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Source: Molecular Neurobiology

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Total 278 results found since Jan 2013.

Effects of Antimalarial Drugs on Neuroinflammation-Potential Use for Treatment of COVID-19-Related Neurologic Complications
AbstractThe SARS-CoV-2 virus that is the cause of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) affects not only peripheral organs such as the lungs and blood vessels, but also the central nervous system (CNS) —as seen by effects on smell, taste, seizures, stroke, neuropathological findings and possibly, loss of control of respiration resulting in silent hypoxemia. COVID-19 induces an inflammatory response and, in severe cases, a cytokine storm that can damage the CNS. Antimalarials have unique properti es that distinguish them from other anti-inflammatory drugs. (A) They are very lipophilic, which enhances their ability to cross ...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - November 27, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Long Non-coding RNA PVT1 Inhibits miR-30c-5p to Upregulate Rock2 to Modulate Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury Through MAPK Signaling Pathway Activation
AbstractLong non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a key role in a variety of disease processes. Plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 (PVT1), a lncRNA, is known to regulate cell functions and play a key role in the pathogenesis of many malignant tumors. The function and molecular mechanisms of lncRNA-PVT1 in cerebral ischemia remain unknown. Real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to detect lncRNA-PVT1 and microRNA-30c-5p (miR-30c-5p) expression in the brain tissues of mice underwent middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) and oxygen –glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R)-treated mouse primary brain neurons. Gain- or l...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - August 26, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

PAF Receptor Inhibition Attenuates Neuronal Pyroptosis in Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury
AbstractIschemic stroke is an inflammation-related disease, during which process activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and subsequent pyroptosis play crucial roles. Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is a potent phospholipid regulator of inflammation which exerts its effect via binding specific PAF receptor (PAFR). However, whether PAFR contributes to pyroptosis during ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury remains to be elucidated. To explore the underlying effect of PAFR on ischemic stroke from the perspective of pyroptosis, mice were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) injury and primary cultures of m...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - September 25, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Neuroprotective Role of Acidosis in Ischemia: Review of the Preclinical Evidence
AbstractEfforts to develop effective neuroprotective therapies for ischemic stroke have had little success to date. One promising approach to neuroprotection is ischemic postconditioning, which utilizes brief bouts of ischemia after acute ischemic stroke to elicit neuroprotection, although the mechanism is largely unknown. As the primary components of transient ischemia are local hypoxia and acidosis, and hypoxic postconditioning has had little success, it is possible that the acidosis component may be the primary driver. To address the evidence behind this, we performed a systematic review of preclinical studies focused o...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - October 4, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Knockdown of circRNA-Memo1 Reduces Hypoxia/Reoxygenation Injury in Human Brain Endothelial Cells Through miRNA-17-5p/SOS1 Axis
AbstractCirc-Memo1 has been proved to be upregulated in ischemia –reperfusion induced acute injury of kidney tissues. However, the potential role of circ-Memo1 in cerebral hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury is still unclear.Blood samples were collected from 25 ischemic stroke patients and 25 healthy controls. To construct the H/R model, human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMVECs) were cultured under the hypoxic condition, followed by reoxygenation. Cell viability was analyzed by MTT assay. Flow cytometry was carried out to examine cell apoptosis. The level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activity of superoxide...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - January 18, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Beta-Boswellic Acid Protects Against Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury via the Protein Kinase C Epsilon/Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-like 2/Heme Oxygenase-1 Pathway
This study demonstrates that β-BA exerts neuroprotective effects against cerebral I/R via the activation of the PRKCE/NFE2L2/HMOX1 pathway and is a potentia l therapeutic candidate for ischemic stroke.Graphical abstract
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - May 3, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Therapeutic Potentials of MicroRNA-126 in Cerebral Ischemia
AbstractStroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. It is among the most common neurological disorders with an 8 –10% lifetime risk. Ischemic stroke accounts for about 85% of all strokes and damages the brain tissue via various damaging mechanisms. Following cerebral ischemia, the disrupted blood–brain barrier (BBB) leads to cerebral edema formation caused by activation of oxidative stress, inflammation, a nd apoptosis, targeting primarily endothelial cells. Activation of the protective mechanisms might favor fewer damages to the neural tissue. MicroRNA (miR)-126 is an endothelial cell-specific miR inv...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - January 4, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Age-Associated Resilience Against Ischemic Injury in Mice Exposed to Transient Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion
AbstractIschemic stroke is the leading cause of death and disability. Although stroke mainly affects aged individuals, animal research is mostly one on young rodents. Here, we examined the development of ischemic injury in young (9 –12-week-old) and adult (72-week-old) C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice exposed to 30 min of intraluminal middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo). Post-ischemic reperfusion did not differ between young and adult mice. Ischemic injury assessed by infarct area and blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity assessed by IgG extravasation analysis was smaller in adult compared with young mice. Microvascular viabili...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - June 27, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Hypoxia/Reoxygenation-Preconditioned Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Rescue Ischemic Rat Cortical Neurons by Enhancing Trophic Factor Release
In this study, we assessed whether hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) preconditioning of human BM-MSCs could increase their functional capacity and beneficial effect on ischemic rat cortical neurons. Human BM-MSCs were cultured under hypoxia (1 % O2) and with long-term reoxygenation for various times to identify the optimal conditions for increasing their viability and proliferation. The effects of H/R preconditioning on the BM-MSCs were assessed by analyzing the expression of prosurvival genes, trophic factors, and cell migration assays. The functionally improved BM-MSCs were cocultured with ischemic rat cortical neurons to com...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - October 7, 2014 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Posttreatment with 11-Keto-β-Boswellic Acid Ameliorates Cerebral Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury: Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway as a Potential Mechanism
In conclusion, these findings provide evidence that the neuroprotection of KBA against oxidative stress-induced ischemic injury involves the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - October 27, 2014 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Estradiol and Progesterone Administration After pMCAO Stimulates the Neurological Recovery and Reduces the Detrimental Effect of Ischemia Mainly in Hippocampus
Abstract Epidemiological studies have suggested a differential response, males versus female, in stroke incidence and prognosis. These divergences in brain response after damage are based mostly on hormonal differences. To date, estradiol and progesterone administered independently have demonstrated neuroprotection after ischemia in animal models. Nonetheless, contradictory results were revealed using a combined administration. In order to evaluate the effects of combinatorial treatment administered after ischemia induction, we used two different approaches: in vivo and in vitro models. Male rats which underwent p...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - November 7, 2014 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Erratum to: Thioredoxin-Interacting Protein: a Novel Target for Neuroprotection in Experimental Thromboembolic Stroke in Mice
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - December 11, 2014 Category: Neurology Source Type: research