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Therapy: Antiviral Therapy

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Total 43 results found since Jan 2013.

Targeting the pseudorabies virus DNA polymerase processivity factor UL42 by RNA interference efficiently inhibits viral replication
This study provides a new clue for the design of an intervention strategy against herpesviruses by targeting their processivity factors.
Source: Antiviral Therapy - July 4, 2016 Category: Virology Source Type: research

Targeting the pseudorabies virus DNA polymerase processivity factor UL42 by RNA interference efficiently inhibits viral replication.
This study provides a new clue for the design of an intervention strategy against herpesviruses by targeting their processivity factors. PMID: 27387827 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Antiviral Research - July 3, 2016 Category: Virology Authors: Wang YP, Huang LP, Du WJ, Wei YW, Wu HL, Feng L, Liu CM Tags: Antiviral Res Source Type: research

Protein Phosphatase-1 Regulates Rift Valley Fever Virus Replication
Publication date: Available online 20 January 2016 Source:Antiviral Research Author(s): Alan Baer, Nazly Shafagati, Ashwini Benedict, Tatiana Ammosova, Andrey Ivanov, Ramin M. Hakami, Kaori Terasaki, Shinji Makino, Sergei Nekhai, Kylene Kehn-Hall Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV), genus Phlebovirus family Bunyaviridae, is an arthropod-borne virus endemic throughout sub-Saharan Africa. Recent outbreaks have resulted in cyclic epidemics with an increasing geographic footprint, devastating both livestock and human populations. Despite being recognized as an emerging threat, relatively little is known about the virule...
Source: Antiviral Therapy - January 21, 2016 Category: Virology Source Type: research

Interleukin-24 inhibits influenza A virus replication in vitro through induction of toll-like receptor 3 dependent apoptosis
This study demonstrates that IL-24 reduces the titer of different influenza A virus subtypes independently of type I interferon in an apoptosis dependent manner. The anti-viral effect of IL-24 correlated with caspase-3 activation and could be blocked by a pan-caspase inhibitor and by small interfering RNA (siRNA) directed towards TLR3. Surprisingly, caspase-3 activation in influenza A virus/IL-24-stimulated cells correlated with the down-regulation of the B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family member myeloid cell leukemia 1 (Mcl-1). Correspondingly, knockdown of Mcl-1 by siRNA enhanced caspase activation in influenza A virus inf...
Source: Antiviral Therapy - September 14, 2015 Category: Virology Source Type: research

Small interfering RNAs targeting peste des petits ruminants virus M mRNA increase virus-mediated fusogenicity and inhibit viral replication in vitro
In this study, three different small interfering RNAs (siRNA) were designed on the basis of translated region for PPRV Nigeria 75/1 M mRNA, and were subsequently synthesized for their transfection into Vero-SLAM cells, followed by infection with PPRVs. The results showed that two out of three siRNAs robustly induced cell-to-cell fusion as early as 36 hours post-infection with PPRVs, effectively suppressed expression of the M protein by interference for the M mRNA, and eventually inhibited viral replication in vitro. These findings led us to speculate that siRNA-mediated knockdown of the M protein would alter its interactio...
Source: Antiviral Therapy - August 26, 2015 Category: Virology Source Type: research

Enhanced suppression of adenovirus replication by triple combination of anti-adenoviral siRNAs, soluble adenovirus receptor trap sCAR-Fc and cidofovir
Publication date: August 2015 Source:Antiviral Research, Volume 120 Author(s): Tanja Pozzuto , Carsten Röger , Jens Kurreck , Henry Fechner Adenoviruses (Ad) generally induce mild self-limiting respiratory or intestinal infections but can also cause serious disease with fatal outcomes in immunosuppressed patients. Antiviral drug therapy is an important treatment for adenoviral infections but its efficiency is limited. Recently, we have shown that gene silencing by RNA interference (RNAi) is a promising new approach to inhibit adenoviral infection. In the present in vitro study, we examined whether the efficiency of an R...
Source: Antiviral Therapy - June 2, 2015 Category: Virology Source Type: research

Expression of a single siRNA against a conserved region of NP gene strongly inhibits in vitro replication of different Influenza A virus strains of avian and swine origin
In conclusion, these findings reveal new siRNA sequences able to inhibit Influenza A virus replication and provide a basis for the development of siRNAs as prophylaxis and therapy for influenza infection both in humans and animals.
Source: Antiviral Therapy - May 17, 2015 Category: Virology Source Type: research

