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Cryptogenic stroke
In about a quarter of ischaemic strokes the cause is undetermined, because the investigation is incomplete or delayed, because there are multiple causes or because the stroke is truly cryptogenic. Cryptogenic stroke can be further classified as non‐embolic or embolic. Embolic stroke of undetermined source can be due to paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, minor emboligenic cardiac conditions, atheroembolism, cancer associated and paradoxical embolism through a patent foramen ovale (PFO) or less often a pulmonary fistula. Currently, risk factor control, statins and antiplatelets are the main therapeutic measures to prevent rec...
Source: European Journal of Neurology - January 18, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: A. C. Fonseca, J. M. Ferro Tags: Invited Review Source Type: research

Ischemic stroke in a patient with Parry-Romberg syndrome (P4.064)
Conclusions:The only other reported patient with PRS and stroke was also found to have a PFO. It is possible that the elevated ANA seen in this patient correlates with propensity towards small venous clots not seen on ultrasound. This may lead to paradoxical emboli and ischemic strokes. It is important to note this potential association between PRS and ischemic stroke in young patients without other known risk factors. It would be worthwhile to treat this subset of patients with medications for secondary stroke prevention.Disclosure: Dr. Ebiana has nothing to disclose. Dr. Singh has nothing to disclose. Dr. Khosa has nothi...
Source: Neurology - April 17, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Ebiana, V., Singh, S., Khosa, S., Moheb, N., Trikamji, B., Rao, N., Mishra, S. Tags: General Neurology: Vascular Neurology Source Type: research

Value of Eye Movement Exam in Aiding Precise Localization in Stroke (P1.016)
We present an unusual presentation of midbrain stroke presenting with bilateral ptosis in an African American male with vascular risk factors and concurrent use of bevacizumab. This case illustrates how detailed knowledge of anatomy and detailed neurologic exam remain valuable tools for localizing and diagnosing subtle presentations of common neurologic disease. Case description: A 69 year-old African American man with vascular risk factors including hypertension, hyperlipidemia and poorly controlled diabetes experienced sudden onset horizontal diplopia associated with fatigue. The patient presented to the Emergency Depart...
Source: Neurology - April 8, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Khandker, N., Schmerler, D., Mahajan, S., Serra, A., Strbian, D. Tags: Cerebrovascular Disease and Interventional Neurology I ePosters Source Type: research

Cerebral Infarction in a Case of Parry-Romberg Syndrome
Our objective is to report a rare coexistence of Parry-Romberg disease and ischemic stroke. Here, we report the case of a 34-year-old woman with Parry-Romberg syndrome who developed cerebral infarction. This patient developed sudden left-sided weakness and was admitted to our hospital. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed acute cerebral infarction in the posterior limb of the right internal capsule. The patient had been diagnosed with Parry-Romberg syndrome at the age of 12, and she had a history of migraine without aura. Transesophageal echocardiography revealed a patent foramen ovale, but no atrial septal aneurysm or deep...
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - May 9, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Yuji Tomizawa, Ryota Tanaka, Kiyoshi Sekiguchi, Yutaka Oji, Yasutaka Tanaka, Kazuo Yamashiro, Nobutaka Hattori Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research

Autism in the Son of a Woman with Mitochondrial Myopathy and Dysautonomia: A Case Report
Conclusion Given emerging evidence that mitochondrial dysfunction, particularly in the electron transport chain needed for cellular energy production, is an underlying pathophysiological mechanism for some varieties of ASD, clinicians should have a high index of suspicion for mitochondrial disease, especially when they encounter a patient with unusual neurological or constitutional symptoms. The prevalence of mitochondrial disease in ASD patients may be as high as five percent, which means that it is not the “zebra”[27] diagnosis that it might be in a non-ASD patient, where prevalence is about 0.01 percent.10 Reference...
Source: Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience - October 9, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: ICN Online Editor Tags: Anxiety Disorders Asperger's syndrome Autism Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology Case Report Current Issue Intellectual Disability Neurologic Systems and Symptoms Pervasive Developmental Disorders ASD autism spectrum disorder dysauton Source Type: research