• Filter By:
• Specialty
• Source
• Condition
• Cancer
• Infectious Disease
• Drug
• Training
• Management
• Procedure
• Therapy
• Vaccine
• Nutrition
• Country

A Review of Women's Neurology
The concern about what is best practice when caring for women with neurologic disease is a common clinical scenario. Therefore, knowledge about women's health issues and their intersection with neurologic disorders is imperative. This review will discuss the appropriate gender based considerations in epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, migraine, autoimmune disease, sleep, stroke and paraneoplastic disorders.
Source: The American Journal of Medicine - December 27, 2017 Category: General Medicine Authors: M. Angela O'Neal Tags: Review Source Type: research

Limbic Encephalitis Exacerbations and Remissions Charted by Microglial PET Scan: A Case Study (P4.104)
CONCLUSIONS: C-11-PK11195 PET imaging can be useful in the diagnosis of limbic encephalitis and for monitoring response to treatment. MALT lymphoma may also be associated with autoimmune or paraneoplastic encephalitis, especially in individuals with other predisposing factors to autoimmune disorders, such as Tourette’s and autoimmune thyroid disease. The reduction in microglial activity with both IVIG and anti-psychotics supports previous findings that anti-psychotics may act through anti-inflammatory pathways.Disclosure: Dr. Shatz has received research support from Janssen Pharmaceutica. Dr. Chugani has nothing to disclose.
Source: Neurology - April 8, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Shatz, R., Chugani, H. Tags: Aging, Dementia, Cognitive, and Behavioral Neurology: Rapidly Progressive and Inflammatory Dementias Source Type: research

GLUTAMATE RECEPTOR ANTIBODIES IN NEUROLOGICAL DISEASES: Anti-AMPA-GluR3 antibodies, Anti-NMDA-NR1 antibodies, Anti-NMDA-NR2A/B antibodies, Anti-mGluR1 antibodies or Anti-mGluR5 antibodies are present in subpopulations of patients with either: Epilepsy, Encephalitis, Cerebellar Ataxia, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and Neuropsychiatric SLE, Sjogren's syndrome, Schizophrenia, Mania or Stroke. These autoimmune anti-glutamate receptor antibodies can bind neurons in few brain regions, activate glutamate receptors, decrease glutamate receptor's expression, impair glutamate-induced signaling and function, activate Blood Brain Barrier endothelial cells, kill neurons, damage the brain, induce behavioral/psychiatric/cognitive abnormalities and Ataxia in animal models, and can be removed or silenced in some patients by immunotherapy.
Abstract Glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter of the Central Nervous System (CNS), and it is crucially needed for numerous key neuronal functions. Yet, excess glutamate causes massive neuronal death and brain damage by excitotoxicity-detrimental over activation of glutamate receptors. Glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity is the main pathological process taking place in many types of acute and chronic CNS diseases and injuries. In recent years, it became clear that not only excess glutamate can cause massive brain damage, but that several types of anti-glutamate receptor antibodies, that are present in ...
Source: Herpes - August 1, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Levite M Tags: J Neural Transm Source Type: research

Voltage Gated Calcium Channels Antibody-Associated Autoimmune Encephalitis (P5.228)
ConclusionThis case demonstrates a correlation between a high titer of VGCC antibodies and autoimmune encephalitis. Our patient's initial improvement with steroids and plasma exchange in the face of a negative CT and PET suggests a primary autoimmune process rather than a paraneoplastic etiology, though we admit that it is premature to rule out remission and we will continue to follow herDisclosure: Dr. Alwaki has nothing to disclose. Dr. Lugo has nothing to disclose. Dr. Goshgarian has nothing to disclose. Dr. Ahmad has nothing to disclose. Dr. Hefzy has nothing to disclose. Dr. Mitsias has nothing to disclose.
Source: Neurology - April 9, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Alwaki, A., Lugo, A., Goshgarian, C., Ahmad, O., Hefzy, H., Mitsias, P. Tags: Aging, Dementia, and Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology: Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease and Subacute Encephalopathies Source Type: research

Autoimmune gabab antibody encephalitis associated with non-malignant lung lesion
GABAb receptor autoimmune encephalitis is a potentially treatable disorder characterised by seizures, memory deficits, increased anxiety and mood dysregulation. In some patients it is associated with small–cell lung cancer and with other autoantibodies. We are presenting a case of GABAb receptor autoimmune encephalitis which was associated with non–malignant lung lesion, likely inflammatory in nature. A 62 year old woman presented with recent onset depression and tonic–clonic seizures. CT head showed patchy white matter changes particularly in the left frontal lobe. Initial treatment for suspected infecti...
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - October 9, 2013 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Wysota, B., Teare, L., Karim, A., Jacob, S. Tags: Immunology (including allergy), Epilepsy and seizures, Infection (neurology), Stroke, Drugs: psychiatry, Memory disorders (psychiatry), Radiology, Drugs: musculoskeletal and joint diseases, Radiology (diagnostics) Association of British Neurologists (AB Source Type: research

Anti glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody mediated encephalopathy while on etanercept in a patient with multiple autoimmune diseases
A 39 year old lady presented with an altered mental state and unsteadiness of gait. She had a history of juvenile idiopathic arthritis, autoimmune thyroiditis and alopecia, protein S deficiency with vena cava thrombosis, previous excision of ovarian mass and vasculitic rash. There was a previous history of ovarian mass and her immunomodulatory therapy for arthritis over the previous year was Etanercept. She used recreational cannabis but denied any other illicit drug usage. Her affect was variable and at times inappropriate with frequent laughter. She would spit regularly. There was anxiety and a prevailing sensation of do...
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - October 9, 2013 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: MacDougall, N., Waddell, B., O'Riordan, J. I. Tags: Immunology (including allergy), Brain stem / cerebellum, Drugs: CNS (not psychiatric), Epilepsy and seizures, Infection (neurology), Stroke, Drugs misuse (including addiction), Connective tissue disease, Musculoskeletal syndromes Association of British Source Type: research

Think outside the box, collapse the box, and take a sharp knife to it!
A 74 year–old woman presented in December 2011 with left sided cerebellar symptoms. She was initially diagnosed as having a posterior circulation infarction and discharged from hospital on appropriate medication. However, over the following month she continued to deteriorate, developing increasing unsteadiness, falls, nausea and vomiting. Following a second admission in January 2012 she had a single seizure and developed focal left sided myoclonus affecting mainly the upper limb. Over the following month the myoclonus spread to affect all four limbs, although it remained more prominent on the left side. There was evi...
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - October 9, 2013 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Dobson, R., McMillan, A., Kung, K., Thom, M., Davis, A., Simister, R., Giovannoni, G., Gnanapavan, S. Tags: Immunology (including allergy), HIV/AIDS, Tropical medicine (infectious diseases), Brain stem / cerebellum, Epilepsy and seizures, Infection (neurology), Multiple sclerosis, Stroke, Ophthalmology, Radiology, Surgical diagnostic tests Association of Brit Source Type: research