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Condition: Congestive Heart Failure
Nutrition: Vitamins

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Total 45 results found since Jan 2013.

Epidemiologic insights on the role of fibroblast growth factor 23 in cardiovascular disease
Purpose of review: Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) regulates phosphate and vitamin D homeostasis and rises as kidney function declines. Animal studies have demonstrated direct and indirect effects of FGF23 that may promote heart disease. Herein, we review the recent epidemiologic literature evaluating the relationship between FGF23 and cardiovascular disease. Recent findings: In observational prospective studies, higher FGF23 associates with a greater risk of incident cardiovascular disease including ischemic heart disease, stroke, heart failure, and atrial fibrillation. These studies establish a temporal sequence of e...
Source: Current Opinion in Nephrology and Hypertension - April 14, 2015 Category: Urology & Nephrology Tags: EPIDEMIOLOGY AND PREVENTION: Edited by Navdeep Tangri Source Type: research

Homocysteine-lowering interventions for preventing cardiovascular events.
CONCLUSIONS: This second update of this Cochrane Review found no evidence to suggest that homocysteine-lowering interventions in the form of supplements of vitamins B6, B9 or B12 given alone or in combination should be used for preventing cardiovascular events. Furthermore, there is no evidence to suggest that homocysteine-lowering interventions are associated with an increased risk of cancer. PMID: 25590290 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - January 15, 2015 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Martí-Carvajal AJ, Solà I, Lathyris D Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

Effects of Sleepiness on Survival in Japanese Hemodialysis Patients: J-DOPPS Study
Sleep disorder and poor sleep quality are common in chronic hemodialysis (HD) patients. They have been claimed as a cause of morbidity and mortality. The relationship between the degree of sleepiness and survival has not been studied. We studied the degree of sleepiness in 1,252 adult HD patients (age ≥20 years) recruited into the Dialysis Outcomes Practice Pattern Study in Japan (J-DOPPS III), using the Japanese version of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (JESS) questionnaire. Demographic data were presented for three subgroups: low, intermediate, and high JESS score. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was performe...
Source: Nephron Clinical Practice - January 8, 2015 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

Stroke risk reduction with oral anticoagulation using CHADS-VASc in a Japanese AF population: a modeling analysis
Current clinical guidelines recommend that risk stratification for ischaemic stroke in patients with nonvalvular AF (NVAF) should be performed using the CHA2DS2-VASc score (Congestive heart failure, Hypertension, Age≥75years [double], Diabetes mellitus, previous thromboembolism [double], Vascular disease, Age 65–74 years, and female gender) to aid decision making for antithrombotic treatment, with a preference for Non-Vitamin K Oral Anticoagulants (NOACs) in those with CHA2DS2-VASc score ≥1. However, CHA2DS2-VASc score is not recommended in the 2014 Japanese Circulation Society (JCS) guidelines for patients with NVAF.
Source: International Journal of Cardiology - December 5, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Keitaro Senoo, Deirdre A. Lane, Gregory Y.H. Lip Source Type: research

Study On Drug Utilization And Assessment Of Stroke Risk Using Chads2 And Cha2ds2-Vasc Scoring In Elderly Patients With Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation
Stroke Risk Stratification in AF patients of can be done using CHADS2 (Congestive heart failure, Hypertension, Age ≥75, DM, prior Stroke/TIA [2 points] ); or CHA2DS2VASc2 (Congestive heart failure/left ventricular ejection fraction ≤35%, Hypertension, Age ≥75 [2 points], DM, prior Stroke/TIA/thromboembolism [2 points], Vascular disease, Age 65–74, Sex- female). Treatment options for Prevention of stroke includes Anti-coagulants (Vitamin K Antagonist-Warfarin, Acenocoumarol; and Newer Oral Anticoagulant- Dabigatran) and anti-platelets (Aspirin and Clopidogrel).
Source: Value in Health - November 1, 2014 Category: Global & Universal Authors: T. Raj, S. Bonthu, S.R. Mallayasamy Source Type: research

Triple Therapy for Atrial Fibrillation and Percutaneous Coronary Intervention A Contemporary Review
Chronic oral anticoagulant therapy is recommended (class I) in patients with mechanical heart valves and in patients with atrial fibrillation with a CHA2DS2-VASc (Congestive heart failure, Hypertension, Age ≥75 years, Diabetes mellitus, prior Stroke or transient ischemic attack or thromboembolism, Vascular disease, Age 65 to 74 years, Sex category) score ≥1. When these patients undergo percutaneous coronary intervention with stenting, treatment with aspirin and a P2Y12 receptor inhibitor also becomes indicated. Before 2014, guidelines recommended the use of triple therapy (vitamin K antagonists, aspirin, and clopidog...
Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology: Cardiovascular Interventions - September 15, 2014 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Percutaneous Left Atrial Appendage Suture Ligation Not Ready for Prime Time ∗
Novel approaches to reduce stroke risk with oral anticoagulant medications or interventions are of the utmost importance to improve the quality of care for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Oral anticoagulation with vitamin K antagonists and, more recently, with novel oral anticoagulants (NOACs) has led to a remarkable reduction of stroke risk; however, some of the benefits with NOACs are counterbalanced by increased bleeding risks. The idea of developing interventions that reduce stroke risk but avoid long-term oral anticoagulation and thereby avoid increasing the bleeding risk appears very reasonable and attractive...
Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology: Cardiovascular Interventions - August 4, 2014 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Modification of Outcomes With Aspirin or Apixaban in Relation to Female and Male Sex in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: A Secondary Analysis of the AVERROES Study Brief Reports
Conclusions— Female patients with atrial fibrillation had higher ischemic stroke rates compared with male patients, but the relative effects of apixaban compared with aspirin on both ischemic stroke and bleeding were similar in men and women.
Source: Stroke - June 23, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Lip, G. Y. H., Eikelboom, J., Yusuf, S., Shestakovska, O., Hart, R. G., Connolly, S., on behalf of the AVERROES Investigators Tags: Other anticoagulants, Thrombosis risk factors Brief Reports Source Type: research

