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Risk factors for ischemic cerebral stroke in patient with acute amaurosis fugax
CONCLUSION: Ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction were diagnosed in 0.3%-0.9% of hospitalized acute AF cases. Presence of hypercoagulable state, systemic vasculitis, CAD, and atherosclerosis each individually increased the risk of ischemic stroke by more than 3-fold; patients with these risk factors and acute AF should be closely monitored for developing acute systemic thrombotic events.PMID:36368408 | DOI:10.1016/j.jcjo.2022.10.010
Source: Canadian Journal of Ophthalmology - November 11, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Tony Y Chen Aditya Uppuluri Owais Aftab Marco Zarbin Nathan Agi Neelakshi Bhagat Source Type: research

Central retinal artery occlusion: a retrospective study of disease presentation, treatment, and outcomes
CONCLUSIONS: The majority of patients with CRAO presented to eye care providers, and few present within the potential window for thrombolysis of 4.5 hours, highlighting the need for public awareness strategies. Our cohort highlights the significant rate of systemic comorbidity that exists in these patients.PMID:35307340 | DOI:10.1016/j.jcjo.2022.02.015
Source: Canadian Journal of Ophthalmology - March 21, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Meghan J Smith Matthew D Benson Matthew Tennant Imran Jivraj Source Type: research

Janssen Submits New Drug Application to U.S. FDA for XARELTO ® (rivaroxaban) to Help Prevent and Treat Blood Clots in Pediatric Patients
RARITAN, NJ, June 23, 2021 – The Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson announced today it has submitted a New Drug Application (NDA) to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the use of XARELTO® (rivaroxaban) in pediatric patients. The NDA seeks two pediatric indications: treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE, or blood clots) and reduction in the risk of recurrent VTE in patients aged birth to less than 18 years of age after at least five days of initial parenteral anticoagulant treatment; and thromboprophylaxis (prevention of blood clots) in patients aged 2 years and older with congenita...
Source: Johnson and Johnson - June 23, 2021 Category: Pharmaceuticals Tags: Innovation Source Type: news

Genetics of hyperhomocysteinemia and 1-carbon metabolism: implications for retinal structure and eye functions.
Abstract Homocysteine (Hcy); a sulfur-containing non-proteinogenic amino acid is generated as a metabolic intermediate. Hcy constitutes an important part of the "1-carbon metabolism" during methionine turnover. Elevated levels of Hcy known as hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) results from vitamin B deficiency, lack of exercise, smoking, excessive alcohol intake, high fat and methionine rich diet, and the underlying genetic defects. These factors directly affect the "1-carbon metabolism (methionine-Hcy-folate)" of a given cell. In fact, the Hcy levels are determined primarily by dietary intake, vitamin status, and the ge...
Source: Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology - July 31, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: George AK, Majumder A, Ice H, Homme RP, Eyob W, Tyagi SC, Singh M Tags: Can J Physiol Pharmacol Source Type: research

Reduction of Leukocyte Microvascular Adherence and Preservation of Blood-Brain Barrier Function by Superoxide-Lowering Therapies in a Piglet Model of Neonatal Asphyxia
Conclusion: Using three different strategies to either prevent formation or enhance elimination of O2⋅_ during the post-asphyxial period, we saw both reduced leukocyte adherence and preserved BBB function with treatment. These findings suggest that agents which lower O2⋅_ in brain may be attractive new therapeutic interventions for the protection of the neonatal brain following asphyxia. Introduction Asphyxia is a relatively common source of neonatal brain damage (1), affecting ~2 in every 1,000 births (2). The hypoxic ischemia resulting from this oxygen deprivation can produ...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 30, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Atrial Transcriptional Profiles of Molecular Targets Mediating Electrophysiological Function in Aging and Pgc-1 β Deficient Murine Hearts
Conclusion: These findings limit the possible roles of gene transcriptional changes in previously reported age-dependent pro-arrhythmic electrophysiologial changes observed in Pgc-1β-/- atria to an altered Ca2+-ATPase (Atp2a2) expression. This directly parallels previously reported arrhythmic mechanism associated with p21-activated kinase type 1 deficiency. This could add to contributions from the direct physiological outcomes of mitochondrial dysfunction, whether through reactive oxygen species (ROS) production or altered Ca2+ homeostasis. Introduction Atrial arrhythmias constitute a major public health pro...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 23, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Long-term outcomes in a series of idiopathic retinal vasculitis, aneurysms, and neuroretinitis (IRVAN) syndrome.
CONCLUSION: IRVAN is an important diagnosis for clinicians to recognize. When treated in a timely manner, long-term visual outcomes can be favourable. PMID: 30340706 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Canadian Journal of Ophthalmology - October 1, 2018 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Massicotte E, Hassanaly S, Bélair ML, Oliver K, Fortin E Tags: Can J Ophthalmol Source Type: research

Retinal detachment and microangiopathy in mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes syndrome.
PMID: 29217043 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Canadian Journal of Ophthalmology - December 1, 2017 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Sultan H, Kellogg C, El-Annan J Tags: Can J Ophthalmol Source Type: research