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Infectious Disease: HIV AIDS

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Total 49 results found since Jan 2013.

Incidence of cardiometabolic outcomes among people living with HIV-1 initiated on integrase strand transfer inhibitor versus non-integrase strand transfer inhibitor antiretroviral therapies: a retrospective analysis of insurance claims in the United States
CONCLUSIONS: Over a short average follow-up period of <2 years, INSTI use among treatment-naïve PLWH was associated with an increased risk of several cardiometabolic outcomes, such as CHF, myocardial infarction and lipid disorders, compared to non-INSTI use. Further research accounting for additional potential confounders and with longer follow-up is warranted to more accurately and precisely quantify the impact of INSTI-containing ART on long-term cardiometabolic outcomes.PMID:37306118 | PMC:PMC10258864 | DOI:10.1002/jia2.26123
Source: Journal of the International AIDS Society - June 12, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Peter F Rebeiro Bruno Emond Carmine Rossi Brahim K Bookhart Aditi Shah Gabrielle Caron-Lapointe Marie-H élène Lafeuille Prina Donga Source Type: research

HIV Treatment and Neurologic Data Highlights From CROI 2023 HIV Treatment and Neurologic Data Highlights From CROI 2023
Highlights in HIV treatment from CROI 2023 focus on injectable and second-line therapies. Top neurologic data include risk factors for stroke and effect of HIV therapy on neurocognitive performance.Medscape
Source: Medscape Hiv-Aids Headlines - March 13, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: HIV/AIDS ReCAP Source Type: news

Cardiovascular disease risk in women living with HIV
Purpose of review To synthesize current evidence on the impact of cardiovascular disease among women living with HIV (WLWH) with a particular focus on disease prevalence, mechanisms and prevention. Recent findings HIV-related cardiovascular disease risk is 1.5-fold to 2-fold higher for women than for men. Mechanisms of enhanced risk are multifactorial and include reinforcing pathways between traditional risk factors, metabolic dysregulation, early reproductive aging and chronic immune activation. These pathways influence both the presentation of overt syndromes of myocardial infarction, stroke and heart failure,...
Source: Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS - August 18, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE: Edited by Virginia A. Triant Source Type: research

Inflammation-mediated vitamin K and vitamin D effects on vascular calcifications in people with HIV on active antiretroviral therapy
Background: People with HIV (PWH) experience increased systemic inflammation and monocyte activation, leading to increased risk of cardiovascular events (death, stroke, and myocardial infarction) and higher coronary artery calcium scores (CACs). Vitamins D and K2 have significant anti-inflammatory effects; in addition, vitamin K2 is involved in preventing vascular calcifications in the general population. The roles of vitamins D and K in increased coronary calcifications in successfully treated PWH is less understood. Methods: We prospectively recruited 237 PWH on antiretroviral treatment (ART) and 67 healthy co...
Source: AIDS - March 25, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: CLINICAL SCIENCE Source Type: research

Short Communication: Incidence and Risk Factors of Ischemic Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack Among People Living with HIV: A Longitudinal Cohort Study
AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses,Volume 38, Issue 2, Page 131-134, February 2022.
Source: AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses - February 4, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Akarin Hiransuthikul Aurauma Chutinet Jiratchaya Sophonphan Sasiwimol Ubolyam Kiat Ruxrungtham Anchalee Avihingsanon Source Type: research

Intracranial vascular imaging detects arterial wall abnormalities in persons with treated HIV infection
Conclusion: In persons at moderate-to-high cardiovascular risk, HIV infection, even when well controlled, may be associated with a greater burden of intracranial large artery disease and, specifically, of ICAD. Studies of the mechanisms underlying higher rates of ischemic stroke in PWH should include evaluation for intracranial large artery disease. VW-MRI provides added value as an adjunct to traditional luminal imaging when evaluating cerebrovascular risk in PWH.
Source: AIDS - December 14, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: CLINICAL SCIENCE: CONCISE COMMUNICATIONS Source Type: research

