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The Risk of Large-Artery Atherosclerotic Stroke is Proportionally Greater than Cardioembolic Stroke in HIV-Infected Individuals Compared to HIV-Uninfected Controls (P4.304)
CONCLUSIONS: HIV-infected individuals with well-controlled infection may be at proportionally greater risk for large artery atherosclerotic versus cardioembolic stroke compared to uninfected individuals. Additional studies are warranted to confirm this association and explore potential mechanisms underlying this difference, including the role of chronic inflammation.Disclosure: Dr. Price has received personal compensation for activities with Abbott Laboratories as a speaker. Dr. Hsue has nothing to disclose. Dr. Kim has received research support from SanBio, Inc.
Source: Neurology - April 9, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Chow, F., Price, R., Hsue, P., Kim, A. Tags: NeuroAIDS Source Type: research

The Risk of Large-Artery Atherosclerotic Stroke is Proportionally Greater than Cardioembolic Stroke in HIV-Infected Individuals Compared to HIV-Uninfected Controls (I10-1.003)
CONCLUSIONS: HIV-infected individuals with well-controlled infection may be at proportionally greater risk for large artery atherosclerotic versus cardioembolic stroke compared to uninfected individuals. Additional studies are warranted to confirm this association and explore potential mechanisms underlying this difference, including the role of chronic inflammation.Disclosure: Dr. Price has received personal compensation for activities with Abbott Laboratories as a speaker. Dr. Hsue has nothing to disclose. Dr. Kim has received research support from SanBio, Inc.
Source: Neurology - April 9, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Chow, F., Price, R., Hsue, P., Kim, A. Tags: The Global Burden of Neurological Diseases Poster Presentations Source Type: research

Stroke Subtypes and Risk Factors in Saudi Arabia (P1.124)
CONCLUSION: Non-cardioembolic disease was the overwhelming stroke mechanism in this middle-eastern cohort with only 4[percnt] of patients have cardioembolic stroke, in comparison to roughly 20[percnt] reported in Western cohorts. In part, these differences may be explained by deficient prolonged cardiac monitoring. However the high prevalence of atherothrombotic risk factors and overrepresentation of non-cardioembolic stroke suggests a need to optimize atherothrombotic stroke risk factor management within our populationDisclosure: Dr. Al Harbi has nothing to disclose. Dr. Shoamanesh has nothing to disclose.
Source: Neurology - April 3, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Al Harbi, A., Shoamanesh, A. Tags: Cerebrovascular Disease: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Hypovolemia due to cerebral salt wasting may contribute to stroke in tuberculous meningitis
ConclusionIn TBM, stroke occurred in 39.5% of the patients, 50% of whom had CSW. Volume contraction due to CSW may contribute to stroke.
Source: QJM - April 9, 2018 Category: Internal Medicine Source Type: research

Comment The SeLECT score is inappropriate to predict post-stroke epilepsy
Causes of post-stroke epilepsy are manifold and not just restricted to the stroke itself (primary post-stroke epilepsy). These causes range from premorbid conditions already present before the stroke, to morbidity that develops after the stroke, either as a complication of, or independent of, the stroke. Seizures associated with a pre-existing disposition (eg, meningitis, head trauma, or encephalopathy caused by, for example, diabetes or hypertension) can be triggered by stroke or by co-pathologies developing after a stroke (secondary post-stroke epilepsy).
Source: Lancet Neurology - January 18, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Josef Finsterer Tags: Comment Source Type: research

Neurological Involvement in Primary Systemic Vasculitis
Conclusion Neurological involvement is a common complication of PSV (Table 1), and neurologists play an important role in the identification and diagnosis of PSV patients with otherwise unexplained neurological symptoms as their chief complaint. This article summarizes the neurological manifestations of PSV and hopes to improve neuroscientists' understanding of this broad range of diseases. TABLE 1 Table 1. Common CNS and PNS involvements of primary systemic vasculitis. Author Contributions SZ conceived the article and wrote the manuscript. DY and GT reviewed and edited the manuscript. All authors ...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 25, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Janssen Announces U.S. FDA Approval of PONVORY ™ (ponesimod), an Oral Treatment for Adults with Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis Proven Superior to Aubagio® (teriflunomide) in Reducing Annual Relapses and Brain Lesions
TITUSVILLE, N.J. – (March 19, 2021) – The Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson today announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved PONVORY™ (ponesimod), a once-daily oral selective sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1P1) modulator, to treat adults with relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (MS), to include clinically isolated syndrome, relapsing-remitting disease and active secondary progressive disease.1,2,3 PONVORY™ offers MS patients superior efficacy in reducing annualized relapse rates compared to an established oral therapy and a proven safety profile backed by ove...
Source: Johnson and Johnson - March 19, 2021 Category: Pharmaceuticals Tags: Innovation Source Type: news

Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis: Update on Diagnosis and Management
Abstract Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is less frequent than ischemic stroke or intracerebral haemorrhage. Its incidence is comparable to that of acute bacterial meningitis in adults. Because of the increased use of magnetic resonance imaging (MR) for investigating patients with acute and subacute headaches and new onset seizures, CVT are now being diagnosed with increasing frequency. CVT have a more varied clinical presentation than other stroke types as they rarely present as a stroke syndrome. Their most frequent presentations are isolated headache, intracranial hypertension syndrome, seizures, a focal loba...
Source: Current Cardiology Reports - July 30, 2014 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

