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Anti-NMDAR encephalitis presenting as stroke-like episodes in children: A case series from a tertiary care referral centre from Southern India
Conclusion: Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis which is a potentially treatable disease should be considered in the differential diagnosis when a child presents with hemiparesis/stroke-like episode.
Source: Journal of Pediatric Neurosciences - June 3, 2022 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Vykuntaraju K Gowda Sukanya Vignesh Balamurugan Natarajan Sanjay K Shivappa Source Type: research

Administration of Uric Acid in the Emergency Treatment of Acute Ischemic Stroke
Abstract Oxidative stress is one of the main mechanisms implicated in the pathophysiology of inflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases of the central nervous system (CNS). Uric acid (UA) is the end product of purine catabolism in humans, and it is the main endogenous antioxidant in blood. Low circulating UA levels have been associated with an increased prevalence and worse clinical course of several neurodegenerative and inflammatory diseases of the CNS, including Parkinson’s disease and multiple sclerosis. Moreover, the exogenous administration of UA exerts robust neuroprotective properties in experimental m...
Source: Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports - December 28, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Ischemic Stroke as a Complication of Varicella Zoster Encephalitis: A Case Report with Detailed EEG Discussion.
In conclusion, the EEG may localize focal abnormalities possibly due to cortical or lacunar ischemia, which could be explained by early small and/or large vessel vasculopathy in patients with suspected VZV encephalitis. PMID: 24296359 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Clinical EEG and Neuroscience - December 2, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Venhovens J, Stelten B, Feyen BF, van Dijk G, Meulstee J Tags: Clin EEG Neurosci Source Type: research

Letter to the Editor: Pneumocephalus: Is the needle size significant?
Discussion. Pneumocephalus is defined by two mechanisms: a ball-valve and an inverted bottle concept.1 The ball-valve type implies positive pressure events, such as coughing or valsalva maneuvers, that prevent air escape. Tension pneumocephalus is included in this mechanism, causing a parenchymal mass effect. The inverted bottle theory includes a negative intracranial pressure gradient following cerebrospinal fluid drainage, relieved by air influx. A small pneumocephalus is usually sealed by blood clots or granulation, allowing spontaneous reabsorption and resolution.[1] Otherwise, the lateral positioning of a patient duri...
Source: Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience - February 1, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: ICN Online Editor Tags: Assessment Tools CNS Infections Current Issue Letters to the Editor Neurologic Systems and Symptoms Neurology Stroke Traumatic Brain Injury epidural needle size Pneumocephalus spinal tap Source Type: research

A Case of Transient Global Amnesia: A Review and How It May Shed Further Insight into the Neurobiology of Delusions
Conclusion In closing, our patient’s episode of TGA combined with her emotional and perceptual response lends credence to the proposal of a “fear/paranoia” circuit in the genesis of paranoid delusions—a circuit incorporating amygdala, frontal, and parietal cortices. Here, neutral or irrelevant stimuli, thoughts, and percepts come to engender fear and anxiety, while dysfunction in frontoparietal circuitry engenders inappropriate social predictions and maladaptive inferences about the intentions of others.[54] Hippocampus relays information about contextual information based on past experiences and the current situat...
Source: Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience - April 1, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: ICN Online Editor Tags: Anxiety Disorders Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology Case Report Cognition Current Issue Dementia Medical Issues Neurologic Systems and Symptoms Psychiatry Schizophrenia delusions hippocampus neurobiology Transient global amnesia Source Type: research

Neurological Sequelae of COVID-19
J Integr Neurosci. 2022 Apr 6;21(3):77. doi: 10.31083/j.jin2103077.ABSTRACTBACKGROUND: Though primarily a pulmonary disease, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus can generate devastating disease states that affect multiple organ systems including the central nervous system (CNS). The various neurological disorders associated with COVID-19 range in severity from mild symptoms such as headache, or myalgias to more severe symptoms such as stroke, psychosis, and anosmia. While some of the COVID-19 associated neurological complications are mild and reversible, a significant number of patients suffe...
Source: Journal of Integrative Neuroscience - May 28, 2022 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Samuel J Ahmad Chaim M Feigen Juan P Vazquez Andrew J Kobets David J Altschul Source Type: research

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