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Guest Editorial: How stress changes the brain and causes a cluster of uniquely human diseases
The goal of this manuscript is to explain how stress is critically involved in the pathophysiology of a cluster of uniquely human diseases which include migraine headaches, hypertension, metabolic syndrome (obesity), stroke, deep vein thrombosis (DVT)/pulmonary emboli (PE), auto-immune diseases, schizophrenia, post-traumatic stress disorder, Alzheimer ’s disease, and atherosclerosis. As is familiar to clinicians, some people have several of these diagnoses while other people are apparently healthy and have not a single one—the diseases tend to come as a “package deal”.
Source: Medical Hypotheses - September 16, 2016 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Arnold E. Eggers Tags: Editorial$Author's introduction Source Type: research

The Relationship between Metabolically Obese Non-Obese Weight and Stroke: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
This study aimed to compare the prevalence of stroke in MONW and MHO individuals. MethodsA total of 25,744 subjects aged ≥40 years were selected from the 2007–2014 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. MetS was defined using 2001 National Cholesterol Education Program/Adult Treatment Panel III and 2005 American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute criteria. Non-obese weigh t and obesity were defined as a body mass index (BMI)
Source: PLoS One - August 4, 2016 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Young-Gyun Seo Source Type: research

Prevalence of Major Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Cardiovascular Disease in Women in China: Surveillance Efforts
In this study, we aimed to assess the relationship of socioeconomic status and acculturation with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk profiles and CVD and examine the CVD risk factors associated with CVD. We used data from the 2010 China Chronic Disease and Risk Factor Surveillance surveys, which consisted of a nationally representative sample of women. The following prevalence was found: myocardial infarction (MI): 0.4%; stroke: 0.5%; abnormal cholesterolemia: 44.9%; overweight or obesity: 32.2%; hypertension: 31.7%; diabetes: 9.0%; and smoking: 2.5%. In total, 30.9% of Chinese women had no risk factors, but 13.3% had ≥3 ...
Source: Biomedical and Environmental Sciences - June 2, 2016 Category: Biomedical Science Source Type: research

Prevalence of Major Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Cardiovascular Disease in Women in China: Surveillance Efforts.
In this study, we aimed to assess the relationship of socioeconomic status and acculturation with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk profiles and CVD and examine the CVD risk factors associated with CVD. We used data from the 2010 China Chronic Disease and Risk Factor Surveillance surveys, which consisted of a nationally representative sample of women. The following prevalence was found: myocardial infarction (MI): 0.4%; stroke: 0.5%; abnormal cholesterolemia: 44.9%; overweight or obesity: 32.2%; hypertension: 31.7%; diabetes: 9.0%; and smoking: 2.5%. In total, 30.9% of Chinese women had no risk factors, but 13.3% had ⋝3 ...
Source: Biomedical and Environmental Sciences : BES - February 29, 2016 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Li JH, Wang LM, Li YC, Zhang M, Wang LH Tags: Biomed Environ Sci Source Type: research

Association of Smoking, Alcohol, and Obesity with Cardiovascular Death and Ischemic Stroke in Atrial Fibrillation: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study and Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS)
by Younghoon Kwon, Faye L. Norby, Paul N. Jensen, Sunil K. Agarwal, Elsayed Z. Soliman, Gregory Y. H. Lip, W. T. Longstreth, Alvaro Alonso, Susan R. Heckbert, Lin Y. Chen Atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke and cardiovascular (CV) death. Whether modifiable lifestyle risk factors are associated with these CV outcomes in AF is unknown. Among Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study and Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) participants with incident AF, we estimated the risk of composite endpoint of ischemic stroke or CV death associated with candidate modifiable risk factor ...
Source: PLoS One - January 12, 2016 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Younghoon Kwon et al. Source Type: research

Cardiovascular Comorbidities Relate More than Others with Disease Activity in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Conclusions Cardiovascular comorbidities relate more than others with disease activity in RA. Diabetes and hyperlipidemia in particular seem associated with higher and lower disease activity respectively influencing almost all considered outcomes, suggesting a special importance of this pattern of comorbidities in disease activity assessment and clinical management.
Source: PLoS One - January 12, 2016 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Gloria Crepaldi et al. Source Type: research

Autocrine Effect of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A is Essential for Mitochondrial Function in Brown Adipocytes
The obesity epidemic in the United States, and the accompanying condition of type 2 diabetes, puts a majority of the population at an increased risk of developing cardiovascular diseases including coronary artery disease, stroke, and myocardial infarction. In contrast to white adipose tissue (WAT), brown adipose tissue (BAT), is well vascularized, rich in mitochondria, and highly oxidative. While it is known that the angiogenic factor VEGF-A is required for brown adipocyte development, the functional consequences and exact mechanism remain to be elucidated.
Source: Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental - September 23, 2015 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Kiana Mahdaviani, David Chess, Yuanyuan Wu, Orian Shirihai, Tamar Aprahamian Source Type: research

Chronic Conditions and Sleep Problems among Adults Aged 50 years or over in Nine Countries: A Multi-Country Study
Conclusions Identifying co-existing sleep problems among patients with chronic conditions and treating them simultaneously may lead to better treatment outcome. Clinicians should be aware of the high risk for sleep problems among patients with multimorbidity. Future studies are needed to elucidate the best treatment options for comorbid sleep problems especially in developing country settings.
Source: PLoS One - December 5, 2014 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Ai Koyanagi et al. Source Type: research

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Abstract The global prevalence of physiologically defined chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in adults aged >40 yr is approximately 9-10 per cent. Recently, the Indian Study on Epidemiology of Asthma, Respiratory Symptoms and Chronic Bronchitis in Adults had shown that the overall prevalence of chronic bronchitis in adults >35 yr is 3.49 per cent. The development of COPD is multifactorial and the risk factors of COPD include genetic and environmental factors. Pathological changes in COPD are observed in central airways, small airways and alveolar space. The proposed pathogenesis of COPD includes pr...
Source: The Indian Journal of Medical Research - February 1, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Vijayan VK Tags: Indian J Med Res Source Type: research

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