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Propensity of Withania somnifera to Attenuate Behavioural, Biochemical, and Histological Alterations in Experimental Model of Stroke.
Abstract The present study was designed to evaluate the beneficial effects of Withania somnifera (WS) pre-supplementation on middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model of ischemic stroke. Ischemic stroke was induced in the rats by inserting intraluminal suture for 90 min, followed by reperfusion injury for 24 h. The animals were assessed for locomotor functions (by neurological deficit scores, narrow beam walk and rotarod test), cognitive and anxiety-like behavioural functions (by morris water maze and elevated plus maze test). MCAO animals showed significant impairment in locomotor and cognitive functions. N...
Source: Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology - December 30, 2015 Category: Cytology Authors: Sood A, Kumar A, Dhawan DK, Sandhir R Tags: Cell Mol Neurobiol Source Type: research

A Case of Transient Global Amnesia: A Review and How It May Shed Further Insight into the Neurobiology of Delusions
Conclusion In closing, our patient’s episode of TGA combined with her emotional and perceptual response lends credence to the proposal of a “fear/paranoia” circuit in the genesis of paranoid delusions—a circuit incorporating amygdala, frontal, and parietal cortices. Here, neutral or irrelevant stimuli, thoughts, and percepts come to engender fear and anxiety, while dysfunction in frontoparietal circuitry engenders inappropriate social predictions and maladaptive inferences about the intentions of others.[54] Hippocampus relays information about contextual information based on past experiences and the current situat...
Source: Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience - April 1, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: ICN Online Editor Tags: Anxiety Disorders Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology Case Report Cognition Current Issue Dementia Medical Issues Neurologic Systems and Symptoms Psychiatry Schizophrenia delusions hippocampus neurobiology Transient global amnesia Source Type: research

Development of obsessive compulsive disorder (ocd) secondary to traumatic brain injury-review of literature and comparison with sample of patients from lishman unit, maudsley hospital
Conclusion The main focus of organic OCD seems to be from disruption to the OFC and basal ganglia but other areas have been implicated as has been reflected in the literature as well as the patients on the Lishman brain injury unit, Maudsley Hospital.
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - August 13, 2015 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Guillochon, R., Dilley, M. Tags: Genetics, Drugs: CNS (not psychiatric), Epilepsy and seizures, Movement disorders (other than Parkinsons), Neurological injury, Parkinson's disease, Stroke, Trauma CNS / PNS, Anxiety disorders (including OCD and PTSD), Radiology, Radiology (diagnostics), Source Type: research

SPECT Perfusion Imaging Demonstrates Improvement of Traumatic Brain Injury With Transcranial Near-infrared Laser Phototherapy.
Authors: Henderson TA, Morries LD Abstract Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a growing health concern affecting civilians and military personnel. Near-infrared (NIR) light has shown benefits in animal models and human trials for stroke and in animal models for TBI. Diodes emitting low-level NIR often have lacked therapeutic efficacy, perhaps failing to deliver sufficient radiant energy to the necessary depth. In this case report, a patient with moderate TBI documented in anatomical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) received 20 NIR treatments in the cours...
Source: Advances in Mind Body Medicine - November 7, 2015 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Adv Mind Body Med Source Type: research

Translocator protein and new targets for neuroinflammation
Abstract The mitochondrial translocator protein (18 kDa; TSPO) is involved in a wide array of physiological processes importantly including cholesterol transport, steroidogenesis and immunomodulation. In the central nervous system (CNS), TSPO expression regionally increases in glial cells upon brain insult with a differential pattern suggestive of cell-specific functions in inflammation and repair. These properties have made TSPO a valuable marker to assess the state, and progression of diverse neurological and psychiatric conditions, including traumatic brain injury, stroke, neurodegenerative diseases, anxiety, ...
Source: Clinical and Translational Imaging - November 16, 2015 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

Light-Induced Pupillary Responses in Alzheimer's Disease
Light-Induced Pupillary Responses in Alzheimer's Disease Pratik S. Chougule1, Raymond P. Najjar1,2, Maxwell T. Finkelstein1, Nagaendran Kandiah3,4 and Dan Milea1,2,5* 1Department of Visual Neurosciences, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore 2The Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences ACP, Duke-National University of Singapore (NUS) Medical School, Singapore, Singapore 3Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, Singapore 4Duke-National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore 5Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore The impact of Alzhe...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 11, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research