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Source: Circulation Research

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Total 159 results found since Jan 2013.

Social Integration and Reduced Risk of Coronary Heart Disease in Women: The Role of Lifestyle Behaviors.
Conclusions: Social integration is inversely associated with CHD incidence in women, but is largely explained by lifestyle/behavioral pathways. PMID: 28373350 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Circulation Research - April 3, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Chang SC, Glymour M, Cornelis M, Walter S, Rimm E, Tchetgen ET, Kawachi I, Kubzansky LD Tags: Circ Res Source Type: research

Methodological Rigor in Preclinical Cardiovascular Studies: Targets to Enhance Reproducibility and Promote Research Translation.
Conclusions: Methodological shortcomings are prevalent in preclinical cardiovascular research, have not substantially improved over the past 10 years, and may be overlooked when basing subsequent studies. Resultant risks of bias and threats to study validity have the potential to hinder progress in cardiovascular medicine as preclinical research often precedes and informs clinical trials. Stroke research quality has uniquely improved in recent years, warranting a closer examination for interventions to model in other cardiovascular fields. PMID: 28373349 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Circulation Research - April 3, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Ramirez FD, Motazedian P, Jung RG, Di Santo P, MacDonald ZD, Moreland R, Simard T, Clancy AA, Russo J, Welch VA, Wells GA, Hibbert B Tags: Circ Res Source Type: research

HETE Signals Through G Protein-Coupled Receptor GPR75 (Gq) to Affect Vascular Function and Trigger Hypertension.
Conclusions: This is the first report to identify a GPCR target for an eicosanoid of this class. The discovery of 20-HETE-GPR75 pairing presented here provides the molecular basis for the signaling and pathophysiological functions mediated by 20-HETE in hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. PMID: 28325781 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Circulation Research - March 21, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Garcia V, Gilani A, Shkolnik B, Pandey V, Zhang FF, Dakarapu R, Gandham SK, Reddy NR, Graves JP, Gruzdev A, Zeldin DC, Capdevila JH, Falck JR, Schwartzman ML Tags: Circ Res Source Type: research

Stroke Risk Factors, Genetics, and Prevention.
Abstract Stroke is a heterogeneous syndrome, and determining risk factors and treatment depends on the specific pathogenesis of stroke. Risk factors for stroke can be categorized as modifiable and nonmodifiable. Age, sex, and race/ethnicity are nonmodifiable risk factors for both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, while hypertension, smoking, diet, and physical inactivity are among some of the more commonly reported modifiable risk factors. More recently described risk factors and triggers of stroke include inflammatory disorders, infection, pollution, and cardiac atrial disorders independent of atrial fibrillation....
Source: Circulation Research - February 2, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Boehme AK, Esenwa C, Elkind MS Tags: Circ Res Source Type: research

Cerebral Vascular Disease and Neurovascular Injury in Ischemic Stroke.
Abstract The consequences of cerebrovascular disease are among the leading health issues worldwide. Large and small cerebral vessel disease can trigger stroke and contribute to the vascular component of other forms of neurological dysfunction and degeneration. Both forms of vascular disease are driven by diverse risk factors, with hypertension as the leading contributor. Despite the importance of neurovascular disease and subsequent injury after ischemic events, fundamental knowledge in these areas lag behind our current understanding of neuroprotection and vascular biology in general. The goal of this review is t...
Source: Circulation Research - February 2, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Hu X, De Silva TM, Chen J, Faraci FM Tags: Circ Res Source Type: research

Global Burden of Stroke.
Abstract On the basis of the GBD (Global Burden of Disease) 2013 Study, this article provides an overview of the global, regional, and country-specific burden of stroke by sex and age groups, including trends in stroke burden from 1990 to 2013, and outlines recommended measures to reduce stroke burden. It shows that although stroke incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life-years rates tend to decline from 1990 to 2013, the overall stroke burden in terms of absolute number of people affected by, or who remained disabled from, stroke has increased across the globe in both men and women of all ag...
Source: Circulation Research - February 2, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Feigin VL, Norrving B, Mensah GA Tags: Circ Res Source Type: research

Introduction to the Stroke Compendium.
PMID: 28154095 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Circulation Research - February 2, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Fisher M, Iadecola C, Sacco R Tags: Circ Res Source Type: research

Vascular Cognitive Impairment.
Abstract Cerebrovascular disease typically manifests with stroke, cognitive impairment, or both. Vascular cognitive impairment refers to all forms of cognitive disorder associated with cerebrovascular disease, regardless of the specific mechanisms involved. It encompasses the full range of cognitive deficits from mild cognitive impairment to dementia. In principle, any of the multiple causes of clinical stroke can cause vascular cognitive impairment. Recent work further highlights a role of microinfarcts, microhemorrhages, strategic white matter tracts, loss of microstructural tissue integrity, and secondary neuro...
Source: Circulation Research - February 2, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Dichgans M, Leys D Tags: Circ Res Source Type: research

