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Source: Chest

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Total 129 results found since Jan 2013.

Comparing the Effectiveness and Safety of Non-Vitamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulants and Warfarin in the Elderly Asian Patients with Atrial Fibrillation: A Nationwide Cohort Study.
CONCLUSIONS: Compared to warfarin, NOACs were associated with a significantly lower risk of adverse events, with heterogeneity in treatment effects among different age strata. Overall, the clear safety signal in favor of NOACs over warfarin was evident irrespective of age strata, being most marked in the most elderly. PMID: 31809694 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Chest - December 2, 2019 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Chao TF, Chiang CE, Liao JN, Chen TJ, Lip GYH, Chen SA Tags: Chest Source Type: research

Dyspnea Post Pulmonary Embolism from VD/VT and Stroke Volume Defects During Exercise.
CONCLUSIONS: Increased VD/VT at anaerobic threshold and decreased stroke volume reserve during exercise are common among patients with dyspnea on exertion after long-term treatment of PE. The defects can be disclosed noninvasively by cardiopulmonary exercise testing. PMID: 31759962 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Chest - November 20, 2019 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Fernandes TM, Alotaibi M, Strozza D, Stringer W, Porszasz J, Faulkner G, Castro C, Tran D, Morris TA Tags: Chest Source Type: research

Direct acting oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in critically ill patients.
Abstract The direct acting oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have been increasingly utilized over vitamin K antagonists (VKA) in recent years because they do not require monitoring and have an immediate anti-coagulation effect. In general, DOACs have shown a better safety profile and non-inferiority for venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis and treatment, and stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation, when compared to VKA agents in the non-ICU population. Whether this holds true in patients who are critically ill remains unknown. In this review, we will address the role of DOACs in special ICU population...
Source: Chest - June 24, 2019 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Rali P, Gangemi A, Moores A, Mohrien K, Moores L Tags: Chest Source Type: research

Effectiveness and Safety of Four Direct Oral Anticoagulants in Asians with Non-valvular Atrial Fibrillation.
CONCLUSIONS: In the largest real-world practice study among Asians with NVAF, four DOACs were associated with lower risks of thromboembolism and bleeding than warfarin. There was consistency even amongst high risk subgroups and whether standard dose or low dose regimes were compared. PMID: 31103697 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Chest - May 15, 2019 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Chan YH, Lee HF, See LC, Tu HT, Chao TF, Yeh YH, Wu LS, Kuo CT, Chang SH, Lip GYH Tags: Chest Source Type: research

Right ventricular-arterial uncoupling during exercise in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction - role of pulmonary vascular dysfunction.
CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that RV-PA uncoupling is common in HFpEF and is caused by both intrinsic RV contractile impairment and afterload mismatch. Resting and dynamic RV-PA uncoupling in HFpEF is driven by an increase in RV pulsatile rather than resistive afterload. However, with the additive effects of increased RV resistive afterload, RV-PA uncoupling worsens dynamically during exercise. PMID: 31103695 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Chest - May 15, 2019 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Singh I, Rahaghi FN, Naeije R, Oliveira RKF, Systrom DM, Waxman AB Tags: Chest Source Type: research

Long-term impact of newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation during critical care: A Korean nationwide cohort study.
CONCLUSION: The patients who survived after newly diagnosed AF during critical care remained at a higher risk of long-term stroke/SE and mortality than the patients without AF regardless of AF recurrence and the causes of critical care. Close follow-up and continuous anticoagulation might be needed for these patients. PMID: 31051171 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Chest - April 29, 2019 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Kim K, Yang PS, Jang E, Yu HT, Kim TH, Uhm JS, Kim JY, Sung JH, Pak HN, Lee MH, Lip GYH, Joung B Tags: Chest Source Type: research

Prevalence of atrial fibrillation in hospital encounters with end-stage chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on home oxygen: National trends in the United States.
CONCLUSION: AF prevalence in hospital encounters with end-stage COPD increased from 2003 to 2014. Better management strategies for end-stage COPD patients comorbid with AF are needed, especially in elderly individuals. PMID: 30684473 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Chest - January 23, 2019 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Xiao X, Han H, Wu C, He Q, Ruan Y, Zhai Y, Gao Y, Zhao X, He J Tags: Chest Source Type: research

