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Source: Circulation Research

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Total 159 results found since Jan 2013.

Inhaled Sodium Nitrite Improves Rest and Exercise Hemodynamics in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction.
CONCLUSIONS: Acute administration of inhaled sodium nitrite reduces biventricular filling pressures and pulmonary artery pressures at rest and during exercise in HFpEF. Further study is warranted to evaluate chronic effects of inhaled nitrite in HFpEF. PMID: 27458234 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Circulation Research - July 24, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Borlaug BA, Melenovsky V, Koepp KE Tags: Circ Res Source Type: research

Inflammatory Disequilibrium in Stroke.
Abstract Over the past several decades, there have been substantial advances in our knowledge of the pathophysiology of stroke. Understanding the benefits of timely reperfusion has led to the development of thrombolytic therapy as the cornerstone of current management of ischemic stroke, but there remains much to be learned about mechanisms of neuronal ischemic and reperfusion injury and associated inflammation. For ischemic stroke, novel therapeutic targets have continued to remain elusive. When considering modern molecular biological techniques, advanced translational stroke models, and clinical studies, a consi...
Source: Circulation Research - June 23, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Petrovic-Djergovic D, Goonewardena SN, Pinsky DJ Tags: Circ Res Source Type: research

Evolving Treatments for Acute Ischemic Stroke.
We describe how stroke presents as a clinical syndrome and how imaging as the most important biomarker will help differentiate between stroke subtypes and treatment eligibility. The evolution of hyperacute treatment has led to the current standard of care: intravenous thrombolysis with tissue-type plasminogen activator and endovascular treatment for proximal vessel occlusion in the anterior cerebral circulation. All patients with acute ischemic stroke are in need of hyperacute secondary prevention because the risk of recurrence is highest closest to the index event. The dominant themes of modern stroke care are the use of ...
Source: Circulation Research - April 28, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Zerna C, Hegedus J, Hill MD Tags: Circ Res Source Type: research

Evolving Treatments for Arterial and Venous Thrombosis: Role of the Direct Oral Anticoagulants.
Abstract The direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) represent a major advance in oral anticoagulant therapy and have replaced the vitamin K antagonists as the preferred treatment for many indications. By simplifying long-term anticoagulant therapy and improving its safety, the DOACs have the potential to reduce the global burden of thrombosis. Postmarketing studies suggest that the favorable results achieved with DOACs in the randomized controlled trials can be readily translated into practice, but highlight the need for appropriate patient, drug and dose selection, and careful follow-up. Leveraging on their success t...
Source: Circulation Research - April 28, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Chan NC, Eikelboom JW, Weitz JI Tags: Circ Res Source Type: research

Global Burden of Thrombosis: Epidemiologic Aspects.
Abstract Thromboembolic conditions were estimated to account for 1 in 4 deaths worldwide in 2010 and are the leading cause of mortality. Thromboembolic conditions are divided into arterial and venous thrombotic conditions. Ischemic heart disease and ischemic stroke comprise the major arterial thromboses and deep-vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism comprise venous thromboembolism. Atrial fibrillation is a major risk factor for stroke and systemic arterial thromboembolism. Estimates of the global burden of disease were obtained from Global Burden of Disease Project reports, recent systematic reviews, and searchin...
Source: Circulation Research - April 28, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Wendelboe AM, Raskob GE Tags: Circ Res Source Type: research

MicroRNA Regulation of Atherosclerosis.
Abstract Atherosclerosis and its attendant clinical complications, such as myocardial infarction, stroke, and peripheral artery disease, are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Western societies. In response to biochemical and biomechanical stimuli, atherosclerotic lesion formation occurs from the participation of a range of cell types, inflammatory mediators, and shear stress. Over the past decade, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as evolutionarily conserved, noncoding small RNAs that serve as important regulators and fine-tuners of a range of pathophysiological cellular effects and molecular signaling...
Source: Circulation Research - February 19, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Feinberg MW, Moore KJ Tags: Circ Res Source Type: research

Triglyceride-Rich Lipoproteins and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: New Insights From Epidemiology, Genetics, and Biology.
Abstract Scientific interest in triglyceride-rich lipoproteins has fluctuated over the past many years, ranging from beliefs that these lipoproteins cause atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) to being innocent bystanders. Correspondingly, clinical recommendations have fluctuated from a need to reduce levels to no advice on treatment. New insight in epidemiology now suggests that these lipoproteins, marked by high triglycerides, are strong and independent predictors of ASCVD and all-cause mortality, and that their cholesterol content or remnant cholesterol likewise are strong predictors of ASCVD. Of all a...
Source: Circulation Research - February 19, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Nordestgaard BG Tags: Circ Res Source Type: research

Epidemiology of Atherosclerosis and the Potential to Reduce the Global Burden of Atherothrombotic Disease.
Abstract Atherosclerosis is a leading cause of vascular disease worldwide. Its major clinical manifestations include ischemic heart disease, ischemic stroke, and peripheral arterial disease. In high-income countries, there have been dramatic declines in the incidence and mortality from ischemic heart disease and ischemic stroke since the middle of the 20th century. For example, in the United Kingdom, the probability of death from vascular disease in middle-aged men (35-69 years) has decreased from 22% in 1950 to 6% in 2010. Most low- and middle-income countries have also reported declines in mortality from stroke ...
Source: Circulation Research - February 19, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Herrington W, Lacey B, Sherliker P, Armitage J, Lewington S Tags: Circ Res Source Type: research

