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Correlation Between Intracranial Arterial Calcification and Imaging of Cerebral Small Vessel Disease
Conclusion: Intracranial artery calcification is common in patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease and the intracranial carotid artery is most frequently affected. Intracranial arterial calcifications might be associated with imaging markers of SVD and are highly correlated with WMHs, lacunes, and CMBs. Quantification of calcification on CT provides additional information on the pathophysiology of SVD. Intracranial arterial calcification could act as a potential marker of SVD. Introduction Atherosclerosis is a systemic vascular process that is considered a major cause of cerebrovascular and cardiovascular di...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 30, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Propensity Score-Matched Analysis of Lesion Patterns in Stroke Patients With Patent Foramen Ovale and Patients With Spontaneous Intracranial Artery Dissection
Conclusion: The present study suggests that lesion patterns observed from DWI of patients with PFO and SIAD might provide clues to the etiology of infarcts. Single lesions (cortical or subcortical) might be a typical feature of PFO associated strokes, while multiple lesions in one vascular territory might be a specific feature of SIAD associated strokes. Introduction Both patent foramen ovale (PFO) and spontaneous intracranial artery dissection (SIAD) are important stroke risk factors, especially in young and middle-aged adults (1–3). About 25% of patients with ischemic stroke are cryptogenic (4), and PFO is ...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 23, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

A Novel Triple-Cell Two-Dimensional Model to Study Immune-Vascular Interplay in Atherosclerosis
Conclusions We have developed a co-culture model for the study of the immune-vascular interplay in atherosclerosis consisting of ECs, SMCs and an inflammatory compartment. In order to validate this model, we have demonstrated that the triple-cell 2D culture of ECs, SMCs, and THP-1 macrophage-like cells significantly alters the phenotype of ECs and SMCs within this culture in comparison with EC/SMC, EC/THP-1, or SMC/THP-1 double-cell cultures. Our results are indicative of the multi-directional communication between highly plastic vascular stromal cells and the immune system, which is now well recognized in the field, and ...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 23, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

A Chinese Family With Adult-Onset Leigh-Like Syndrome Caused by the Heteroplasmic m.10191T > C Mutation in the Mitochondrial MTND3 Gene
Conclusion The m.10191T>C mutation in the mtDNA of the complex I (CI) subunit of MTND3 results in the substitution of a highly conserved amino acid (p.Ser45Pro) within the ND3 protein, leading to CI dysfunction through impaired enzyme catalysis rather than impaired stability or assembly, causing a broad clinical spectrum of disorders (26). Patients with the m.10191T>C mutation are rare. In the present study, we report on a family of patients with the extremely rare adult-onset Leigh-like syndrome with the m.10191T>C mutation. Including the two patients from our reported family, the m.10191T...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 17, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research