A Case Report of Rheumatoid Meningitis, an unusual complication of Rheumatoid Arthritis (P4.056)
CONCLUSIONS: Rheumatoid Meningitis is an extremely uncommon complication of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Initial presentations can vary from altered mental status (most common), cranial neuropathies, hemiparesis/paraparesis, seizure, headache and very rarely stroke like symptoms. This patient with Rheumatoid Arthritis presented with multiple stroke like episodes, lepomeningeal enhancement. Diagnosis was established on the basis of Imaging and Histopathology after excluding other potential causes of granulomatous meningitis. Study Supported by: Not applicableDisclosure: Dr. roy has nothing to disclose. Dr. Brink has nothing to dis...
Source: Neurology - April 8, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Roy, B., Brink, J., Bakradze, E., Al Zahmi, F., Uphoff, D., Silverman, I. Tags: MS and CNS Inflammatory Diseases: CNS Inflammatory Diseases and Differential Diagnosis Source Type: research

UCLA researchers provide first evidence of how obstructive sleep apnea damages the brain
Courtesy of Rajesh Kumar Brains with obstructive sleep apnea (left) and without UCLA researchers have reported the first evidence that obstructive sleep apnea contributes to a breakdown of the blood–brain barrier, which plays an important role in protecting brain tissue. The discovery, reported in the Sept. 1 issue of the Journal of Neuroimaging, could lead to new approaches for treating obstructive sleep apnea, which affects an estimated 22 million American adults. The disorder causes frequent interruptions in breathing during sleep because the airways narrow or become blocked. The blood–brain barrier limits harmful...
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - September 1, 2015 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news

CNS-disease affecting the heart: Brain–heart disorders
Abstract: There are a number of hereditary and non-hereditary central nervous system (CNS) disorders, which directly or indirectly affect the heart (brain–heart disorders). The most well-known of these CNS-disorders are epilepsy, stroke, subarachanoid bleeding, bacterial meningitis, and head injury. In addition, a number of hereditary and non-hereditary neurodegenerative disorders may impair cardiac functions. Affection of the heart may manifest as arrhythmias, cardiomyopathy, or autonomic dysfunction. Rarer cardiac complications of CNS disorders include heart failure, systolic or diastolic dysfunction, myocardial infarc...
Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences - July 10, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Josef Finsterer, Karim Wahbi Tags: Reviews Source Type: research

Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity in neurological critical care
Conclusion: PSH is an unusual complication in neurocritical care. It prolonged the hospitalization and hampers recovery. The other life-threatening conditions that mimic PSH should be excluded. The association with JE and tuberculous meningitis was not previously described in literature.
Source: Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine - January 6, 2015 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Rajesh VermaPrithvi GiriImran Rizvi Source Type: research

Severe Symptoms, but a Truly Treatable Disease
​BY NOURA MAHDI; DARRON LEWIS; JEREMY OSBORNE; & AHMED RAZIUDDIN, MDA 73-year-old man was brought to the emergency department from his nursing home for rectal bleeding and anemia. The patient mentioned he had had episodes of bright red rectal bleeding and constipation for a few months. A colonoscopy had been done prior to the visit, which revealed a large intestine tumor and biopsy confirming adenocarcinoma. He was awaiting an appointment with his surgeon.The patient reported bloody rectal leakage, and a CBC done at the nursing home showed a hemoglobin level of 7.2. He also complained of dyspnea but denied any other ...
Source: The Case Files - March 20, 2018 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Blog Posts Source Type: research

What Causes Facial Nerve Palsy?
Discussion Facial nerve palsy has been known for centuries, but in 1821 unilateral facial nerve paralysis was described by Sir Charles Bell. Bell’s palsy (BP) is a unilateral, acute facial paralysis that is clinically diagnosed after other etiologies have been excluded by appropriate history, physical examination and/or laboratory testing or imaging. Symptoms include abnormal movement of facial nerve. It can be associated with changes in facial sensation, hearing, taste or excessive tearing. The right and left sides are equally affected but bilateral BP is rare (0.3%). Paralysis can be complete or incomplete at prese...
Source: PediatricEducation.org - June 3, 2019 Category: Pediatrics Authors: pediatriceducationmin Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: news

Health Worker Training Is Improving Hypertension Care and Prevention in Senegal
October 31, 2019During interviews with almost 2,000 health workers and clients in Dakar, Senegal, IntraHealth International found that some 40% of health workers had not been trained to care for clients with hypertension, and 83% of clients who did not have hypertension knew no more than a single warning sign. But a 2019 evaluation reveals significant progress in under two years.The results from our 2017-2018 situational analysis uncovered gaps in hypertension care and prevention in Dakar, including insufficiencies in equipment, hypertension management skills, and patient education.Those results helped guide theBetter Hear...
Source: IntraHealth International - October 31, 2019 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Authors: mnathe Tags: Senegal Neema Noncommunicable Diseases Human Resources Management Primary Health Care Source Type: news

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