Multimodal SHG-2PF Imaging of Microdomain Ca2+-Contraction Coupling in Live Cardiac Myocytes.
CONCLUSIONS: Multi-modal SHG-2PF microscopy enables the simultaneous observation of Ca(2+) release and mechanical strain at the sub-sarcomere level in living cardiac myocytes. The method benefits from the label-free nature of SHG, which allows A-bands to be imaged independently of T-tubule morphology and simultaneously with Ca(2+) indicators. SHG-2PF imaging is widely applicable to the study of Ca(2+)-contraction coupling and mechano-chemo-transduction in both health and disease. PMID: 26643875 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Circulation Research - December 7, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Awasthi S, Izu L, Mao Z, Jian Z, Landas T, Lerner A, Shimkunas R, Woldeyesus RA, Bossuyt J, Wood BM, Chen YJ, Matthews DL, Lieu DK, Chiamvimonvat N, Lam KS, Chen-Izu Y, Chan JW Tags: Circ Res Source Type: research

Endovascular intervention for peripheral artery disease.
Abstract Advances in endovascular therapies during the past decade have broadened the options for treating peripheral vascular disease percutaneously. Endovascular treatment offers a lower risk alternative to open surgery in many patients with multiple comorbidities. Noninvasive physiological tests and arterial imaging precede an endovascular intervention and help localize the disease and plan the procedure. The timing and need for revascularization are broadly related to the 3 main clinical presentations of claudication, critical limb ischemia, and acute limb ischemia. Many patients with claudication can be treat...
Source: Circulation Research - April 24, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Thukkani AK, Kinlay S Tags: Circ Res Source Type: research

Randomized Controlled Trials of Blood Pressure Lowering in Hypertension: A Critical Reappraisal.
Abstract Sixty-eight blood pressure (BP)-lowering randomized controlled trials (defined as randomized controlled trials comparing active treatment with placebo, or less active treatment, achieving a BP difference, performed between 1966 and end 2013 in cohorts with ≥40% hypertensive patients, and exclusive of trials in acute myocardial infarction, heart failure, acute stroke, and dialysis) were identified and meta-analyzed grouping the randomized controlled trials on the basis of clinically relevant questions: (1) does BP lowering reduce all types of cardiovascular outcome? (2) Is prevention of all outcomes prop...
Source: Circulation Research - March 13, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Zanchetti A, Thomopoulos C, Parati G Tags: Circ Res Source Type: research

Inflammation, Immunity, and Hypertensive End-Organ Damage.
Abstract For >50 years, it has been recognized that immunity contributes to hypertension. Recent data have defined an important role of T cells and various T cell-derived cytokines in several models of experimental hypertension. These studies have shown that stimuli like angiotensin II, deoxycorticosterone acetate-salt, and excessive catecholamines lead to formation of effector like T cells that infiltrate the kidney and perivascular regions of both large arteries and arterioles. There is also accumulation of monocyte/macrophages in these regions. Cytokines released from these cells, including interleukin-17, i...
Source: Circulation Research - March 13, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: McMaster WG, Kirabo A, Madhur MS, Harrison DG Tags: Circ Res Source Type: research

Lifestyle Effects on Hematopoiesis and Atherosclerosis.
Abstract Diet, exercise, stress, and sleep are receiving attention as environmental modifiers of chronic inflammatory diseases, including atherosclerosis, the culprit condition of myocardial infarction and stroke. Accumulating data indicate that psychosocial stress and a high-fat, high-cholesterol diet aggravate cardiovascular disease, whereas regular physical activity and healthy sleeping habits help prevent it. Here, we raise the possibility that inflammation-associated leukocyte production plays a causal role in lifestyle effects on atherosclerosis progression. Specifically, we explore whether and how potent re...
Source: Circulation Research - February 27, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Nahrendorf M, Swirski FK Tags: Circ Res Source Type: research

Meta-Analysis of Cell-based CaRdiac stUdiEs (ACCRUE) in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction Based on Individual Patient Data.
Conclusions: This meta-analysis of IPD from randomized trials in patients with recent AMI revealed that intracoronary cell therapy provided no benefit, in terms of clinical events or changes in left ventricular function. PMID: 25700037 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Circulation Research - February 19, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Gyongyosi M, Wojakowski W, Lemarchand P, Lunde K, Tendera M, Bartunek J, Marbán E, Assmus B, Henry TD, Traverse JH, Moyé L, Suerder D, Corti R, Huikuri HV, Miettinen JA, Woehrle J, Obradovic S, Roncalli J, Malliaras K, Pokushalov E, Romanov A, Kastrup J Tags: Circ Res Source Type: research

Waking up the stem cell niche: how hematopoietic stem cells generate inflammatory monocytes after stroke.
PMID: 25634966 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Circulation Research - January 30, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Wolf D, Ley K Tags: Circ Res Source Type: research