Filtered By:
Specialty: Allergy & Immunology
Condition: Thrombosis

This page shows you your search results in order of relevance.

Order by Relevance | Date

Total 61 results found since Jan 2013.

Short Chain Fatty Acids Taken at Time of Thrombectomy in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients Are Independent of Stroke Severity But Associated With Inflammatory Markers and Worse Symptoms at Discharge
ConclusionsPlasma SCFA concentrations taken at time of stroke are not associated with stroke severity at presentation. However, higher levels of SCFAs at the time of stroke are associated with increased markers of inflammation, less recovery from admission to discharge, and worse symptom burden at discharge.
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - January 19, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Targeting Protects Against Ischemic Damage After Fibrin-Rich Thrombotic Stroke Despite Non-Reperfusion
Stroke is one of the most prevalent diseases worldwide caused primarily by a thrombotic vascular occlusion that leads to cell death. To date, t-PA (tissue-type plasminogen activator) is the only thrombolytic therapy approved which targets fibrin as the main component of ischemic stroke thrombi. However, due to its highly restrictive criteria, t-PA is only administrated to less than 10% of all stroke patients. Furthermore, the research in neuroprotective agents has been extensive with no translational results from medical research to clinical practice up to now. Since we first described the key role of NETs (Neutrophil Ext...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - February 16, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Peripheral Organ Injury After Stroke
This article reviews the pathophysiological mechanism, clinical manifestations and treatment of peripheral organ injury after stroke.
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - June 1, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Thrombosis, Neuroinflammation, and Poststroke Infection: The Multifaceted Role of Neutrophils in Stroke.
Authors: Ruhnau J, Schulze J, Dressel A, Vogelgesang A Abstract Immune cells can significantly predict and affect the clinical outcome of stroke. In particular, the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio was shown to predict hemorrhagic transformation and the clinical outcome of stroke; however, the immunological mechanisms underlying these effects are poorly understood. Neutrophils are the first cells to invade injured tissue following focal brain ischemia. In these conditions, their proinflammatory properties enhance tissue damage and may promote ischemic incidences by inducing thrombus formation. Therefore, they constit...
Source: Journal of Immunology Research - March 24, 2017 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: J Immunol Res Source Type: research

Systemic immune responses after ischemic stroke: From the center to the periphery
Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of disability and death. It imposes a heavy economic burden on individuals, families and society. The mortality rate of ischemic stroke has decreased with the help of thrombolytic drug therapy and intravascular intervention. However, the nerve damage caused by ischemia-reperfusion is long-lasting and followed by multiple organ dysfunction. In this process, the immune responses manifested by systemic inflammatory responses play an important role. It begins with neuroinflammation following ischemic stroke. The large number of inflammatory cells released after activation of immune cells in t...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - September 20, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Inhibition of hypoxia inducible factor 1 by YC-1 attenuates tissue plasminogen activator induced hemorrhagic transformation by suppressing HMGB1/TLR4/NF- κB mediated neutrophil infiltration in thromboembolic stroke rats
Int Immunopharmacol. 2021 Feb 28;94:107507. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107507. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTHemorrhagic transformation (HT) is a frequent complication of ischemic stroke after thrombolytic therapy and seriously affects the prognosis of stroke. Due to the limited therapeutic window and hemorrhagic complications, tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) is underutilized in acute ischemic stroke. Currently, there are no clinically effective drugs to decrease the incidence of t-PA-induced HT. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) is an important transcription factor that maintains oxygen homeostasis and mediates neuro...
Source: International Immunopharmacology - March 3, 2021 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Linglei Kong Yinzhong Ma Zhiyuan Wang Nannan Liu Guodong Ma Chengdi Liu Ruili Shi Guanhua Du Source Type: research

