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Source: Current Cardiology Reports
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Total 125 results found since Jan 2013.
Insomnia and Cardiovascular Health: Exploring the Link Between Sleep Disorders and Cardiac Arrhythmias
AbstractCardiovascular diseases (CVDs), driven by modern lifestyles, have increased, with atrial fibrillation (AF) being a major concern linked to heart failure and stroke. Insomnia affects a large population, especially younger individuals, males, and menopausal women, decreasing the quality of life and potentially causing autonomic disturbances and cardiac arrhythmias.Purpose of ReviewThis review explores the link between insomnia and cardiac arrhythmias, particularly AF, and its impact on cardiovascular health and emphasizes the need to address insomnia in individuals with cardiac arrhythmias by tailored strategies for ...
Source: Current Cardiology Reports - September 1, 2023 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Left Atrial Appendage Closure with Watchman vs Amulet Devices: Similarities and Differences
AbstractPurpose of ReviewLeft atrial appendage closure (LAAC) has shown to be non-inferior to oral anticoagulation (OAC) for non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF). LAAC is now becoming a leading method for stroke prophylaxis in patients who have atrial fibrillation and are unable to tolerate OAC. There are currently two FDA-approved endocardial closure devices, namely, the Watchman FLX and Amplatzer Amulet.Recent FindingsCurrent data highlights that both devices offer similar efficacy and safety for LAAC. While the two devices differ in terms of intraprocedural complication rates, they offer similar short- to long-term out...
Source: Current Cardiology Reports - August 16, 2023 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Sex Differences in Atrial Fibrillation
AbstractPurpose of ReviewAtrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia. The estimated lifetime risk of developing AF is higher in men; however, due to differences in life expectancy, the overall prevalence is higher among women, particularly in the older age group. Sex differences play an important role in the pathophysiology, presentation, and clinical outcomes of AF. Awareness of these differences minimizes the potential for disparities in AF management. Our review summarizes the current literature on sex differences in AF, including the epidemiology, pathophysiology, risk factors, clinical sym...
Source: Current Cardiology Reports - July 28, 2023 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Incidence and Prevalence of Atrial Fibrillation in Latinos: What ’s New Since the Study in Latinos (SOL)?
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTo assess contemporary epidemiological trends in AF incidence and prevalence in the LatinX population after the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos.Recent FindingsAtrial fibrillation (AF) remains the most abnormal heart rhythm condition globally and disproportionately impacts morbidity and mortality of communities that have been historically disadvantaged. The incidence and prevalence of AF is lower in the LatinX population compared to White individuals despite a higher burden of classic risk factors associated with AF. Since the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos study o...
Source: Current Cardiology Reports - July 8, 2023 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
An Increased Understanding of the Association Between Atherosclerosis and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
AbstractPurpose of ReviewImmune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy activates the host immune system to promote tumor cell death. This activation of the immune system can lead to off-target immune-related adverse events (irAEs). There is an established link between inflammation and atherosclerosis. The purpose of this manuscript is to review the existing body of literature discussing the potential association between ICI treatment and atherosclerosis.Recent FindingsPre-clinical studies suggest that ICI therapy may lead to T-cell-mediated progression of atherosclerosis. Recent retrospective clinical studies have shown higher...
Source: Current Cardiology Reports - July 3, 2023 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Soluble Guanylate Cyclase Activators and Stimulators in Patients with Heart Failure
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis review sought to summarize the current emerging soluble guanylate cyclase activators and stimulators in patients with heart failure, both heart failure with reduced and preserved ejection fraction, to provide a reference for soluble guanylate cyclase activators and stimulators discovery.Recent FindingsHeart failure is a common disease with considerable morbidity, hospitalization, and mortality Soluble guanylate cyclase is a key enzyme in the nitric oxide signaling pathway and has attracted rapidly growing interest as a therapeutic target in heart failure. Currently, several soluble guanylate c...
Source: Current Cardiology Reports - April 20, 2023 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Correlation Between Cardiovascular Protection and Influenza Vaccination
AbstractPurpose of ReviewInfluenza is the cause of millions of deaths yearly in the USA and globally. It presents a significant health burden in millions of people and is associated with chronic disease exacerbations including acute cardiovascular events such as myocardial infarction and stroke. We reviewed recent studies and a meta-analysis to assess the part that influenza vaccination plays in cardiovascular system protection.Recent FindingsA sizable study measured the effect of influenza vaccination on cardiovascular health and mortality. This retrospective observational study used the 2012 –2015 US National Inpatient...
Source: Current Cardiology Reports - April 14, 2023 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Is There a Role for Vitamin K Antagonist in the Management of Atrial Fibrillation in 2023?
