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Condition: Ischemic Stroke
Management: National Institute for Health Research (NIHR)

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Total 16 results found since Jan 2013.

Incidence and prevalence of dementia associated with transient ischaemic attack and stroke: analysis of the population-based Oxford Vascular Study
Publication date: March 2019Source: The Lancet Neurology, Volume 18, Issue 3Author(s): Sarah T Pendlebury, Peter M Rothwell, Oxford Vascular StudySummaryBackgroundRisk of dementia after stroke is a major concern for patients and carers. Reliable data for risk of dementia, particularly after transient ischaemic attack or minor stroke, are scarce. We studied the risks of, and risk factors for, dementia before and after transient ischaemic attack and stroke.MethodsThe Oxford Vascular Study is a prospective incidence study of all vascular events in a population of 92 728 people residing in Oxfordshire, UK. Patients with tran...
Source: The Lancet Neurology - February 14, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Prevalence of patent foramen ovale in cryptogenic transient ischaemic attack and non-disabling stroke at older ages: a population-based study, systematic review, and meta-analysis
Publication date: Available online 7 June 2018 Source:The Lancet Neurology Author(s): Sara Mazzucco, Linxin Li, Lucy Binney, Peter M Rothwell Background Percutaneous closure of patent foramen ovale (PFO) has been shown to be superior to medical treatment alone for prevention of recurrent stroke after cryptogenic transient ischaemic attack or non-disabling stroke in patients aged 60 years or younger. The justification for trials in older patients with transient ischaemic attack or stroke depends on whether PFO is shown to be associated with cryptogenic events at older ages, for which existing evidence is conflicting, and o...
Source: The Lancet Neurology - June 8, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

14 Primary care based opportunistic screening for atrial fibrillation increases detection rates
Introduction: Atrial fibrillation (AF) remains a leading cause of ischaemic stroke despite the availability of effective medications. A major hurdle for effective management is often the asymptomatic nature of AF. Improved diagnosis and management has potential significant benefits for individual patients and economically for our health service due to the expensive nature of stroke care. In conjunction with Hounslow Cardiovascular Clinical Network (a collaborative of primary, secondary, community care and patient groups) and the NIHR CLAHRC Northwest London, we set out to improve the detection, quality of care and outcomes...
Source: Europace - October 5, 2017 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Age-specific risks, severity, time course, and outcome of bleeding on long-term antiplatelet treatment after vascular events: a population-based cohort study
Publication date: Available online 13 June 2017 Source:The Lancet Author(s): Linxin Li, Olivia C Geraghty, Ziyah Mehta, Peter M Rothwell Background Lifelong antiplatelet treatment is recommended after ischaemic vascular events, on the basis of trials done mainly in patients younger than 75 years. Upper gastrointestinal bleeding is a serious complication, but had low case fatality in trials of aspirin and is not generally thought to cause long-term disability. Consequently, although co-prescription of proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) reduces upper gastrointestinal bleeds by 70–90%, uptake is low and guidelines are conflicti...
Source: The Lancet - June 15, 2017 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Microglial activation in recent ischemic stroke: comparison of two TSPO tracers
Conclusion: The apparent intensity of microglial activation in ischemic stroke is closely comparable between 18F-GE180 and 11C-(R)-PK11195 PET. Research Support: The study is funded by a grant from NIHR and supported by GEHC and INMIND (EC FP7).
Source: Journal of Nuclear Medicine - May 24, 2017 Category: Nuclear Medicine Authors: Herholz, K., Hinz, R., Visi, E., Trigg, W., McDonald, K., Punter, M., Majid, A., Gerhard, A. Tags: Neurology Posters Source Type: research

Time-course of functional recovery after acute ischaemic stroke and its relationship to cause-specific mortality: Implications for follow-up of stroke trials (S19.004)
Conclusions:Functional recovery continues to occur between 3 months and 1 year post-stroke, but disability by 3 months strongly predicts long-term stroke-related death/dependency. By extending follow-up to 1 year, trials can capture most salient differences in long-term disability and index-stroke-related deaths.Study Supported by:The Oxford Vascular Study has been funded by the Wellcome Trust, Wolfson Foundation, UK Stroke Association and the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre. PMR is in receipt of an NIHR Senior Investigator Award and a Wellcome Trust Senior Investigator Award. AG is funded by the Rhodes Trust.Disclo...
Source: Neurology - April 17, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Ganesh, A., Luengo-Fernandez, R., Wharton, R. M., Gutnikov, S. A., Silver, L. E., Mehta, Z., Rothwell, P. M., on behalf of the Oxford Vascular Study Tags: Best Of: Cerbrovascular Disease and Interventional Neurology Source Type: research

Moderate drinking may reduce heart disease risk
Conclusion This study paints a more complicated picture than the "Pint a day keeps the doctor away" story proffered by The Sun. It seems to confirm the findings of other studies, which have shown that non-drinkers tend to have a higher risk of cardiovascular diseases than people who drink moderately. It suggests that some cardiovascular diseases (mainly those directly affecting the heart) seem to have a stronger link to a possible protective effect from alcohol than other vascular diseases, such as mini-strokes and bleeding in the brain. However, this can't be concluded with certainty due to the study design. We ...
Source: NHS News Feed - March 23, 2017 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Heart/lungs Food/diet Lifestyle/exercise Source Type: news

