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Perturbations in myocardial perfusion and oxygen balance in swine with multiple risk factors: a novel model of ischemia and no obstructive coronary artery disease
In conclusion, common comorbidities in swine result in CMD, in the absence of appreciable atherosclerosis, which is severe en ough to produce perturbations in myocardial oxygen balance, particularly during exercise, resembling key features of INOCA.
Source: Basic Research in Cardiology - February 24, 2020 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Challenge to the Intestinal Mucosa During Sepsis
Conclusion The impact of sepsis on the gut is manifold, e.g., sepsis mediated alteration of the gut-blood barrier and increase in the intestinal permeability, which may correlate with the phenomena of bacterial translocation and lymphatic activation (“toxic-lymph”). Systemic consequences of sepsis are widespread and concern to the coagulative system, the microbiome as well as enzymes, such as pancreatic proteases, MMPs and IAPs. Nevertheless, the therapeutic approaches for modulating the mucosal immune system are still rarely effective in daily routine. Recent published studies showing that treatment with ...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 29, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Is Aberrant Reno-Renal Reflex Control of Blood Pressure a Contributor to Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia-Induced Hypertension?
This study demonstrated unaltered vascular conductance in response to lumbar sympathetic stimulation in CIH-exposed rats. Aortic compliance was increased and estimated blood volume was unchanged in CIH-exposed rats. Increased blood pressure was related to an increase in cardiac output, which was confirmed by echocardiography (Lucking et al., 2014). It is suggested therefore that hypertension in the CIH model can be evoked by over-excitation of the cardiac arm of sympathetic nervous system (SNS), even before mechanisms of enhanced peripheral vasoconstriction and endothelial dysfunction are initiated (Naghshin et al., 2009)....
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 23, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Prolonged High Fat Diet Worsens the Cellular Response to a Small, Covert-like Ischemic Stroke
Publication date: Available online 4 February 2019Source: NeuroscienceAuthor(s): Kathleen E. Fifield, Todd M. Rowe, Joanna B. Raman-Nair, Michiru Hirasawa, Jacqueline L. VanderluitAbstractObesity is associated with worse neurological outcomes following overt ischemic strokes. The majority of strokes however, are covert, small strokes that often evade detection. How obesity impacts the cellular response to covert strokes is unclear. Here, we used a diet-induced obesity model by feeding mice a high fat diet (HFD) and examining its impact on the behavioral and cellular responses to either an Endothelin-1-induced focal ischemi...
Source: Neuroscience - February 5, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Photoacoustic microscopy of obesity-induced cerebrovascular alterations
Publication date: Available online 13 December 2018Source: NeuroImageAuthor(s): Rui Cao, Jun Li, Chenchu Zhang, Zhiyi Zuo, Song HuAbstractCerebral small vessel disease has been linked to cognitive, psychiatric and physical disabilities, especially in the elderly. However, the underlying pathophysiology remains incompletely understood, largely due to the limited accessibility of these small vessels in the live brain. Here, we report an intravital imaging and analysis platform for high-resolution, quantitative and comprehensive characterization of pathological alterations in the mouse cerebral microvasculature. By exploiting...
Source: NeuroImage - December 15, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research