Plasma galectin-9 as a predictor of adverse non-AIDS events in persons with chronic HIV during suppressive antiretroviral therapy
Background: People with HIV (PWH) on antiretroviral therapy (ART) still experience an increased risk of morbidity and mortality, presumably driven by chronic inflammation, yet predictors of discrete or combinatorial outcomes remain unclear. Galectin-9 (Gal-9), a driver of both inflammatory and immunosuppressive responses, has been associated with HIV disease progression and multimorbidity. Objective: To determine whether plasma Gal-9 levels are associated with the occurrence of specific non-AIDS events (NAEs) in PWH initiating ART. Design: We performed a nested case–control study of PWH enrolled from 20...
Source: AIDS - November 23, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: CLINICAL SCIENCE: CONCISE COMMUNICATION Source Type: research

Incidence and Risk Factors of Ischemic Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack Among People Living with HIV: A Longitudinal Cohort Study
AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses, Ahead of Print.
Source: AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses - November 17, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Akarin Hiransuthikul Aurauma Chutinet Jiratchaya Sophonphan Sasiwimol Ubolyam Kiat Ruxrungtham Anchalee Avihingsanon Source Type: research

Risk factors and outcomes of HIV-associated stroke in Zambia
Objective: To compare risk factors and clinical outcomes between people with HIV (PWH) and HIV-uninfected (HIV−) adults with stroke hospitalized in Zambia. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed charts of all adults admitted to the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia with a clinical diagnosis of stroke between October 2018 and March 2019. Standardized data collection instruments were used to collect demographic, clinical, laboratory and imaging results. Comparison between individuals with and without HIV infection was made using t tests for continuous parametric variables, Wilcoxon rank-sum tests for ...
Source: AIDS - October 12, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: CLINICAL SCIENCE Source Type: research

Short Communication: Ischemic Stroke Subtypes Among Thai HIV-Infected Patients: A 12-Year Retrospective Study
AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses,Volume 37, Issue 9, Page 627-630, September 2021.
Source: AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses - September 3, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Akarin Hiransuthikul Aurauma Chutinet Nijasri C. Suwanwela Source Type: research

Association of Syndemic Unhealthy Alcohol Use, Smoking, and Depressive Symptoms on Incident Cardiovascular Disease among Veterans With and Without HIV-Infection
AbstractUnhealthy alcohol use, smoking, and depressive symptoms are risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Little is known about their co-occurrence – termed a syndemic, defined as the synergistic effect of two or more conditions—on CVD risk in people with HIV (PWH). We used data from 5621 CVD-free participants (51% PWH) in the Veteran’s Aging Cohort Study-8, a prospective, observational study of veterans followed from 2002 to 2014 to asse ss the association between this syndemic and incident CVD by HIV status. Diagnostic codes identified cases of CVD (acute myocardial infarction, stroke, heart failure, perip...
Source: AIDS and Behavior - August 19, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Ischemic Stroke Subtypes Among Thai HIV-Infected Patients: A 12-Year Retrospective Study
AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses, Ahead of Print.
Source: AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses - June 14, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Akarin Hiransuthikul Aurauma Chutinet Nijasri C. Suwanwela Source Type: research

Presence of asymptomatic cytomegalovirus and Epstein--Barr virus DNA in blood of persons with HIV starting antiretroviral therapy is associated with non-AIDS clinical events
Background: Even with antiretroviral therapy (ART), persons with HIV (PWH) experience increased morbidity and mortality. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Epstein--Barr virus (EBV) co-infections likely exacerbate inflammatory-related diseases. Objective: To determine if presence of detectable CMV or EBV DNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) is associated with non-AIDS events among PWH receiving modern ART. Design: We performed a case--control study of PWH starting ART and HIV-suppressed at year 1 and thereafter, 140 cases who experienced non-AIDS events and 305 matched controls. Events included myocardial infarc...
Source: AIDS - April 9, 2020 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: CLINICAL SCIENCE Source Type: research