Effects of aspirin on risk and severity of early recurrent stroke after transient ischaemic attack and ischaemic stroke: time-course analysis of randomised trials
Publication date: Available online 18 May 2016 Source:The Lancet Author(s): Peter M Rothwell, Ale Algra, Zhengming Chen, Hans-Christoph Diener, Bo Norrving, Ziyah Mehta Background Aspirin is recommended for secondary prevention after transient ischaemic attack (TIA) or ischaemic stroke on the basis of trials showing a 13% reduction in long-term risk of recurrent stroke. However, the risk of major stroke is very high for only the first few days after TIA and minor ischaemic stroke, and observational studies show substantially greater benefits of early medical treatment in the acute phase than do longer-term trials. ...
Source: The Lancet - May 19, 2016 Category: Journals (General) Source Type: research

No significant benefit found in new treatment method for coronary artery bypass surgery
A study looking at ways to reduce damage to heart muscle during coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) found using remote ischaemic preconditioning (RIPC) treatment did not provide greater protection against events including stroke, heart attack and cardiovascular death.RIPC is a virtually cost free, non-pharmacological and non-invasive treatment. The process involves using a blood pressure...
Source: NIHR Evaluation, Trials and Studies News - October 15, 2015 Category: American Health Source Type: news

Incidence, outcome, risk factors, and long-term prognosis of cryptogenic transient ischaemic attack and ischaemic stroke: a population-based study
Publication date: Available online 27 July 2015 Source:The Lancet Neurology Author(s): Linxin Li, Gabriel S Yiin, Olivia C Geraghty, Ursula G Schulz, Wilhelm Kuker, Ziyah Mehta, Peter M Rothwell Background A third of transient ischaemic attacks (TIAs) and ischaemic strokes are of undetermined cause (ie, cryptogenic), potentially undermining secondary prevention. If these events are due to occult atheroma, the risk-factor profile and coronary prognosis should resemble that of overt large artery events. If they have a cardioembolic cause, the risk of future cardioembolic events should be increased. We aimed to asses...
Source: The Lancet Neurology - July 28, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

GP receptionists 'could help prevent stroke deaths'
Conclusion This valuable and well-designed study assessed a cross-section of general practices from one UK region, looking at how well receptionists are able to recognise the signs of stroke and give appropriate advice – either immediately passing patients on to the GP or telling them to contact emergency services. The study has many strengths. These include the large sample of GP surgeries and calls assessed, and that receptionists weren't aware of the nature of the study and the calls were unannounced. At the end of each individual call receptionists were told the call was part of the study and no further action was n...
Source: NHS News Feed - June 29, 2015 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Medical practice Neurology Source Type: news

Cardiometabolic effects of genetic upregulation of the interleukin 1 receptor antagonist: a Mendelian randomisation analysis
Publication date: Available online 26 February 2015 Source:The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology Background To investigate potential cardiovascular and other effects of long-term pharmacological interleukin 1 (IL-1) inhibition, we studied genetic variants that produce inhibition of IL-1, a master regulator of inflammation. Methods We created a genetic score combining the effects of alleles of two common variants (rs6743376 and rs1542176) that are located upstream of IL1RN, the gene encoding the IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra; an endogenous inhibitor of both IL-1α and IL-1β); both alleles increase soluble IL-1Ra ...
Source: The Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology - February 26, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Type 2 diabetes and incidence of cardiovascular diseases: a cohort study in 1·9 million people
This study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01804439). Findings Our cohort consisted of 1 921 260 individuals, of whom 1 887 062 (98·2%) did not have diabetes and 34 198 (1·8%) had type 2 diabetes. We observed 113 638 first presentations of cardiovascular disease during a median follow-up of 5·5 years (IQR 2·1–10·1). Of people with type 2 diabetes, 6137 (17·9%) had a first cardiovascular presentation, the most common of which were peripheral arterial disease (reported in 992 [16·2%] of 6137 patients) and heart failure (866 [14·1%] of 6137 patients). Type 2 diabetes was positively associated wi...
Source: The Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology - December 5, 2014 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Flu jab "may cut" stroke risk by a quarter
ConclusionThis research finds that, overall, having the flu vaccine reduced the risk of a person experiencing a stroke by about 25%. The reduction in risk seemed to be greatest within the first three months of vaccination, but remained for up to 12 months.  However, the effect lasted only if the vaccine was given early in the flu season (September to mid-November); giving the vaccine late in the flu season (mid-November to February) was not associated with significantly reduced risk.The research benefits from using data coded within the General Practice Research Database for England and Wales for almost 50,000 people with...
Source: NHS News Feed - February 21, 2014 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Heart/lungs Neurology Older people Source Type: news

Walking reduces heart disease in people at risk
Conclusion This study of adults at high risk of type 2 diabetes and heart disease has found that every 2,000 steps they normally took each day was associated with a 10% lower risk of a cardiovascular event. And 12 months later, each extra 2,000 steps per day people did beyond their original number of steps was associated with an additional 8% difference in the cardiovascular event rate. This large study recruited participants from around the world and the researchers adjusted for a number of potential confounders. However, the study had a number of limitations, including: A large amount of information on the number of s...
Source: NHS News Feed - December 23, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Lifestyle/exercise Source Type: news