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Diacetyl Induces Amphiregulin Shedding in Pulmonary Epithelial Cells and in Experimental Bronchiolitis Obliterans.
Abstract Diacetyl (DA), a component of artificial butter flavoring, has been linked to the development of bronchiolitis obliterans (BO), a disease of airway epithelial injury and airway fibrosis. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) ligand, amphiregulin (AREG), has been implicated in other types of epithelial injury and lung fibrosis. We investigated the effects of DA directly on the pulmonary epithelium and we hypothesized that DA exposure would result in epithelial cell shedding of AREG. Consistent with this hypothesis, we demonstrate that DA increases AREG by the pulmonary epithelial cell line NCI-H292 a...
Source: Am J Respir Cell Mol... - May 9, 2014 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Kelly FL, Sun J, Fischer BM, Voynow JA, Kummarapurugu AB, Zhang HL, Nugent JL, Beasley RF, Martinu T, Gwinn WM, Morgan DL, Palmer SM Tags: Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol Source Type: research

MicroRNA-150 inhibits expression of adiponectin receptor 2 and is a potential therapeutic target in patients with chronic heart failure
Conclusions: MicroRNA-150 counteracts ADIPOR2 up-regulation in CHF and thus may contribute to adiponectin resistance. Targeting microRNA-150 may be a future strategy to restore cardioprotective adiponectin effects.
Source: The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation - October 28, 2013 Category: Transplant Surgery Authors: Simone Kreth, Carola Ledderose, Stefanie Schütz, Andres Beiras, Jens Heyn, Florian Weis, Andres Beiras-Fernandez Tags: Featured Articles Source Type: research

Activation of PRMT1 and PRMT5 mediates hypoxia- and ischemia-induced apoptosis in human lung epithelial cells and the lung of miniature pigs: The role of p38 and JNK mitogen-activated protein kinases.
This study examined the role of hypoxia in PRMT activation in A549 human lung epithelial cells, as well as the role of ischemia in PRMT activation in the lung of miniature pigs. In A459 cells, hypoxia increased the expression of PRMT1 and PRMT5, and overexpression of PRMT1 and PRMT5 induced apoptosis. The transfection of PRMT1 and PRMT5 small interfering RNA (siRNA) prevented hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α expression and apoptosis in A549 cells. Hypoxia-induced expression of PRMT1 and PRMT5 was blocked by p38 and JNK mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitors, but not by an inhibitor of extracellular signal-reg...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - October 9, 2013 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Lim SK, Jeong YW, Kim DI, Park MJ, Choi JH, Kim SU, Kang SS, Han HJ, Park SH Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: research

MAPK mediates inflammatory response and cell death in rat pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells in an ischemia–reperfusion model of lung transplantation
Conclusions: Exposing rat PMVECs to simulated non-hypoxic IR caused lipid peroxidation, inflammation and apoptosis, which required MAPK-mediated NF-κB and AP-1 activation and distinct regulation of MAPKs by these 2 transcription factors. This model could be used to uncouple mechanisms of IR and evaluate potential therapeutics in alleviating IR injury.
Source: The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation - June 10, 2013 Category: Transplant Surgery Authors: Jing Tan, Dongdong Liu, Xiangqi Lv, Linlin Wang, Can Zhao, Yuxiang Che, Qing Xie, Xiaoguang Cui Tags: Original Pre-clinical Science Source Type: research

Repression of the Equilibrative Nucleoside Transporters Dampens Inflammatory Lung Injury.
Conclusions: Our findings reveal transcriptional repression of ENTs as innate protective response during acute pulmonary inflammation. The inhibition of ENTs could be pursued as therapeutic option to ameliorate inflammatory lung injury. PMID: 23590299 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology - April 3, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Morote-Garcia JC, Köhler D, Roth JM, Mirakaj V, Eldh T, Eltzschig HK, Rosenberger P Tags: Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol Source Type: research

Bcl3 in Mammary Tumors
Bcl3 is a putative proto-oncogene deregulated in hematopoietic and solid tumors. Studies in cell lines suggest that its oncogenic effects are mediated through the induction of proliferation and inhibition of cell death, yet its role in endogenous solid tumors has not been established. Here, we address the oncogenic effect of Bcl3 in vivo and describe how this Stat3-responsive oncogene promotes metastasis of ErbB2-positive mammary tumors without affecting primary tumor growth or normal mammary function. Deletion of the Bcl3 gene in ErbB2-positive (MMTV-Neu) mice resulted in a 75% reduction in metastatic tumor burden in the ...
Source: Cancer Research - January 16, 2013 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Wakefield, A., Soukupova, J., Montagne, A., Ranger, J., French, R., Muller, W. J., Clarkson, R. W. E. Tags: Molecular and Cellular Pathobiology Source Type: research

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