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The relationship between herpes zoster and stroke.
Abstract Varicella zoster virus (VZV) infects >95 % of the world population. Typically, varicella (chickenpox) results from primary infection. The virus then becomes latent in ganglionic neurons along the entire neuraxis. In immunocompromised individuals, VZV reactivates and causes herpes zoster (shingles), pain, and rash in 1-2 dermatomes. Multiple case reports showed a link between stroke and zoster, and recent studies have emerged which reveal that VZV infection of the cerebral arteries directly causes pathological vascular remodeling and stroke (VZV vasculopathy). In the past few years, several large epide...
Source: Herpes - February 26, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Nagel MA, Gilden D Tags: Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep Source Type: research

The Relationship Between Herpes Zoster and Stroke
Abstract Varicella zoster virus (VZV) infects >95 % of the world population. Typically, varicella (chickenpox) results from primary infection. The virus then becomes latent in ganglionic neurons along the entire neuraxis. In immunocompromised individuals, VZV reactivates and causes herpes zoster (shingles), pain, and rash in 1–2 dermatomes. Multiple case reports showed a link between stroke and zoster, and recent studies have emerged which reveal that VZV infection of the cerebral arteries directly causes pathological vascular remodeling and stroke (VZV vasculopathy). In the past few years, several large ep...
Source: Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports - February 25, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

A Case of Transient Global Amnesia: A Review and How It May Shed Further Insight into the Neurobiology of Delusions
Conclusion In closing, our patient’s episode of TGA combined with her emotional and perceptual response lends credence to the proposal of a “fear/paranoia” circuit in the genesis of paranoid delusions—a circuit incorporating amygdala, frontal, and parietal cortices. Here, neutral or irrelevant stimuli, thoughts, and percepts come to engender fear and anxiety, while dysfunction in frontoparietal circuitry engenders inappropriate social predictions and maladaptive inferences about the intentions of others.[54] Hippocampus relays information about contextual information based on past experiences and the current situat...
Source: Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience - April 1, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: ICN Online Editor Tags: Anxiety Disorders Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology Case Report Cognition Current Issue Dementia Medical Issues Neurologic Systems and Symptoms Psychiatry Schizophrenia delusions hippocampus neurobiology Transient global amnesia Source Type: research

What Causes Facial Nerve Palsy?
Discussion Facial nerve palsy has been known for centuries, but in 1821 unilateral facial nerve paralysis was described by Sir Charles Bell. Bell’s palsy (BP) is a unilateral, acute facial paralysis that is clinically diagnosed after other etiologies have been excluded by appropriate history, physical examination and/or laboratory testing or imaging. Symptoms include abnormal movement of facial nerve. It can be associated with changes in facial sensation, hearing, taste or excessive tearing. The right and left sides are equally affected but bilateral BP is rare (0.3%). Paralysis can be complete or incomplete at prese...
Source: PediatricEducation.org - June 3, 2019 Category: Pediatrics Authors: pediatriceducationmin Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: news

Acute aortic dissection with right-sided chest and back pain accompanied by left-sided limb dyskinesia
Kardiologiia. 2022 Jun 30;62(6):74-76. doi: 10.18087/cardio.2022.6.n1818.ABSTRACTWe retrospectively studied the diagnosis and treatment of a case of AAD misdiagnosed as stroke since atypical symptoms as the first manifestation, and discussed the clinical features and manifestations, diagnosis, and differential diagnosis of the case in the context of relevant domestic and international literature. The patient, a 49‑year-old male with herpes zoster for more than 1 month, presented with sudden onset of right-sided chest and back pain, accompanied by numbness and weakness of the left limb, and was tentatively diagnosed with ...
Source: Herpes - July 14, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Li-Ping Xie Zheng-Ren Du Chen Ying Yan-Jin Wei Source Type: research

Relationship of Herpes Simplex Encephalitis and
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a noninvasive brain stimulation technique that delivers weak polarizing direct currents (1–2mA) to the cortex using two electrodes placed on the scalp. During recent years, tDCS has been used for various neurologic disorders such as stroke, chronic pain, Parkinson's disease and depression [1–11]. Common side effects, though infrequent include mild tingling, fatigue, pruritus, headache, nausea and insomnia [12]. While it is well-known that herpes simplex virus reactivation may be triggered by trauma [13] (i.e surgery and UV–radiation), to date there has been no reporte...
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - January 17, 2015 Category: Virology Authors: Yuanbin Yang, Juan Xiao, Haiqing Song, Ralph Wang, Mohammed Hussain, Weiqun Song Tags: Case Report Source Type: research

Relationship of herpes simplex encephalitis and transcranial direct current stimulation–a case report
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a noninvasive brain stimulation technique that delivers weak polarizing direct currents (1–2mA) to the cortex using two electrodes placed on the scalp. During recent years, tDCS has been used for various neurologic disorders such as stroke, chronic pain, Parkinson’s disease and depression [1–11]. Common side effects, though infrequent include mild tingling, fatigue, pruritus, headache, nausea and insomnia [12]. While it is well-known that herpes simplex virus reactivation may be triggered by trauma [13] (i.e., surgery and UV – radiation), to date there has been no r...
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - January 17, 2015 Category: Virology Authors: Yuanbin Yang, Juan Xiao, Haiqing Song, Ralph Wang, Mohammed Hussain, Weiqun Song Tags: Case report Source Type: research