Acute Ischemic Stroke Therapy Overview.
Abstract The treatment of acute ischemic stroke has undergone dramatic changes recently subsequent to the demonstrated efficacy of intra-arterial (IA) device-based therapy in multiple trials. The selection of patients for both intravenous and IA therapy is based on timely imaging with either computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging, and if IA therapy is considered noninvasive, angiography with one of these modalities is necessary to document a large-vessel occlusion amenable for intervention. More advanced computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging studies are available that can be used to identif...
Source: Circulation Research - February 2, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Catanese L, Tarsia J, Fisher M Tags: Circ Res Source Type: research

Cryptogenic Stroke: Research and Practice.
CONCLUSIONS: A thorough diagnostic evaluation is essential to determine the pathogenesis in cryptogenic stroke. This approach, in addition to risk factor management and lifestyle modifications, will lead to improved stroke prevention strategies in patients with cryptogenic stroke. This will allow for targeted clinical trials to improve stroke prevention strategies in this patient population. PMID: 28154102 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Circulation Research - February 2, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Yaghi S, Bernstein RA, Passman R, Okin PM, Furie KL Tags: Circ Res Source Type: research

Cardioembolic Stroke.
Abstract Cardiac embolism accounts for an increasing proportion of ischemic strokes and might multiply several-fold during the next decades. However, research points to several potential strategies to stem this expected rise in cardioembolic stroke. First, although one-third of strokes are of unclear cause, it is increasingly accepted that many of these cryptogenic strokes arise from a distant embolism rather than in situ cerebrovascular disease, leading to the recent formulation of embolic stroke of undetermined source as a distinct target for investigation. Second, recent clinical trials have indicated that embo...
Source: Circulation Research - February 2, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Kamel H, Healey JS Tags: Circ Res Source Type: research

Stroke Caused by Atherosclerosis of the Major Intracranial Arteries.
Abstract Our goal in this review is to discuss the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of stroke caused by atherosclerosis of the major intracranial arteries. References for the review were identified by searching PubMed for related studies published from 1955 to June 2016 using search terms intracranial stenosis and intracranial atherosclerosis. Reference sections of published randomized clinical trials and previously published reviews were searched for additional references. Intracranial atherosclerotic disease is a highly prevalent cause of stroke that is associated with a high risk of recurrent stroke. I...
Source: Circulation Research - February 2, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Banerjee C, Chimowitz MI Tags: Circ Res Source Type: research

Stroke Caused by Extracranial Disease.
Abstract Extracranial internal carotid artery atherosclerotic occlusive disease is a common ischemic stroke mechanism. Vascular risk factor control remains the cornerstone of stroke prevention in patients with both asymptomatic and symptomatic carotid occlusive diseases. Intensive medical therapy refers to the contemporary approach of antiplatelet therapy, blood pressure control, low-density lipoprotein reduction, and lifestyle modification to reduce stroke risk. Carotid revascularization with endarterectomy or angioplasty and stenting are established treatments for patients with symptomatic carotid stenosis ≥70...
Source: Circulation Research - February 2, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Barrett KM, Brott TG Tags: Circ Res Source Type: research

Decline in Cardiovascular Mortality: Possible Causes and Implications.
Abstract If the control of infectious diseases was the public health success story of the first half of the 20th century, then the decline in mortality from coronary heart disease and stroke has been the success story of the century's past 4 decades. The early phase of this decline in coronary heart disease and stroke was unexpected and controversial when first reported in the mid-1970s, having followed 60 years of gradual increase as the US population aged. However, in 1978, the participants in a conference convened by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute concluded that a significant recent downtick in c...
Source: Circulation Research - January 19, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Mensah GA, Wei GS, Sorlie PD, Fine LJ, Rosenberg Y, Kaufmann PG, Mussolino ME, Hsu LL, Addou E, Engelgau MM, Gordon D Tags: Circ Res Source Type: research

Pleiotropic Effects of Statins on the Cardiovascular System.
Abstract The statins have been used for 30 years to prevent coronary artery disease and stroke. Their primary mechanism of action is the lowering of serum cholesterol through inhibiting hepatic cholesterol biosynthesis thereby upregulating the hepatic low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptors and increasing the clearance of LDL-cholesterol. Statins may exert cardiovascular protective effects that are independent of LDL-cholesterol lowering called pleiotropic effects. Because statins inhibit the production of isoprenoid intermediates in the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway, the post-translational prenylation of small...
Source: Circulation Research - January 5, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Oesterle A, Laufs U, Liao JK Tags: Circ Res Source Type: research