Effectiveness and Safety of Non-Vitamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulants in Atrial Fibrillation Patients with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: A Nationwide Cohort Study.
CONCLUSIONS: Compared with warfarin, patients with HCM and AF on NOACs had similar stroke and major bleeding risks, but lower all-cause mortality and composite fatal cardiovascular events. Our data suggest that patients with HCM and AF can be safely and effectively treated with NOACs. PMID: 30472021 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Chest - November 22, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Jung H, Yang PS, Jang E, Yu HT, Kim TH, Uhm JS, Kim JY, Pak HN, Lee MH, Joung B, Lip GYH Tags: Chest Source Type: research

Air Pollution and Non-Communicable Diseases: A review by the Forum of International Respiratory Societies' Environmental Committee. Part 2: Air pollution and organ systems.
Abstract Although air pollution is well-known to be harmful to the lung and airways, it can also damage most other organ systems of the body. It is estimated that about 500,000 lung cancer deaths and 1.6 million chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) deaths can be attributed to air pollution, but air pollution may also account for 19% of all cardiovascular deaths and 21% of all stroke deaths. Air pollution has been linked to other malignancies, such as bladder cancer and childhood leukemia. Lung development in childhood is stymied with exposure to air pollutants, and poor lung development in children predict...
Source: Chest - November 9, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Schraufnagel DE, Balmes J, Cowl CT, De Matteis S, Jung SH, Mortimer K, Perez-Padilla R, Rice MB, Riojas-Rodroguez H, Sood A, Thurston GD, To T, Vanker A, Wuebbles DJ Tags: Chest Source Type: research

Antithrombotic Therapy for Atrial Fibrillation: CHEST Guideline and Expert Panel Report.
CONCLUSIONS: Oral anticoagulation is the optimal choice of antithrombotic therapy for patients with AF with ≥1 non-gender CHA2DS2VASc stroke risk factor(s). PMID: 30144419 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Chest - August 21, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Lip GYH, Banerjee A, Boriani G, Chiang CE, Fargo R, Freedman B, Lane DA, Ruff CT, Turakhia M, Werring D, Patel S, Moores L Tags: Chest Source Type: research

Clinical and hemodynamic correlates of pulmonary arterial stiffness in incident, untreated patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension.
CONCLUSIONS: In incident idiopathic PAH, PA stiffness was related to mPAP and heart rate, and this outperformed the potential influences of age and gender. Baseline PA stiffness did not independently predict outcome. The great dispersion of RC-time implied that PVR and PA stiffness were differently affected by the disease process. PMID: 29940163 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Chest - June 22, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Chemla D, Weatherald J, Lau EMT, Savale L, Boucly A, Attal P, Jaïs X, Parent F, Girerd B, Simonneau G, Montani D, Humbert M, Sitbon O, Hervé P Tags: Chest Source Type: research

A Woman With Recent Stroke Presenting With Respiratory Failure and Shock.
PMID: 29731049 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Chest - May 1, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Ferenchick HR, Chua AT, Carlese AJ, Shiloh AL Tags: Chest Source Type: research

Contemporary Reviews in Critical Care Medicine: Atrial Fibrillation in the Intensive Care Unit.
We describe acute- and long-term evaluation and management strategies based on current evidence, and propose future avenues of investigation to fill large knowledge gaps in the management of patients with AF during critical illness. PMID: 29627355 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Chest - April 5, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Bosch NA, Cimini J, Walkey AJ Tags: Chest Source Type: research

Wake-Up Right-Sided Hemiparesis and Dysarthria in a Heavy Snorer.
Abstract CASE PRESENTATION: A 57-year-old man was referred to the ED for wake-up right-sided hemiparesis, hypoesthesia, dysarthria, and a National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score of 7. Urgent CT brain scanning showed an ischemic lesion of the left temporal and insular lobes. The patient was admitted to the stroke unit, and acetylsalicylic acid 300 mg and low-molecular-weight heparin 6,000 IU were administered. PMID: 29307434 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Chest - January 1, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Brunetti V, Ferilli MAN, Vollono C, Di Franco A, Della Marca G Tags: Chest Source Type: research

Tamponade: Hemodynamic and Echocardiographic Diagnosis.
Abstract Cardiac tamponade is a medical emergency that can be readily reversed with timely recognition and appropriate intervention. The clinical diagnosis of cardiac tamponade requires synthesis of a constellation of otherwise non-specific features, based on an understanding of the underlying pathophysiology. Whereas echocardiographic examination is a central component of diagnosis, alone it is insufficient to establish the physiologic diagnosis of hemodynamically significant cardiac tamponade. The hemodynamic diagnosis of cardiac tamponade requires clinical evidence of low cardiac output and stroke volume in the...
Source: Chest - November 11, 2017 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Kearns MJ, Walley KR Tags: Chest Source Type: research