Ice Pick Headache
Abstract Ice pick headache, also called idiopathic or primary stabbing headache, is a unique headache type associated with ultra-brief stabs of pain, most commonly in the frontal or temporal area. It occurs predominantly in women and is estimated to affect 2–35 % of the population. Unlike other headache types of short duration, such as short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache with conjunctival injection and tearing (SUNCT), ice pick headache is not associated with any cranial autonomic symptoms but has been known to occur with nausea, vomiting, photophobia, and dizziness. It exists in two forms: primary ...
Source: Current Pain and Headache Reports - April 1, 2016 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

What Causes Hyperammonemia?
Discussion Reye’s syndrome (RS)is named for Dr. Douglas Reye who along with Drs. G. Morgan and J. Baral described encephalopathy and fatty accumulation and degeneration in children in a 1963 Lancet article. RS usually affects children but can occur at all ages. All organs can be affected but the liver and brain are primarily affected causing liver failure and encephalopathy as toxic metabolites (especially ammonia) accumulate, and intracranial hypertension and cerebral edema occurs. As the ammonia levels begin to rise (> 100 mg/dL) patients lose their appetite, have nausea and emesis and mental status changes whic...
Source: PediatricEducation.org - February 20, 2017 Category: Pediatrics Authors: pediatriceducationmin Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: news

Clinical presentation, management, and pathophysiology of neuropathic itch
Publication date: August 2018Source: The Lancet Neurology, Volume 17, Issue 8Author(s): Martin Steinhoff, Martin Schmelz, Imre Lőrinc Szabó, Anne Louise OaklanderSummaryUnlike conventional itch, neuropathic itch develops in normal skin from excess peripheral firing or dampened central inhibition of itch pathway neurons. Neuropathic itch is a symptom of the same central and peripheral nervous system disorders that cause neuropathic pain, such as sensory polyneuropathy, radiculopathy, herpes zoster, stroke, or multiple sclerosis, and lesion location affects symptoms more than aetiology. The causes of neuropathic itch are h...
Source: The Lancet Neurology - July 18, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation in Relieving Neuropathic Pain: Basic Mechanisms and Clinical Applications
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTranscutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is widely used as a non-pharmacological approach for pain relief in a variety of clinical conditions. This manuscript aimed to review the basic mechanisms and clinical applications regarding the use of TENS for alleviating the peripheral (PNP) and central neuropathic pain (CNP).Recent FindingsBasic studies on animal models showed that TENS could alleviate pain by modulating neurotransmitters and receptors in the stimulation site and its upper levels, including the spinal cord, brainstem, and brain. Besides, many clinical studies have investigated t...
Source: Current Pain and Headache Reports - February 17, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Zoster sine herpete: a review.
Authors: Zhou J, Li J, Ma L, Cao S Abstract Zoster sine herpete (ZSH) is one of the atypical clinical manifestations of herpes zoster (HZ), which stems from infection and reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus (VZV) in the cranial nerve, spinal nerve, viscera, or autonomic nerve. Patients with ZSH display variable symptoms, such as neuralgia, however, different from HZ, ZSH show no zoster, which makes clinical diagnosis difficult. ZSH not only causes initial symptoms, such as neuropathic pain in the affected nerve, Bell palsy, and Ramsay Hunt syndrome, but also postherpetic neuralgia and fatal complications suc...
Source: Korean Journal of Pain - July 3, 2020 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Korean J Pain Source Type: research

Basis for diurnal exacerbation of neuropathic pain hypersensitivity and its application for drug development
J Biochem. 2021 Dec 30:mvab143. doi: 10.1093/jb/mvab143. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTIn addition to diurnal rhythms in physiology and behavior, a variety of pathological conditions also exhibit marked day-night changes in symptom intensity, exemplified by allergic rhinitis, arthritis, asthma, myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, stroke, and chronic pain disorders. Currently, novel therapeutic approaches are facilitated by the development of chemical compounds targeted to key proteins that cause diurnal exacerbation of pathological events. Neuropathic pain is a chronic condition that occurs by tumor-induced ne...
Source: Herpes - December 30, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Satoru Koyanagi Naoki Kusunose Sai Yasukochi Shigehiro Ohdo Source Type: research

Pharmaceutical perspective of neuropathic pain management for primary care providers
Inflammopharmacology. 2022 Mar 28. doi: 10.1007/s10787-022-00963-7. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTNeuropathic pain (NP) is a chronic condition that affects ~ 1% of the general population globally. Several conditions such as chronic diabetes, herpes zoster (HZ), cancer, HIV, stroke, multiple sclerosis, physical compression or damage of nerves and certain surgical procedures can lead to neuropathy and related pain. The condition is difficult to treat with traditional analgesic drugs. Typically, non-traditional analgesics are used in treating pain in this condition such as antidepressants and antiepileptic drugs. Opioids are ...
Source: Herpes - March 29, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Sandhya Jinesh Justin Kullgren Gollapudi S Shankar Rajan Radhakrishnan Source Type: research

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