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Stroke Prevention After Cryptogenic Stroke
AbstractPurpose of ReviewCryptogenic stroke represents a heterogenous but clinically important collection of stroke etiologies for which our understanding continues to grow. Here, we review our current knowledge and most recent recommendations on secondary prevention for common causes of cryptogenic stroke including paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, atrial cardiopathy, patent foramen ovale, and substenotic atherosclerotic disease as well as the under-recognized mechanisms of occult malignancy, heart failure, and, most recently, infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2).Recent FindingsThe res...
Source: Current Cardiology Reports - October 16, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Stroke and presence of patent foramen ovale in sickle cell disease
AbstractSickle cell disease (SCD) is an inherited monogenic hemoglobinopathy characterized by formation of sickle erythrocytes under conditions of deoxygenation. Sickle erythrocytes can lead to thrombus formation and vaso-occlusive episodes that may result in hemolytic anemia, pain crisis and multiple organ damage. Moreover, SCD is characterized by endothelial damage, increased inflammatory response, platelet activation and aggravation, and activation of both the intrinsic and the extrinsic coagulation pathways. Cerebrovascular events constitute an important clinical complication of SCD. Children with SCD have a 300-fold h...
Source: Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis - February 26, 2021 Category: Hematology Source Type: research

Patent Foramen Ovale-associated Stroke and COVID-19 Vaccination
Case –control studies have shown an association between patent foramen ovale (PFO) and cryptogenic stroke, which was observed particularly in patients younger than 55 years without conventional risk factors. The role of PFO closure in preventing stroke recurrence had been uncertain for many years, unt il four randomised clinical trials in 2017 and 2018 unequivocally demonstrated a benefit, with the number needed t...
Source: Radcliffe Cardiology - April 5, 2023 Category: Cardiology Authors: c242508f1d9059bc0f2aa9bdd5421ba2 Source Type: research

Patent Foramen Ovale related cryptogenic stroke during COVID-19 disease in three patients: a case series
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), termed COVID-19, first detected in Whuan, was officially declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization on March 11, 2020. The epidemic of COVID-19 has rapidly spread worldwide. Italy was the first European country to be affected and, currently, Italy has reported 4,343,397 COVID-19-positive cases (1).
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - September 13, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Daniela Palleri, Marta Guidarini, Elisabetta Mariucci, Anna Balducci, Gabriele Egidy Assenza, Susanna Esposito, Andrea Donti Source Type: research

Unexplained arterial thrombosis: approach to diagnosis and treatment
We present a structured approach to diagnosis with consideration of common causes, including atherosclerosis and embolism, as well as uncommon causes, including medications and substances, vascular and anatomic abnormalities, systemic disorders, and thrombophilias. We highlight areas of management that have evolved within the past 5 years, including the use of dual-pathway inhibition in atherosclerotic disease, antithrombotic therapy selection in embolic stroke of undetermined source and left ventricular thrombus, the role of closure of patent foramen ovale for secondary stroke prevention, and the thrombotic potential of c...
Source: Atherosclerosis - December 10, 2021 Category: Cardiology Authors: Jori E May Stephan Moll Source Type: research

NobleStitch PFO Closure for Recurrent Strokes in a Patient on ECMO with COVID-19
Severe hypoxemia secondary to SARS-COV-2 (COVID-19) pneumonia is a significant contributor to morbidity and mortality.1 Patent foramen ovales (PFOs) can exacerbate hypoxemia through an intracardiac shunt, slowing recovery and worsening outcomes.2-4 Cryptogenic stroke is a complication commonly associated with PFOs; however, current guidelines do not address PFO management in COVID-19 patients who experience recurrent paradoxical emboli, especially in the setting of COVID-19 pneumonia, increased right-sided pressures, and a hypercoagulable state.
Source: Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia - October 18, 2022 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Perry A. Stout, Nika Samadzadeh Tabrizi, Matt Tribble, Tanya Richvalsky, Cindy Youn, Brion Winston, Alexander D. Shapeton, Sridhar R. Musuku Tags: Case Report Source Type: research

NobleStitch Patent Foramen Ovales Closure for Recurrent Strokes in a Patient with COVID-19 on Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
SEVERE HYPOXEMIA, secondary to the SARS-COV-2 (COVID-19) pneumonia, is a significant contributor to morbidity and mortality.1 Patent foramen ovales (PFOs) can exacerbate hypoxemia through an intracardiac shunt, slowing recovery and worsening outcomes.2-4 Cryptogenic stroke is a complication commonly associated with PFOs; however, current guidelines do not address PFO management in COVID-19 patients who experience recurrent paradoxical emboli, especially in the setting of COVID-19 pneumonia, increased right-sided pressures, and a hypercoagulable state.
Source: Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia - October 18, 2022 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Perry A. Stout, Nika Samadzadeh Tabrizi, Matt Tribble, Tanya Richvalsky, Cindy Youn, Brion Winston MD, Alexander D. Shapeton, Sridhar R. Musuku Tags: Case Report Source Type: research