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Do SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists modulate differently the risk of stroke ? Discordance between randomised controlled trials and observational studies
Diabetes Metab. 2023 Sep 5:101474. doi: 10.1016/j.diabet.2023.101474. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTStroke represents a major burden in patients with type 2 diabetes, yet this cerebrovascular complication has been less carefully investigated than the risk of cardiovascular mortality, heart failure and renal disease. Some data suggested that glucagon peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) exert a better protection against stroke than sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is). However, this conclusion was derived from indirect comparisons in absence of any head-to-head randomised controlled trial (RCT). The present...
Source: Diabetes and Metabolism - September 7, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Andr é J Scheen Source Type: research

miR-671-5p Upregulation Attenuates Blood –Brain Barrier Disruption in the Ischemia Stroke Model Via the NF-кB/MMP-9 Signaling Pathway
AbstractBlood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption can induce further hemorrhagic transformation in ischemic stroke (IS). miR-671-5p, a micro-RNA, is abundant in the cortex of mammalian brains. Herein, we investigated the roles and potential mechanisms for the effects of miR-671-5p on BBB permeability in IS. Results showed that miR-671-5p levels were significantly downregulated in the cerebral cortex of middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) C57/BL6 micein vivo. miR-671-5p agomir administration via right intracerebroventricular injection significantly reduced infarct volume, improved neurological deficits, the axo...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - May 28, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Epigenetic modifications in the motor cortex caused by exercise or pharmacological inhibition of histone deacetylases (HDACs) after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH)
This study sought to examine the effect of epigenetic treatment using a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, sodium butyrate (NaB), and exercise on epigenetic markers in the bilateral motor cortex after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) to identify a more enriched neuronal condition for neurorehabilitation. Forty-one male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups: sham (n=8), control (n=9), NaB, exercise (n=8), and NaB and exercise (n=8). Intraperitoneal administration of an HDAC inhibitor (300 mg/kg NaB) and treadmill exercise (11 m/min for 30 min) was conducted five days a week for approximately four weeks. ICH sp...
Source: Brain Research - February 21, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Hiroshi Maejima Misato Okamura Takahiro Inoue Yasuyuki Takamatsu Taichi Nishio Yushan Liu Source Type: research

Factors associated with symptomatic intracranial haemorrhage after intravenous thrombolysis in severe white matter lesions: a retrospective analysis
Conclusion Hyperlipidaemia and the NIHSS score before thrombolysis are independent risk factors for bleeding after intravenous thrombolysis in patients with severe WMLs. Delaying the onset of white matter and preventing risk factors for bleeding will help improve the prognosis of cerebral infarction and reduce mortality. These risk factors need to be further evaluated in future studies.
Source: Postgraduate Medical Journal - October 21, 2022 Category: General Medicine Authors: Shen, Y., Li, D., Tang, B., Cao, Q., Hou, Z., Xu, L. Tags: Original research Source Type: research

Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients Initiating First-Line Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes With Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors Versus Metformin : A Cohort Study
CONCLUSION: As first-line T2D treatment, initiators receiving SGLT-2i showed a similar risk for MI/stroke/mortality, lower risk for HHF/mortality and HHF, and a similar safety profile except for an increased risk for genital infections compared with those receiving metformin.PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE: Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School.PMID:35605236 | DOI:10.7326/M21-4012
Source: Annals of Internal Medicine - May 23, 2022 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: HoJin Shin Sebastian Schneeweiss Robert J Glynn Elisabetta Patorno Source Type: research

Regulation of Ncbe in the Choroid Plexus of Mice after Hemorrhage-Induced Hydrocephalus
FASEB J. 2022 May;36 Suppl 1. doi: 10.1096/fasebj.2022.36.S1.R3405.ABSTRACTThe choroid plexus (CP) is a small tissue located inside brain ventricles. It is responsible for the production of most of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF); approximately 500 mL of CSF per day in the adult human [1, 2]. CSF production occurs as a net result of transcellular movement of salt and water, carried out by various cellular transporters. Ncbe is a sodium-coupled bicarbonate transporter located in the basolateral membrane of the choroid plexus epithelial (CPE) cells. It transports Na+ and HCO3 - into the cell in exchange for Cl- . Ncbe is the m...
Source: Pharmacological Reviews - May 13, 2022 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Laura Ø Johnsen Kathrine A Friis Laura B Ry ø Jacob G Mikkelsen Thomas B Lindhardt Rasmus W Knopper Brian Hansen Jeppe Praetorius Helle H Damkier Source Type: research

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