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Therapy: Radiation Therapy

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Total 78 results found since Jan 2013.

Abstract B21: The selective ATR inhibitor VX-970 enhances the therapeutic effects of standards of care in glioblastoma
Glioblastoma (GBM) represents one of the most aggressive cancer types with the vast majority of patients succumbing to disease within the first five years. This dire prognosis reflects the limited efficacy of our frontline therapies which include radiation therapy and temozolomide (TMZ) chemotherapy. The cellular response to these therapies is critically mediated by DNA damage response signaling networks that are regulated by Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM) and Ataxia Telangiectasia And Rad3-Related Protein (ATR). Preliminary studies from our laboratory suggest the ATR inhibitor VX-970 has single agent efficacy in both...
Source: Molecular Cancer Research - April 2, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Burgenske, D., Mladek, A., Sarkaria, J. Tags: Therapies Targeting Checkpoints and Mismatch Repair: Poster Presentations - Proffered Abstracts Source Type: research

Network-based analysis of prostate cancer cell lines reveals novel marker gene candidates associated with radioresistance and patient relapse
by Michael Seifert, Claudia Peitzsch, Ielizaveta Gorodetska, Caroline B örner, Barbara Klink, Anna Dubrovska Radiation therapy is an important and effective treatment option for prostate cancer, but high-risk patients are prone to relapse due to radioresistance of cancer cells. Molecular mechanisms that contribute to radioresistance are not fully understood. Novel computational strategies are needed to i dentify radioresistance driver genes from hundreds of gene copy number alterations. We developed a network-based approach based on lasso regression in combination with network propagation for the analysis of prostate can...
Source: PLoS Computational Biology - November 3, 2019 Category: Biology Authors: Michael Seifert Source Type: research

The COX-2 inhibitor NS398 selectively sensitizes hypoxic HeLa cells to ionising radiation by mechanisms both dependent and independent of COX-2
Publication date: Available online 28 January 2020Source: Prostaglandins & Other Lipid MediatorsAuthor(s): Shailendra Anoopkumar-Dukie, Tom Conere, Aileen Houston, Liam King, David Christie, Catherine McDermott, Ashley AllshireAbstractIt is widely accepted that the hypoxic nature of solid tumors contribute to their resistance to radiation therapy. There is increasing evidence that cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) contributes to increased resistance of tumors to radiation therapy. Several studies demonstrate that combination of COX-2 selective inhibitors with radiation therapy selectively enhances radioresponsiveness of tumor cells...
Source: Prostaglandins and Other Lipid Mediators - January 28, 2020 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research

Arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase and 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid contribute to stromal aging-induced progression of pancreatic cancer Molecular Bases of Disease
In this study, we investigated whether the chronological aging of normal human fibroblasts (NHFs), a previously underappreciated area in pancreatic cancer research, influences the progression and therapeutic outcomes of PDAC. Results from experiments with murine xenografts and 2D and 3D co-cultures of NHFs and PDAC cells revealed that older NHFs stimulate proliferation of and confer resistance to radiation therapy of PDAC. MS-based metabolite analysis indicated that older NHFs have significantly increased arachidonic acid 12-lipoxygenase (ALOX12) expression and elevated levels of its mitogenic metabolite, 12-(S)-hydroxy-5,...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - May 14, 2020 Category: Chemistry Authors: Ehab H. Sarsour, Jyung Mean Son, Amanda L. Kalen, Wusheng Xiao, Juan Du, Matthew S. Alexander, Brianne R. O'Leary, Joseph J. Cullen, Prabhat C. Goswami Tags: Cell Biology Source Type: research

TROY signals through JAK1-STAT3 to promote glioblastoma cell migration and resistance.
Abstract Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary malignant brain tumor in adults and carries a discouraging prognosis. Its aggressive and highly infiltrative nature renders the current standard treatment of maximal surgical resection, radiation, and chemotherapy relatively ineffective. Identifying the signaling pathways that regulate GBM migration/invasion and resistance is required to develop more effective therapeutic regimens to treat GBM. Expression of TROY, an orphan receptor of the TNF receptor superfamily, increases with glial tumor grade, inversely correlates with patient overall survival, stimulates...
Source: Neoplasia - July 2, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Ding Z, Kloss JM, Tuncali S, Tran NL, Loftus JC Tags: Neoplasia Source Type: research

BMP Antagonists Secreted by Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Improve Colonic Organoid Formation: Application for the Treatment of Radiation-induced Injury.
This study provides evidence of the potential of ECO to limit late radiation effects on the colon and opens perspectives on combined strategies to improve their amplification abilities and therapeutic effects. PMID: 33108903 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Cell Transplantation - January 1, 2020 Category: Cytology Authors: Moussa L, Lapière A, Squiban C, Demarquay C, Milliat F, Mathieu N Tags: Cell Transplant Source Type: research

Down-regulation of Autophagy-Associated Protein Increased Acquired Radio-Resistance Bladder Cancer Cells Sensitivity to Taxol.
CONCLUSIONS: Long-term FI treatment is an effective method to establish the ARR-phenotype BCa cell model, by enriching BCSCs and enhancing cells migration and invasion. Both inhibiting the expression of autophagy-related proteins and using autophagy inhibitor can increase the sensitivity of ARR cells to taxol, suggesting that autophagy may play an important role in ARR cells chemical tolerance. PMID: 33443463 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: International Journal of Radiation Biology - January 16, 2021 Category: Radiology Tags: Int J Radiat Biol Source Type: research

Creation of a new class of radiosensitizers for glioblastoma based on the mibefradil pharmacophore
We present in vivo pharmacokinetic studies of the top analogues with evidence of brain penetration. We also report a targeted siRNA-based screen which suggests a possible role for mTOR and Akt in DNA repair inhibition by this class of drugs. Taken together, these data reveal a new class of mibefradil-based DNA repair inhibitors which can be further advanced into pre-clinical testing and eventually clinical trials, as potential GBM radiosensitizers.PMID:33953843 | PMC:PMC8092340 | DOI:10.18632/oncotarget.27933
Source: Oncotarget - May 6, 2021 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Sateja Paradkar James Herrington Adam Hendricson Piyasena Hewawasam Mark Plummer Denton Hoyer Ranjini K Sundaram Yulia V Surovtseva Ranjit S Bindra Source Type: research