Inhibition of adenovirus multiplication by short interfering RNAs directly or indirectly targeting the viral DNA replication machinery
Publication date: June 2012 Source:Antiviral Research, Volume 94, Issue 3 Author(s): Doris Kneidinger , Mirza Ibrišimović , Thomas Lion , Reinhard Klein Human adenoviruses are a common threat to immunocompromised patients, e.g., HIV-positive individuals or solid-organ and, in particular, allogeneic stem cell transplant recipients. Antiviral drugs have a limited effect on adenoviruses, and existing treatment modalities often fail to prevent fatal outcome. Silencing of viral genes by short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) holds a great promise in the treatment of viral infections. The aim of the present study was to identify ad...
Source: Antiviral Therapy - November 16, 2014 Category: Virology Source Type: research

Kinome siRNA screen identifies novel cell-type specific dengue host target genes
Publication date: October 2014 Source:Antiviral Research, Volume 110 Author(s): Yong-Jun Kwon , Jinyeong Heo , Hazel E.E. Wong , Deu John M. Cruz , Sumathy Velumani , Camila T. da Silva , Ana Luiza P. Mosimann , Claudia N. Duarte dos Santos , Lucio H. Freitas-Junior , Katja Fink Dengue is a global emerging infectious disease, with no specific treatment available. To identify novel human host cell targets important for dengue virus infection and replication, an image-based high-throughput siRNA assay screening of a human kinome siRNA library was conducted using human hepatocyte cell line Huh7 infected with a recent dengue...
Source: Antiviral Therapy - November 13, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Nuclear Import and Export Inhibitors Alter Capsid Protein Distribution in Mammalian Cells and Reduce Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus Replication.
Abstract Targeting host responses to invading viruses has been the focus of recent antiviral research. Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus (VEEV) is able to modulate host transcription and block nuclear trafficking at least partially due to its capsid protein forming a complex with the host proteins importin α/β1 and CRM1. We hypothesized that disrupting the interaction of capsid with importin α/β1 or the interaction of capsid with CRM1 would alter capsid localization, thereby lowering viral titers in vitro. siRNA mediated knockdown of importin α, importin β1, and CRM1 altered capsid localization, confirmin...
Source: Antiviral Research - October 22, 2013 Category: Virology Authors: Lundberg L, Pinkham C, Baer A, Amaya M, Narayanan A, Wagstaff KM, Jans DA, Kehn-Hall K Tags: Antiviral Res Source Type: research

Inhibition of hepatitis B virus (HBV) gene expression and replication by HBx gene silencing in a hydrodynamic injection mouse model with a new clone of HBV genotype B
Conclusions: Taken together, the HI mouse model with a HBV genotype B genome was successfully established and showed different characteristics in vivo compared with the genotype A genome. The effectiveness of gene silencing against HBx gene determines whether HBV replication may be sustainably inhibited by siRNA in vivo.
Source: Virology Journal - June 28, 2013 Category: Virology Authors: Lei LiHong ShenAnyi LiZhenhua ZhangBaoju WangJunzhong WangXin ZhengJun WuDongliang YangMengji LuJingjiao Song Source Type: research

RNAi in Clinical Studies.
Abstract RNA interference (RNAi) is an efficient process of posttranscriptional gene silencing. In recent years it has been developed into a new technology in biopharmaceutical fields of science. RNAi products include short interference RNA (siRNA) but also short hairpin RNA (shRNA), bifunctional short hairpin RNA (bi-shRNA) and microRNA (miRNA). They combine with homologous fragments of the mRNA and cause its degradation. It results in inhibition of protein synthesis, or in mutation in the gene encoding it. RNAi has been used in analysis of genomes and creation of new animal models to test drugs. From the pharmac...
Source: Current Medicinal Chemistry - May 1, 2013 Category: Chemistry Authors: Kubowicz P, Zelaszczyk D, Pekala E Tags: Curr Med Chem Source Type: research

Herpesviruses and the microbiome
The focus of this article will be to examine the role of common herpesviruses as a component of the microbiome of atopic patients and to review clinical observations suggesting that atopic patients might be predisposed to more severe and atypical herpes-related illness because their immune response is biased toward a TH2 cytokine profile. Human populations are infected with 8 herpesviruses, including herpes simplex virus HSV1 and HSV2 (also termed HHV1 and HHV2), varicella zoster virus (VZV or HHV3), EBV (HHV4), cytomegalovirus (HHV5), HHV6, HHV7, and Kaposi sarcoma–associated herpesvirus (termed KSV or HHV8). Herpesviru...
Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology - April 22, 2013 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: David H. Dreyfus Tags: Rostrum Source Type: research