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When does life end? New organ donation strategy fuels debate
On a chilly holiday Monday in January 2020, a medical milestone passed largely unnoticed. In a New York City operating room, surgeons gently removed the heart from a 43-year-old man who had died and shuttled it steps away to a patient in desperate need of a new one. More than 3500 people in the United States receive a new heart each year. But this case was different—the first of its kind in the country. “It took us 6 months to prepare,” says Nader Moazami, surgical head of heart transplantation at New York University (NYU) Langone Health, where the operation took place. The run-up included oversight from an ethi...
Source: ScienceNOW - May 11, 2023 Category: Science Source Type: news

CO33 Methodological Challenges and Considerations for Decision Makers When Assessing within-Class Comparative Effectiveness and Cost-Effectiveness: The Case of Non-Vitamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulants
The United Kingdom National Institute of Health Care Excellence (NICE) published a draft clinical guideline for consultation on anticoagulation therapy for stroke prevention in individuals with atrial fibrillation in September 2020 that addressed which non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant (NOAC) therapy (apixaban, dabigatran, rivaroxaban, edoxaban) is most clinically and cost-effective. We aimed to elucidate methodological considerations and challenges involved in evaluating the comparative effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of within-class treatments for the  purpose of decision making by a reimbursement authority.
Source: Value in Health - June 26, 2022 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Authors: A Briggs, A Howarth, S Davies, J Schneider, G Spentzouris, F Mughal, A Fuat, M Fay Source Type: research

Long Covid is a ‘national crisis.’ So why are grants taking so long to get?
Some content has been removed for formatting reasons. Please view the original article for the best reading experience. David Putrino, a neurophysiologist at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, labored through his holiday last Christmas to write a grant application for urgently needed Long Covid research. With colleagues, he hoped to tap into $1.15 billion in funding that Congress granted the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in 2020, as Long Covid emerged as a major public health problem. NIH had solicited grant applications in December 2021, just weeks before their January due date. The agency said it pla...
Source: Science of Aging Knowledge Environment - June 10, 2022 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research

Study Shows Air Pollution Reduces Benefits of Exercise on the Brain
This study shows that air pollution is associated with worse brain health, including white matter lesions, which are linked with increased risk of stroke and neurodegenerative disease, " said  Melissa Furlong, an assistant professor in the  University of Arizona Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health. " We observed that the benefits of physical activity on white matter lesions in the brain significantly diminished as air pollution increased, so that there was no benefit of physical activity on these white matter lesions for people in areas with the highest levels of air pollution. This new analysis underscores t...
Source: The University of Arizona: Health - December 9, 2021 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: mittank Source Type: research

Incidence and prevalence of dementia associated with transient ischaemic attack and stroke: analysis of the population-based Oxford Vascular Study
Publication date: March 2019Source: The Lancet Neurology, Volume 18, Issue 3Author(s): Sarah T Pendlebury, Peter M Rothwell, Oxford Vascular StudySummaryBackgroundRisk of dementia after stroke is a major concern for patients and carers. Reliable data for risk of dementia, particularly after transient ischaemic attack or minor stroke, are scarce. We studied the risks of, and risk factors for, dementia before and after transient ischaemic attack and stroke.MethodsThe Oxford Vascular Study is a prospective incidence study of all vascular events in a population of 92 728 people residing in Oxfordshire, UK. Patients with tran...
Source: The Lancet Neurology - February 14, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Sex-specific relevance of diabetes to occlusive vascular and other mortality: a collaborative meta-analysis of individual data from 980 793 adults from 68 prospective studies
Publication date: July 2018Source: The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology, Volume 6, Issue 7Author(s): L Gnatiuc, WG Herrington, J Halsey, J Tuomilehto, X Fang, HC Kim, D De Bacquer, AJ Dobson, MH Criqui, DR Jacobs, DA Leon, SAE Peters, H Ueshima, P Sherliker, R Peto, R Collins, RR Huxley, JR Emberson, M Woodward, S LewingtonSummaryBackgroundSeveral studies have shown that diabetes confers a higher relative risk of vascular mortality among women than among men, but whether this increased relative risk in women exists across age groups and within defined levels of other risk factors is uncertain. We aimed to determine whether ...
Source: The Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology - July 10, 2018 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Sex-specific relevance of diabetes to occlusive vascular and other mortality: a collaborative meta-analysis of individual data from 980  793 adults from 68 prospective studies
Publication date: Available online 8 May 2018 Source:The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology Author(s): Prospective Studies Collaboration and Asia Pacific Cohort Studies CollaborationLGnatiucWGHerringtonJHalseyJTuomilehtoXFangHCKimDDe BacquerAJDobsonMHCriquiDRJacobsJrDALeonSAEPetersHUeshimaPSherlikerRPetoRCollinsRRHuxleyJREmbersonMWoodwardSLewingtonNAokiHArimaEArnesenAAromaaGAssmannDLBachmanCBaigentHBartholomewABenetosCBengtssonDBennettCBjörkelundHBlackburnKBonaaEBoyleRBroadhurstJCarstensenLChamblessZChenSKChewRClarkeCCoxJDCurbRD'AgostinoCDateGDavey SmithGDe BackerSSDhaliwalXFDuanPDucimetiereSDuffyHEliassenPElwoodJEm...
Source: The Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology - May 9, 2018 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Antiplatelet therapy with aspirin, clopidogrel, and dipyridamole versus clopidogrel alone or aspirin and dipyridamole in patients with acute cerebral ischaemia (TARDIS): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 superiority trial
Publication date: Available online 20 December 2017 Source:The Lancet Author(s): Philip M Bath, Lisa J Woodhouse, Jason P Appleton, Maia Beridze, Hanne Christensen, Robert A Dineen, Lelia Duley, Timothy J England, Katie Flaherty, Diane Havard, Stan Heptinstall, Marilyn James, Kailash Krishnan, Hugh S Markus, Alan A Montgomery, Stuart J Pocock, Marc Randall, Annemarei Ranta, Thompson G Robinson, Polly Scutt, Graham S Venables, Nikola Sprigg Background Intensive antiplatelet therapy with three agents might be more effective than guideline treatment for preventing recurrent events in patients with acute cerebral ischaemia. W...
Source: The Lancet - December 21, 2017 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Identification of novel risk loci for restless legs syndrome in genome-wide association studies in individuals of European ancestry: a meta-analysis
Publication date: November 2017 Source:The Lancet Neurology, Volume 16, Issue 11 Author(s): Barbara Schormair, Chen Zhao, Steven Bell, Erik Tilch, Aaro V Salminen, Benno Pütz, Yves Dauvilliers, Ambra Stefani, Birgit Högl, Werner Poewe, David Kemlink, Karel Sonka, Cornelius G Bachmann, Walter Paulus, Claudia Trenkwalder, Wolfgang H Oertel, Magdolna Hornyak, Maris Teder-Laving, Andres Metspalu, Georgios M Hadjigeorgiou, Olli Polo, Ingo Fietze, Owen A Ross, Zbigniew Wszolek, Adam S Butterworth, Nicole Soranzo, Willem H Ouwehand, David J Roberts, John Danesh, Richard P Allen, Christopher J Earley, William G Ondo, Lan Xiong,...
Source: The Lancet Neurology - October 11, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research