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Repeated Changes to the Gravitational Field Negatively Affect the Serum Concentration of Select Growth Factors and Cytokines
This study was carried out in accordance with the recommendations of the ethical committee of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum with written informed consent from all subjects. All subjects gave written informed consent in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. The protocol was approved by the ethical committee of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (Register-Number 5158–14). Author Contributions US, FS, LG, and AK performed the experiments. US and TR analyzed the data, created the figures, and drafted the manuscript. TW, FS, and NB designed the study. All authors revised the manuscript and approved its fina...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 16, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Increasing Upstream Chromatin Long –Range Interactions May Favor Induction of Circular RNAs in LysoPC-Activated Human Aortic Endothelial Cells
We examined the sponging potential of all significantly changed circRNAs using the CircInteractome database (Montefiori et al., 2018), recording two miRNAs with four or more predicted binding sites in a single circRNA transcript, a threshold above which meaningful sponging activity is likely to occur Memczak et al. (2013). Another four significantly changed circRNAs are experimentally shown to sponge miRNAs (Dudekula et al., 2016; Chen et al., 2017; Yan et al., 2017; Wang et al., 2018), for six total circRNAs with miRNA sponging activity including miR125, miR143, miR1272, miR153, miR515-5p, and miR196a-5p (Table 4). In Fig...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 17, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Compensation of Respiratory-Related Postural Perturbation Is Achieved by Maintenance of Head-to-Pelvis Alignment in Healthy Humans
Conclusion Extreme lung volume variations over vital capacity is associated with changes of thoracic curvature bringing it outside the normal range, which would theoretically compromise verticality. This is however fully compensated by adaptations of the cervical curvature and pelvic tilt to preserve adequate head-to-pelvis verticality and horizontal gaze alignment. Lung volume related postural perturbations increase with age, but age did not affect head-to-pelvis alignment. Future studies are needed to investigate potential postural dysfunction in chronic respiratory diseases that induce changes of lung volume or chest g...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 23, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Atrial Transcriptional Profiles of Molecular Targets Mediating Electrophysiological Function in Aging and Pgc-1 β Deficient Murine Hearts
Conclusion: These findings limit the possible roles of gene transcriptional changes in previously reported age-dependent pro-arrhythmic electrophysiologial changes observed in Pgc-1β-/- atria to an altered Ca2+-ATPase (Atp2a2) expression. This directly parallels previously reported arrhythmic mechanism associated with p21-activated kinase type 1 deficiency. This could add to contributions from the direct physiological outcomes of mitochondrial dysfunction, whether through reactive oxygen species (ROS) production or altered Ca2+ homeostasis. Introduction Atrial arrhythmias constitute a major public health pro...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 23, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Impaired Activity of Ryanodine Receptors Contributes to Calcium Mishandling in Cardiomyocytes of Metabolic Syndrome Rats
Conclusion Principal findings of this work are that abnormal Ca2+ transient amplitude, contractile dysfunction; and impaired relaxation of MetS cardiomyocytes underlies intrinsic dysfunctional RyR2 and SERCA pump. Abnormal activity of RyRs was evidenced by its decreased ability to bind [3H]-ryanodine. Although the MetS condition does not modify RyR2 protein expression, its phosphorylation at Ser2814 is decreased, which impairs its capacity for activation during ECC. The dysfunctional RyRs, together with a decreased activity of SERCA pump due to decreased Thr17-PLN phosphorylation suggest a downregulation of CaMKII in MetS...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 29, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Preeclampsia: Linking Placental Ischemia with Maternal Endothelial and Vascular Dysfunction.
This article aims to discuss the current understanding of the diagnosis and pathophysiology of PE, as well as associated organ damage, maternal and fetal outcomes, and potential therapeutic avenues. © 2021 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 11:1315-1349, 2021. PMID: 33295016 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Comprehensive Physiology - December 11, 2020 Category: Physiology Tags: Compr Physiol Source Type: research

Physiology of Human Hemorrhage and Compensation.
Authors: Convertino VA, Koons NJ, Suresh MR Abstract Hemorrhage is a leading cause of death following traumatic injuries in the United States. Much of the previous work in assessing the physiology and pathophysiology underlying blood loss has focused on descriptive measures of hemodynamic responses such as blood pressure, cardiac output, stroke volume, heart rate, and vascular resistance as indicators of changes in organ perfusion. More recent work has shifted the focus toward understanding mechanisms of compensation for reduced systemic delivery and cellular utilization of oxygen as a more comprehensive approach t...
Source: Comprehensive Physiology - February 13, 2021 Category: Physiology Tags: Compr Physiol Source Type: research

Pregnancy-Associated Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy Hospitalizations in the United States
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2023 Jul 7. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00262.2023. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTTakotsubo cardiomyopathy (TCM) is most common in postmenopausal women aged ≥ 50 years but also affects pregnant individuals. However, there are no national estimates on the prevalence, timing of occurrence, correlates, and outcomes of Pregnancy-associated TCM. Using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS: 2016-2020), we describe rates of pregnancy-associated TCM hospitalizations among 13 - 49 years old pregnant individuals in the United States by selected demographic, behavioral, hospital, and clinical characteristi...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology - July 7, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Mulubrhan F Mogos Soojung Ahn James M Muchira Sarah Osmundson Mariann R Piano Source Type: research

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