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Cardiovascular disease and use of contemporary protease inhibitors: the D:A:D international prospective multicohort study
Publication date: June 2018Source: The Lancet HIV, Volume 5, Issue 6Author(s): Lene Ryom, Jens D Lundgren, Wafaa El-Sadr, Peter Reiss, Ole Kirk, Matthew Law, Andrew Phillips, Rainer Weber, Eric Fontas, Antonella d' Arminio Monforte, Stéphane De Wit, Francois Dabis, Camilla I Hatleberg, Caroline Sabin, Amanda Mocroft, D:A:D study groupSummaryBackgroundAlthough earlier protease inhibitors have been associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease, whether this increased risk also applies to more contemporary protease inhibitors is unknown. We aimed to assess whether cumulative use of ritonavir-boosted atazanavir and...
Source: The Lancet HIV - July 10, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Assessment of functional capacity before major non-cardiac surgery: an international, prospective cohort study
Publication date: 30 June–6 July 2018Source: The Lancet, Volume 391, Issue 10140Author(s): Duminda N Wijeysundera, Rupert M Pearse, Mark A Shulman, Tom E F Abbott, Elizabeth Torres, Althea Ambosta, Bernard L Croal, John T Granton, Kevin E Thorpe, Michael P W Grocott, Catherine Farrington, Paul S Myles, Brian H Cuthbertson, Sophie Wallace, Bruce Thompson, Mathew Ellis, Brigette Borg, Ross K Kerridge, Jeanene Douglas, John BrannanSummaryBackgroundFunctional capacity is an important component of risk assessment for major surgery. Doctors' clinical subjective assessment of patients' functional capacity has uncertain accuracy...
Source: The Lancet - July 10, 2018 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Nurse-staffing level and quality of acute care services: Evidence from cross-national panel data analysis in OECD countries
ConclusionA higher proportion of nurses-staffing level is associated with better performance of acute care services in OECD countries. Also, the nursing characteristics of Sweden, Denmark, Canada, Netherlands, Finland, Switzerland, Australia and United States would be good patterns for other countries to maximize nursing outcomes in the care of patients with acute and life-threatening conditions by reducing the risk of complication, mortality and adverse clinical outcomes.
Source: International Journal of Nursing Sciences - December 5, 2018 Category: Nursing Source Type: research

Readmissions following hospitalisations for cardiovascular disease: a scoping review of the Australian literature.
ConclusionsHigh rates of readmissions are reported for cardiovascular conditions, although substantial methodological heterogeneity exists among studies. Nationally standardised definitions are required to accurately measure readmissions and further studies are needed to address knowledge gaps and test interventions to lower readmissions in Australia.What is known about the topic?International studies suggest readmissions are common following cardiovascular hospitalisations and are costly to the health system, yet little is known about the burden of readmission in the Australian setting or the effectiveness of intervention...
Source: Australian Health Review - February 20, 2019 Category: Hospital Management Authors: Labrosciano C, Air T, Tavella R, Beltrame JF, Ranasinghe I Tags: Aust Health Rev Source Type: research

Cardiovascular Programming During and After Diabetic Pregnancy: Role of Placental Dysfunction and IUGR
This study demonstrated that the incidence of ischemic heart disease and death were three times higher among men with low birth weight compared to men with high birth weight (5). Epidemiological investigations of adults born at the time of the Dutch famine between 1944 and 1945 revealed an association between maternal starvation and a low infant birth weight with a high incidence of hypertension and coronary heart disease in these adults (23). Furthermore, Painter et al. reported the incidence of early onset coronary heart disease among persons conceived during the Dutch famine (24). In that regard, Barker's findin...
Source: Frontiers in Endocrinology - April 8, 2019 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Comprehensive comparative effectiveness and safety of first-line antihypertensive drug classes: a systematic, multinational, large-scale analysis
Publication date: Available online 24 October 2019Source: The LancetAuthor(s): Marc A Suchard, Martijn J Schuemie, Harlan M Krumholz, Seng Chan You, RuiJun Chen, Nicole Pratt, Christian G Reich, Jon Duke, David Madigan, George Hripcsak, Patrick B RyanSummaryBackgroundUncertainty remains about the optimal monotherapy for hypertension, with current guidelines recommending any primary agent among the first-line drug classes thiazide or thiazide-like diuretics, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers, and non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers, in ...
Source: The Lancet - October 26, 2019 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Clinical features, sex differences and outcomes of myocardial infarction with nonobstructive coronary arteries: a registry analysis
Conclusion The incidence of MINOCA was 9.5%. Compared to OACD-MI, patients with MINOCA have less cardiac risk factors. In-hospital outcomes of patients diagnosed with MINOCA were better than OACD-MI.
Source: Coronary Artery Disease - December 23, 2020 Category: Cardiology Tags: Acute Coronary Syndromes Source Type: research

Projecting the Health and Economic Burden of Cardiovascular Disease Among People with Type 2 Diabetes, 2022 –2031
ConclusionsCVD in people with type 2 diabetes will substantially impact the Australian healthcare system and society over the next decade. Future work to investigate different strategies to optimize the control of risk factors for the prevention and treatment of CVD in type 2 diabetes in Australia is warranted.
Source: PharmacoEconomics - March 21, 2023 Category: Health Management Source Type: research

Statins for extension of disability-free survival and primary prevention of cardiovascular events among older people: protocol for a randomised controlled trial in primary care (STAREE trial)
Introduction The world is undergoing a demographic transition to an older population. Preventive healthcare has reduced the burden of chronic illness at younger ages but there is limited evidence that these advances can improve health at older ages. Statins are one class of drug with the potential to prevent or delay the onset of several causes of incapacity in older age, particularly major cardiovascular disease (CVD). This paper presents the protocol for the STAtins in Reducing Events in the Elderly (STAREE) trial, a randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial examining the effects of statins in community dwelling o...
Source: BMJ Open - April 3, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Zoungas, S., Curtis, A., Spark, S., Wolfe, R., McNeil, J. J., Beilin, L., Chong, T. T.-J., Cloud, G., Hopper, I., Kost, A., Nelson, M., Nicholls, S. J., Reid, C. M., Ryan, J., Tonkin, A., Ward, S. A., Wierzbicki, A., On behalf of STAREE investigator group Tags: Open access, Cardiovascular medicine Source Type: research

Risk of hospital admission or emergency department presentation due to diabetes complications: a retrospective cohort study in Tasmania, Australia
ConclusionsOur results demonstrated the high demand on hospital services due to diabetes complications (especially macrovascular complications) and highlighted the importance of preventing and properly managing microvascular complications. These findings will support future resource allocation to reduce the increasing burden of diabetes in Australia.PMID:37137728 | DOI:10.1071/AH22271
Source: Australian Health Review - May 3, 2023 Category: Hospital Management Authors: Ngan T T Dinh Barbara de Graaff Julie A Campbell Matthew D Jose John Burgess Timothy Saunder Alex Kitsos Petr Otahal Andrew J Palmer Source Type: research

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