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Atrial Transcriptional Profiles of Molecular Targets Mediating Electrophysiological Function in Aging and Pgc-1 β Deficient Murine Hearts
Conclusion: These findings limit the possible roles of gene transcriptional changes in previously reported age-dependent pro-arrhythmic electrophysiologial changes observed in Pgc-1β-/- atria to an altered Ca2+-ATPase (Atp2a2) expression. This directly parallels previously reported arrhythmic mechanism associated with p21-activated kinase type 1 deficiency. This could add to contributions from the direct physiological outcomes of mitochondrial dysfunction, whether through reactive oxygen species (ROS) production or altered Ca2+ homeostasis. Introduction Atrial arrhythmias constitute a major public health pro...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 23, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Increasing Upstream Chromatin Long –Range Interactions May Favor Induction of Circular RNAs in LysoPC-Activated Human Aortic Endothelial Cells
We examined the sponging potential of all significantly changed circRNAs using the CircInteractome database (Montefiori et al., 2018), recording two miRNAs with four or more predicted binding sites in a single circRNA transcript, a threshold above which meaningful sponging activity is likely to occur Memczak et al. (2013). Another four significantly changed circRNAs are experimentally shown to sponge miRNAs (Dudekula et al., 2016; Chen et al., 2017; Yan et al., 2017; Wang et al., 2018), for six total circRNAs with miRNA sponging activity including miR125, miR143, miR1272, miR153, miR515-5p, and miR196a-5p (Table 4). In Fig...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 17, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Blood Flow Restriction Exercise Attenuates the Exercise-Induced Endothelial Progenitor Cell Response in Healthy, Young Men
Conclusion In summary, this is the first study to show that BFR exercise did not augment EPC response to exercise, and in fact blunted the EPC response to low load unilateral KE exercise in young, healthy males. Ethics Statement This study was carried out in accordance with the recommendations of Edinburgh Napier University Research and Ethics Governance Committee. The study was ethically approved by Edinburgh Napier University Research and Ethics Governance Committee. All participants gave written informed consent in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Author Contributions MR, RM, AP, CW, GF-J designed the s...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 16, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

One-year unsupervised individualized exercise training intervention enhances cardiorespiratory fitness but not muscle deoxygenation or glycemic control in adults with type 1 diabetes
In conclusion, 1-year adherence to exercise training enhanced cardiorespiratory fitness similarly in T1D and CON but had no effect on active muscle deoxygenation or glycemic control in T1D.
Source: Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism - November 20, 2017 Category: Physiology Authors: Antti-Pekka E. Rissanen Heikki O. Tikkanen Anne S. Koponen Jyrki M. Aho Juha E. Peltonen Source Type: research

Path of Translational Discovery of "Urological Complications of Obesity and Diabetes (UCOD)".
Abstract Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a prevalent chronic disease. Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a metabolic disorder that is characterized by hyperglycemia in the context of absolute lack of insulin; whereas type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is due to insulin resistance-related relative insulin deficiency. Obesity is an established risk factor for T2DM. In comparison with T1DM, T2DM is more complex. The natural history of T2DM in most patients typically involves a course of obesity to impaired glucose tolerance, to insulin resistance and hyperglycemia. Diabetes causes some serious microvascular and macrovascular ...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Renal Physiology - January 3, 2017 Category: Physiology Authors: Daneshgari F, Liu G, Hanna-Mitchell AT Tags: Am J Physiol Renal Physiol Source Type: research