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Source: Current Cardiology Reports
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Total 125 results found since Jan 2013.
Outcomes of Direct Oral Anticoagulants in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation and Valvular Heart Disease
AbstractPurpose of ReviewDirect oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are increasingly used for the treatment and prevention of thromboembolic events in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF). Evidence regarding their role in patients with AF and concurrent valvular heart disease (VHD) continues to evolve.Recent FindingsPost hoc analyses of randomized clinical trials suggest that DOACs are non-inferior to warfarin for the prevention of stroke or systemic embolism in patients with AF and VHD. Emerging evidence from observational data showed a favorable benefit-risk profile for DOACs compared to warfarin in patients with ...
Source: Current Cardiology Reports - April 23, 2022 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Cardiac Registries During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Lessons Learned
AbstractPurpose of this ReviewWe discuss the role of observational studies and cardiac registries during the COVID-19 pandemic. We focus on published cardiac registries and highlight contributions to the field that have had clinical implications.Recent FindingsWe included observational studies of COVID-19 patients published in peer-reviewed medical journals with defined inclusion and exclusion criteria, defined study design, and primary outcomes. A PubMed and MEDLINE literature review results in 437 articles, of which 52 include patients with COVID-19 with cardiac endpoints. From July 2020 to December 2021, the average tim...
Source: Current Cardiology Reports - April 5, 2022 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Use of Prolonged Cardiac Rhythm Monitoring to Identify Atrial Fibrillation After Cryptogenic Stroke
AbstractPurpose of ReviewProlonged cardiac monitoring (PCM) improves detection of atrial fibrillation (AF) after cryptogenic stroke. We summarize current research supporting the use of PCM as part of the cryptogenic stroke evaluation, while highlighting areas that require more investigation.Recent FindingsDespite increased AF detection with longer durations of PCM, more definitive research is needed to demonstrate how PCM improves clinical outcomes. The optimal type, timing, and length of cardiac monitoring after cryptogenic stoke remains unknown. Clinical calculators will be important to risk stratify which cryptogenic st...
Source: Current Cardiology Reports - February 16, 2022 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Updates in the Impact of Chronic Systemic Inflammation on Vascular Inflammation by Positron Emission Tomography (PET)
AbstractPurpose of ReviewIn this review, we focus on the clinical and epidemiological studies pertaining to systemic and vascular inflammation by positron emission tomography (PET) in patients with chronic inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and psoriasis to highlight the importance of chronic systemic inflammation on vascular inflammation by PET in these disease states.Recent FindingsRecent clinical and translation advancements have demonstrated the durable relationship between chronic systemic inflammation and cardiovascular di...
Source: Current Cardiology Reports - February 16, 2022 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Associations of Glycemic Index and Glycemic Load with Cardiovascular Disease: Updated Evidence from Meta-analysis and Cohort Studies
AbstractPurpose of ReviewDiet and lifestyle patterns are considered major contributory factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality. In particular, consuming a diet higher in carbohydrates (not inclusive of fruits and vegetables, but more processed carbohydrates) has been associated with metabolic abnormalities that subsequently may increase the risk of CVD and related mortality. Glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) are values given to foods based on how fast the body converts carbohydrates into glucose also referred to as the glycemic burden of carbohydrates from foods. Conflicting associations of how high...
Source: Current Cardiology Reports - February 4, 2022 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Correction to: Stroke Prevention in Cervical Artery Dissection
Source: Current Cardiology Reports - January 13, 2022 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Updates in Cerebral Venous Thrombosis
AbstractPurpose of ReviewCerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is a rare cause of stroke that most commonly affects younger women. Here, we review new literature relevant to the management and prognosis of individuals with CVT and ongoing areas of uncertainty.Recent FindingsDirect-acting oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are being increasingly integrated into routine care but are not yet recommended by guidelines. Recent randomized clinical trials and available case series offer reassuring safety data. Routine use of endovascular therapy is not associated with improved outcomes. The relationship between recanalization and prognosis i...
Source: Current Cardiology Reports - January 13, 2022 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Role of Monotherapy with a P2Y12 Inhibitor for Secondary Prevention in Patients with Established Atherosclerosis
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe role of monotherapy with a P2Y12 inhibitor for secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases has been assessed in several randomized trials. In this article, we summarize the evidence regarding P2Y12 monotherapy for secondary prevention in each one of the major vascular territories.Recent FindingsAvailable data including a large recent meta-analysis show no differences in terms of all-cause death, vascular death, stroke, and a minor difference of the risk of myocardial infarction with P2Y12 monotherapy as compared to dual antiplatelet therapy.SummaryOverall, mono antiplatelet therapy with asp...
Source: Current Cardiology Reports - January 13, 2022 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Transcatheter Aortic Valve Leaflet Thrombosis: Prevalence, Management, and Future Directions
AbstractPurpose of ReviewWe review the pathology, prevalence, diagnosis, hemodynamics, risk factors, prognosis, and treatment of leaflet thrombosis (LT), and suggest future directions in this field.Recent FindingsThe latest meta-analysis showed the prevalence of overall LT is 5.4% (clinical LT of 1.2% and subclinical LT of 15.1%). Either subclinical or clinical LT is not associated with risk of mortality; however, clinical LT is associated with increased risk of stroke. Although LT can be reduced by oral anticoagulation therapy (OAT), routine use of OAT as primary prevention for high-risk patients is not recommended due to...
Source: Current Cardiology Reports - November 11, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Stroke Prevention in Patients with Patent Foramen Ovale
AbstractPurpose of ReviewPatent foramen ovale (PFO) is widely prevalent and studies have suggested an association with ischemic stroke. In this review, we aim to highlight current management of patients with ischemic stroke in the setting of PFO and discuss some areas of controversy.Recent FindingsUpon reviewing the literature, we have found that the evidence regarding the management of patients with cryptogenic stroke and PFO has come a long way in the past several years, and many uncertainties remain in clinical practice. The Risk of Paradoxical Embolism (RoPE) score helps to predict the probability of a pathogenic PFO, ...
Source: Current Cardiology Reports - October 30, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Stroke Prevention in Cervical Artery Dissection
AbstractPurpose of ReviewCervical artery dissection (CAD) is rare, yet it is a common cause of stroke in young and middle-aged adults. Historically, some senior clinicians favored anticoagulation in the prevention of stroke due to CAD. Choosing the optimal antithrombotic treatment with either antiplatelet (AP) or anticoagulant (AC) medications remains a challenge. This paper will review the clinical features and imaging of CAD, and the acute treatment and prevention of stroke due to CAD.Recent FindingsUntil 2015, there were no prospective randomized trials in the optimal antithrombotic management of CAD. The Cervical Arter...
Source: Current Cardiology Reports - October 23, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Stroke Prevention After Cryptogenic Stroke
AbstractPurpose of ReviewCryptogenic stroke represents a heterogenous but clinically important collection of stroke etiologies for which our understanding continues to grow. Here, we review our current knowledge and most recent recommendations on secondary prevention for common causes of cryptogenic stroke including paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, atrial cardiopathy, patent foramen ovale, and substenotic atherosclerotic disease as well as the under-recognized mechanisms of occult malignancy, heart failure, and, most recently, infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2).Recent FindingsThe res...
Source: Current Cardiology Reports - October 16, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
