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Hyperglycaemic Metabolic Complications of Ischemic Brain: Current therapeutics, anti-diabetics and stem cell therapy
CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets. 2022 Jun 9. doi: 10.2174/1871527321666220609200852. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTStroke is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients. Diabetes alters endothelial function and disrupts brain pathways, resulting in a variety of systemic metabolic complications. Diabetics not only have impaired neurotransmission, but they also have progressive neurodegeneration, which leads to long-term neurological complications. Diabetes risk factors and physiology alter the frequency and severity of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events, necessitating more hospitalizations. Strok...
Source: CNS and Neurological Disorders Drug Targets - June 13, 2022 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Vishal Chavda Snehal Patel Source Type: research

Individual and Joint Effects of Early-Life Ambient PM2.5 Exposure and Maternal Prepregnancy Obesity on Childhood Overweight or Obesity
Conclusions: In the present study, we observed that early life exposure to PM2.5 may play an important role in the early life origins of COWO and may increase the risk of COWO in children of mothers who were overweight or obese before pregnancy beyond the risk that can be attributed to MPBMI alone. Our findings emphasize the clinical and public health policy relevance of early life PM2.5 exposure. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP261 Received: 29 March 2016 Revised: 08 August 2016 Accepted: 23 August 2016 Published: 14 June 2017 Address correspondence to X. Wang, Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Department of P...
Source: EHP Research - June 14, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Daniil Lyalko Tags: Research Source Type: research

The Insulin-Like Growth Factor I System: Physiological and Pathophysiological Implication in Cardiovascular Diseases Associated with Metabolic Syndrome.
Abstract Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of risk factors including obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and insulin resistance. A number of theories have been speculated for the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome including impaired glucose and lipid metabolism, lipotoxicity, oxidative stress, interrupted neurohormonal regulation and compromised intracellular Ca(2+) handling. Recent evidence has revealed that adults with severe growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-1) deficiency such as Laron syndrome display increased risk of stroke and cardiovascular diseases. IGF-1 signaling may regulate cont...
Source: Biochemical Pharmacology - December 22, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Ren J, Anversa P Tags: Biochem Pharmacol Source Type: research

Association between Exposure to p,p ′-DDT and Its Metabolite p,p′-DDE with Obesity: Integrated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Conclusions: We classified p,p′-DDT and p,p′-DDE as “presumed” to be obesogenic for humans, based on a moderate level of primary human evidence, a moderate level of primary in vivo evidence, and a moderate level of supporting evidence from in vivo and in vitro studies. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP527 Received: 17 May 2016 Revised: 04 May 2017 Accepted: 09 May 2017 Published: 18 September 2017 Please address correspondence to M.A. La Merrill, Dept. of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, 1 Shields Ave., 4245 Meyer Hall, Davis, CA 95616-5270 USA. Telephone: (530) 754-7254. Email: mlamerrill...
Source: EHP Research - September 18, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Daniil Lyalko Tags: Review Source Type: research

Connecting Metainflammation and Neuroinflammation Through the PTN-MK-RPTP β/ζ Axis: Relevance in Therapeutic Development
Conclusion The expression of the components of the PTN-MK-RPTPβ/ζ axis in immune cells and in inflammatory diseases suggests important roles for this axis in inflammation. Pleiotrophin has been recently identified as a limiting factor of metainflammation, a chronic pathological state that contributes to neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Pleiotrophin also seems to potentiate acute neuroinflammation independently of the inflammatory stimulus while MK seems to play different -even opposite- roles in acute neuroinflammation depending on the stimulus. Which are the functions of MK and PTN in chronic neuroi...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 11, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Circulating Endothelial Progenitor and Mesenchymal Stromal Cells as Biomarkers for Monitoring Disease Status and Responses to Exercise
Rev Cardiovasc Med. 2022 Dec 2;23(12):396. doi: 10.31083/j.rcm2312396.ABSTRACTNoncommunicable chronic diseases, such as obesity, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and type 2 diabetes (T2D), pose significant health challenges globally. Important advances have been made in the understanding of the pathophysiologal mechanisms and treatment of noncommunicable diseases in recent years. Lack of physical activity is a primary contributor to many noncommunicable diseases including metabolic syndrome, T2D, CVD, and obesity. Certain diabetes medications and non-pharmaceutical interventions, such as physical activity and exercise, are sh...
Source: Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine - September 8, 2023 Category: Cardiology Authors: Jared M Gollie Sabyasachi Sen Source Type: research