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Preparation of poly(glutamic acid) shielding micelles self-assembled from polylysine-b-polyphenylalanine for gene and drug codelivery
Publication date: Available online 19 February 2020Source: Chinese Chemical LettersAuthor(s): Jing Ma, Jingpeng Zhang, Lin Chi, Chong Liu, Yanhui Li, Huayu TianABSTRACTA novel amphiphilic cationic block copolymer polylysine-b-polyphenylalanine (PLL-b-PPhe) was synthesized and self-assembled into micelles in aqueous solution, then shielded with poly(glutamic acid) (marked as PG/PLL-b-PPhe) to codeliver gene and drug for combination cancer therapy. Here, doxorubicin (DOX) was selected to be loaded into PLL-b-PPhe micelles and the drug loading efficiency was 8.0%. The drug release studies revealed that the PLL-b-PPhe micelles...
Source: Chinese Chemical Letters - February 19, 2020 Category: Chemistry Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 25, Pages 694: Design, Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Type of Thermo-Responsible Phospholipid Microcapsule –Alginate Composite Hydrogel for Drug Delivery
Molecules, Vol. 25, Pages 694: Design, Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Type of Thermo-Responsible Phospholipid Microcapsule–Alginate Composite Hydrogel for Drug Delivery Molecules doi: 10.3390/molecules25030694 Authors: Liang Ding Xinxia Cui Rui Jiang Keya Zhou Yalei Wen Chenfeng Wang Zhilian Yue Shigang Shen Xuefeng Pan Liposomes are extensively used in drug delivery, while alginates are widely used in tissue engineering. However, liposomes are usually thermally unstable and drug-leaking when in liquids, while the drug carriers made of alginates show low loading capacities when used for...
Source: Molecules - February 5, 2020 Category: Chemistry Authors: Liang Ding Xinxia Cui Rui Jiang Keya Zhou Yalei Wen Chenfeng Wang Zhilian Yue Shigang Shen Xuefeng Pan Tags: Article Source Type: research

Regulation of human inducible nitric oxide synthase expression by an upstream open reading frame
Publication date: Available online 18 April 2019Source: Nitric OxideAuthor(s): Fabian Gather, Katja Schmitz, Kathrin Koch, Lea-Marie Vogt, Andrea Pautz, Hartmut KleinertAbstractThe human inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) gene contains an upstream open reading frame (uORF) in its 5′-untranslated region (5′-UTR) implying a translational regulation of iNOS expression. Transfection experiments in human DLD-1 cells revealed that the uORF although translatable seems not to inhibit the translation start at the bona fide ATG. Our data clearly show that human iNOS translation is cap-dependent and that the 5′-UTR of the...
Source: Nitric Oxide - April 19, 2019 Category: Chemistry Source Type: research

Structural and functional analyses reveal the contributions of the C- and N-lobes of Argonaute protein to selectivity of RNA target cleavage RNA
Some gene transcripts have cellular functions as regulatory noncoding RNAs. For example, ∼23-nucleotide (nt)–long siRNAs are loaded into Argonaute proteins. The resultant ribonucleoprotein assembly, the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), cleaves RNAs that are extensively base-paired with the loaded siRNA. To date, base complementarity is recognized as the major determinant of specific target cleavage (or slicing), but little is known about how Argonaute inspects base pairing before cleavage. A hallmark of Argonaute proteins is their bilobal structure, but despite the significance of this structure for curtailing sli...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - April 27, 2018 Category: Chemistry Authors: Daniel M. Dayeh, Bradley C. Kruithoff, Kotaro Nakanishi Tags: RNA Source Type: research

Surface heat shock protein 90 serves as a potential receptor for calcium oxalate crystal on apical membrane of renal tubular epithelial cells.
Abstract Adhesion of calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) crystals on renal tubular epithelial cells is a crucial step in kidney stone formation. Finding potential crystal receptors on the apical membrane of the cells may lead to a novel approach to prevent kidney stone disease. Our previous study identified a large number of crystal-binding proteins on the apical membrane of MDCK cells. However, their functional role as potential crystal receptors had not been validated. The present study aimed to address the potential role of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) as a COM crystal receptor. The apical membrane was isolated ...
Source: Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry : JBIC - April 25, 2016 Category: Chemistry Authors: Fong-Ngern K, Sueksakit K, Thongboonkerd V Tags: J Biol Inorg Chem Source Type: research

Lys-95 Cluster Critical for M2 Dimerization and Activity Enzymology
In this study, we tried to identify the interfacial residues that may mediate the assembly of M2 homodimer by computational alanine scanning based on the x-ray crystal structure. Co-immunoprecipitation, size exclusion chromatography, and RR activity assays showed that the K95E mutation in M2 resulted in dimer disassembly and enzyme activity inhibition. In comparison, the charge-exchanging double mutation of K95E and E98K recovered the dimerization and activity. Structural comparisons suggested that a conserved cluster of charged residues, including Lys-95, Glu-98, Glu-105, and Glu-174, at the interface may function as an i...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - January 10, 2014 Category: Chemistry Authors: Chen, X., Xu, Z., Zhang, L., Liu, H., Liu, X., Lou, M., Zhu, L., Huang, B., Yang, C.-G., Zhu, W., Shao, J. Tags: Enzymology Source Type: research