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTo address the following question: Are vitamin K antagonists (VKA) obsolete as stroke prevention therapy for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and thromboembolic risk factors?Recent FindingsA patient-level meta-analysis of the pivotal phase III randomized trials confirmed the favorable treatment effect of direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) over VKA in multiple key patient subgroups. Among patients with AF and rheumatic heart disease (85% of whom had mitral stenosis), a randomized trial showed that rivaroxaban was not superior to VKA for stroke prevention. Caution should be exercised when prescr...
Source: Current Cardiology Reports - March 30, 2023 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Stroke in Atrial Fibrillation and Other Atrial Dysrhythmias
AbstractPurpose of ReviewAtrial fibrillation (AF) is a major risk factor for systemic embolism and ischaemic stroke. Furthermore, AF-related strokes are associated with higher mortality, greater disability, longer hospital stays and lower rates of hospital discharge than strokes caused by other reasons. The aim of this review to summarise the existing evidence on the association of AF with ischemic stroke and provide insights on the pathophysiological mechanisms and the clinical management of patients with AF in order to reduce the burden of ischemic stroke.Recent FindingsBeyond Virchow ’s triad, several pathophysiologic...
Source: Current Cardiology Reports - March 28, 2023 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Adding Fuel to the Fire: Infective Endocarditis and the Challenge of Cerebrovascular Complications
AbstractPurpose of ReviewInfective endocarditis is a deadly disease and made more deadly by neurologic complications. We review the cerebrovascular complications of infective endocarditis and focus our discussion on medical and surgical management.Recent FindingsWhile management of stroke in the setting of infective endocarditis differs from standard stroke treatment, mechanical thrombectomy has proven safe and successful. Optimal timing of cardiac surgery in the setting of stroke remains an area of debate, but additional observational studies continue to add more detail to the discussion.SummaryCerebrovascular complicatio...
Source: Current Cardiology Reports - March 27, 2023 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Stroke and Noninfective Native Valvular Disease
AbstractPurpose of ReviewEmbolic stroke of undetermined source is a challenging clinical entity. While less common than atrial fibrillation and endocarditis, many noninfective heart valve lesions have been associated with stroke and may be considered as culprits for cerebral infarcts when other more common causes are excluded. This review discusses the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and management of noninfective valvular diseases that are commonly associated with stroke.Recent FindingsCalcific debris from degenerating aortic and mitral valves may embolize to the cerebral vasculature causing small- or large-vessel ischemia...
Source: Current Cardiology Reports - March 27, 2023 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Air Pollution and the Heart: Updated Evidence from Meta-analysis Studies
AbstractPurpose of ReviewAlthough environmental exposure such as air pollution is detrimental to cardiovascular disease (CVD), the effects of different air pollutants on different CVD endpoints produced variable findings. We provide updated evidence between air pollutants and CVD outcomes including mitigation strategies with meta-analytic evidence.Recent FindingsAn increased exposure to any class of air pollutants including particulate matter (PM), gas, toxic metals, and disruptive chemicals has been associated with CVD events. Exposure to PM < 2.5 μm has been consistently associated with most heart diseases and...
Source: Current Cardiology Reports - November 25, 2022 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
The Role of the Non-Steroidal Mineralocorticoid Antagonist Finerenone in Cardiorenal Management
This article provides an overview of recent evidence of benefits on cardiovascular (CV) outcomes.Recent FindingsThe recently published phase III FIDELIO-DKD and FIGARO-DKD, alone and pooled, in patients with CKD and diabetes demonstrate that finerenone reduces the composite of CV death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, and hospitalization for heart failure (HF) with hospitalization for HF being the primary driver of this composite.SummaryFinerenone is indicated to reduce renal and CV outcomes in patients with CKD and diabetes. Future investigations of this agent include patients with non-diabetic CKD, HF w...
Source: Current Cardiology Reports - October 22, 2022 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation
AbstractPurpose of ReviewAtrial fibrillation is associated with a significant increase in stroke and systemic embolism. This review explores the areas of stroke prevention.Recent FindingsIn the last decade, NOAC has overtaken warfarin as the anticoagulant of choice for stroke prevention in AF. For patients unable to take anticoagulation, LAA closure has proven to be a valid option. The use of digital devices has led to widespread consumer-directed AF screening. It remains to be determined if all device detect AF pose the same amount of risk as recent studies have shown that short and infrequent episodes of AF may not benef...
Source: Current Cardiology Reports - September 22, 2022 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Concomitant Surgical Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion: a Review
AbstractPurpose of ReviewIn this review, we discuss some of the observational studies that examined the impact of left atrial appendage occlusion on stroke, the Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion Study (LAAOS) III research program that provided definitive evidence for the benefit of surgical left atrial appendage occlusion on ischemic stroke, and high priority studies in the field that should be pursued by the surgical community.Recent FindingsAtrial fibrillation is common in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Oral anticoagulants are effective at preventing strokes related to atrial fibrillation; they have been the standard...
Source: Current Cardiology Reports - April 30, 2022 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