Insights Into Immunothrombotic Mechanisms in Acute Stroke due to Vaccine-Induced Immune Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia
In conclusion, insufficient resolution of NETs, e.g. by endogenous DNases or protection of NETs against degradation by embedded factors like the antimicrobial peptide LL-37 might thus be an important factor in the pathology of VITT besides increased NET-formation. On the basis of these findings, we discuss the potential implications of the mechanisms of disturbed NETs-degradation for diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in VITT-related thrombogenesis, other auto-immune disorders and beyond.
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - May 10, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Hirudin alleviates acute ischemic stroke by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated neuroinflammation: In vivo and in vitro approaches
In this study, hirudin with a dose of 10-40 mg/kg was given to middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion mice. Hirudin markedly constrained cerebral infarct area in a dose-dependent manner, and significantly improved locomotor disability at 40 mg/kg dose. Similar to MCC950, a selective NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor, hirudin inhibited M1 polarization and promoted M2 polarization. It also strikingly suppressed the ischemia-induced overexpression of NLRP3 and its downstream components, caspase-1, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein (ASC), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β). Hirudin and MCC950 equivalently protected viability ...
Source: International Immunopharmacology - June 20, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Wen-Qi Li Zong-Shi Qin Shuang Chen Dan Cheng Si-Chang Yang Yuen Man Mandy Choi Buggic Chu Wei-Hai Zhou Zhang-Jin Zhang Source Type: research

Neuroinflammatory responses in experimental and human stroke lesions
Neuroinflammation has been suggested as an attractive treatment target in stroke, since it offers a broader therapeutic window in comparison to currently established thrombolytic approaches. Inflammatory cells of both the innate and the adaptive immune system have been identified in experimental as well as human stroke lesions. In animal models, various therapeutic strategies targeting neuroinflammation have shown beneficial effects, however, translation to human disease has so far been disappointing.
Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology - July 6, 2018 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Isabella Wimmer, Tobias Zrzavy, Hans Lassmann Tags: Review Source Type: research

Interferon-beta confers protective effects against ischemic stroke through its anti-inflammatory properties
Stroke is a leading cause of death in the world. In over 80% of strokes the initial acute phase of ischemic injury is due to the occlusion of a blood vessel resulting in severer focal hypoperfusion, excitotoxicity and oxidative damage. The inflammatory response which characterizes the sub-acute phase of ischemia is initiated by resident microglia (MG) and peripheral immune cells infiltrating into the region surrounding the infarct core and leading to secondary neurodegeneration. Current clinical therapies using thrombolytic and anti-platelet agents are limited by temporal restrictions and do not prevent the secondary, infl...
Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology - October 15, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Ping-chang Kuo, Barbara Scofield, Tags: 301 Source Type: research

von Willebrand Factor and Platelet Glycoprotein Ib: A Thromboinflammatory Axis in Stroke
von Willebrand factor (VWF) and platelets are key mediators of normal hemostasis. At sites of vascular injury, VWF recruits platelets via binding to the platelet receptor glycoprotein Ibα (GPIbα). Over the past decades, it has become clear that many hemostatic factors, including VWF and platelets, are also involved in inflammatory processes, forming intriguing links between hemostasis, thrombosis, and inflammation. The so-called “thrombo-inflammatory” nature of the VWF-platelet axis becomes increasingly recognized in different cardiovascular pathologies, making it a potential therapeutic target to interfere with both...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - December 16, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Neuroinflammatory Triangle Presenting Novel Pharmacological Targets for Ischemic Brain Injury
Ischemic stroke is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality globally. Hundreds of clinical trials have proven ineffective in bringing forth a definitive and effective treatment for ischemic stroke, except a myopic class of thrombolytic drugs. That, too, has little to do with treating long-term post-stroke disabilities. These studies proposed diverse options to treat stroke, ranging from neurotropic interpolation to venting antioxidant activity, from blocking specific receptors to obstructing functional capacity of ion channels, and more recently the utilization of neuroprotective substances. However, state of t...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - October 7, 2021 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Platelets as Modulators of Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury
Ischemic stroke is among the leading causes of disability and death worldwide. In acute ischemic stroke, the rapid recanalization of occluded cranial vessels is the primary therapeutic aim. However, experimental data (obtained using mostly the transient middle cerebral artery occlusion model) indicates that progressive stroke can still develop despite successful recanalization, a process termed “reperfusion injury.” Mounting experimental evidence suggests that platelets and T cells contribute to cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, and ischemic stroke is increasingly considered a thrombo-inflammatory disease. The inte...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - October 31, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research