Rivaroxaban for Stroke Prevention in East Asian Patients From the ROCKET AF Trial Clinical Sciences
Conclusions— Observed relative efficacy and safety of rivaroxaban versus warfarin were similar among patients within and outside East Asia. Rivaroxaban, 20 mg once daily, is an alternative to warfarin for stroke prevention in East Asians with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. Clinical Trial Registration— URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00123456.
Source: Stroke - May 27, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Wong, K. S. L., Hu, D. Y., Oomman, A., Tan, R.-S., Patel, M. R., Singer, D. E., Breithardt, G., Mahaffey, K. W., Becker, R. C., Califf, R., Fox, K. A. A., Berkowitz, S. D., Hacke, W., Hankey, G. J., on behalf of The Executive Steering Committee and the RO Tags: Other anticoagulants, Embolic stroke, Anticoagulants Clinical Sciences Source Type: research

Intracranial Hemorrhage Among Patients With Atrial Fibrillation Anticoagulated With Warfarin or Rivaroxaban: The Rivaroxaban Once Daily, Oral, Direct Factor Xa Inhibition Compared With Vitamin K Antagonism for Prevention of Stroke and Embolism Trial in Atrial Fibrillation Clinical Sciences
Conclusions— Among patients with atrial fibrillation treated with anticoagulation, the risk of ICH was higher among Asians, blacks, the elderly, and in those with previous stroke or transient ischemic attack, increased diastolic blood pressure, and reduced platelet count or serum albumin at baseline. The risk of ICH was significantly lower in patients with heart failure and in those who were randomized to rivaroxaban instead of warfarin. The external validity of these findings requires testing in other atrial fibrillation populations.
Source: Stroke - April 28, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Hankey, G. J., Stevens, S. R., Piccini, J. P., Lokhnygina, Y., Mahaffey, K. W., Halperin, J. L., Patel, M. R., Breithardt, G., Singer, D. E., Becker, R. C., Berkowitz, S. D., Paolini, J. F., Nessel, C. C., Hacke, W., Fox, K. A. A., Califf, R. M., on behal Tags: Acute Cerebral Hemorrhage, Anticoagulants Clinical Sciences Source Type: research

Apixaban versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation according to prior warfarin use: Results from the Apixaban for Reduction in Stroke and Other Thromboembolic Events in Atrial Fibrillation trial
Background: Patients with atrial fibrillation who are vitamin K antagonist (VKA)-naive may have a higher risk of thrombosis and/or bleeding than VKA-experienced patients.Methods and results: Using data from ARISTOTLE, we assessed baseline characteristics and the treatment effect of apixaban versus warfarin in the VKA-naive and VKA-experienced cohorts. We compared rates of study drug discontinuation and time-in-therapeutic range. Overall, 7,800 (43%) were VKA naive, and 10,401 were VKA experienced. At baseline, both groups were similar with respect to age and congestive heart failure, hypertension, age, diabetes, stroke sco...
Source: American Heart Journal - July 26, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: David A. Garcia, Lars Wallentin, Renato D. Lopes, Laine Thomas, John H. Alexander, Elaine M. Hylek, Jack Ansell, Michael Hanna, Fernando Lanas, Greg Flaker, Patrick Commerford, Denis Xavier, Dragos Vinereanu, Hongqiu Yang, Christopher B. Granger Tags: Electrophysiology Source Type: research

Vitamin K antagonists in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation: appropriateness and quality of treatment in an Italian cohort
ConclusionVKA prescription for atrial fibrillation patients is low and not explained by present or past comorbid condition. A second failure is represented by patients’ low compliance. Overall, adherence to VKA guidelines in atrial fibrillation is scarce.
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine - June 5, 2013 Category: Cardiology Tags: Original articles: Atrial fibrillation Source Type: research

Advances in Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation: Enhanced Risk Stratification Combined With the Newer Oral Anticoagulants
Abstract Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) have an increased stroke risk compared with those in sinus rhythm, although the absolute risk for individual patients is modulated by the presence of various additional risk factors. Patient selection for oral anticoagulation for stroke prevention is based on risks of stroke and bleeding. Although CHADS2 (congestive heart failure, hypertension, age ≥75 years, diabetes mellitus, stroke or transient ischemic attack) is the most widely used scheme for evaluating stroke risk in patients with AF, several other stroke risk factors are not included; therefore, many patients' strok...
Source: Clinical Cardiology - April 1, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Freek W. A. Verheugt Tags: Review Source Type: research

Homocysteine-lowering interventions for preventing cardiovascular events.
CONCLUSIONS: This updated Cochrane review found no evidence to suggest that homocysteine-lowering interventions in the form of supplements of vitamins B6, B9 or B12 given alone or in combination should be used for preventing cardiovascular events. Furthermore, there is no evidence suggesting that homocysteine-lowering interventions are associated with an increased risk of cancer. PMID: 23440809 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - March 2, 2013 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Martí-Carvajal AJ, Solà I, Lathyris D, Karakitsiou DE, Simancas-Racines D Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research