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Up-regulation of heme oxygenase-1 by celastrol alleviates oxidative stress and vascular calcification in chronic kidney disease
Free Radic Biol Med. 2021 Jun 23:S0891-5849(21)00385-3. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.06.020. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTVascular calcification is very commonly observed in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), but there is no efficient therapy available. Oxidative stress plays critical roles in the progression of vascular calcification. Celastrol (Cel), a natural constituent derived from Chinese herbals, exhibits anti-oxidative stress activity. Here, we investigated the effect of celastrol on vascular calcification using vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), arterial rings and CKD rats. Alizarin red staining ...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - June 26, 2021 Category: Biology Authors: Xiulin Yang An Chen Qingchun Liang Qianqian Dong Mingwei Fu Xiaoyu Liu Siyi Wang Yining Li Yuanzhi Ye Zirong Lan Jing-Song Ou Lihe Lu Jianyun Yan Source Type: research

Calcitriol Inhibits ROS-NLRP3-IL-1β Signaling Axis via Activation of Nrf2-Antioxidant Signaling in Hyperosmotic Stress stimulated Human Corneal Epithelial Cells
ConclusionThe current study indicated that calcitriol could inhibit the priming stage of HS-induced cellular inflammation, highlighting its potential capacity to prevent and mitigate dry eye related corneal inflammation at earlier stage.Graphical abstract
Source: Redox Biology - December 27, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Vitamin C Attenuates Sodium Fluoride-Induced Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis via Sirt1-SOD2 Pathway in F9 Cells.
Abstract Increasing evidence has suggested an important role played by reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the pathogenesis of fluorosis. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that vitamin C administration ameliorate sodium fluoride (NaF)-induced oxidative stress. However, the potentially beneficial effects of vitamin C against NaF-induced cytotoxicity and the underlying molecular mechanisms of this protection are not fully understood. Here, we found that NaF stimulated cytotoxicity, increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mROS) production, and induced apoptosis in F9 embryonic carcinoma cells. Consistent with ...
Source: Biological Trace Element Research - December 18, 2018 Category: Biology Authors: Peng W, Xu S, Zhang J, Zhang Y Tags: Biol Trace Elem Res Source Type: research

1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 suppresses gastric cancer cell growth through VDR- and mutant p53-mediated induction of p21
Publication date: Available online 29 April 2017 Source:Life Sciences Author(s): Mingxing Li, Longfei Li, Lin Zhang, Wei Hu, Jing Shen, Zhangang Xiao, Xu Wu, Franky Leung Chan, Chi Hin Cho Aims Previous studies have indicated that vitamin D deficiency correlates with cancer risk and vitamin D potentiates antitumor effects in a variety of cancers. The antitumor effect of vitamin D on gastric cancer was rarely studied. We aimed to investigate the antitumor effect of vitamin D on gastric cancer and underlying mechanisms. Main methods We investigated the antitumor activity of the active form of vitamin D, 1α,25-dihydroxyvita...
Source: Life Sciences - April 30, 2017 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Inhibition of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Oxidative Stress by Vitamin D in Endothelial Cells.
Abstract Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and oxidative stress promote endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. Since vitamin D has been shown in several studies to lower the risk of cardiovascular disease, we examined the effects of vitamin D on ER stress and oxidative stress in endothelial cells. ER stress was measured using the placental secreted alkaline phosphatase assay and oxidative stress was measured by hydroethidine fluorescence. Expression of ER stress markers, including glucose-regulated protein 78, c-jun N-terminal kinase 1 phosphorylation, and eukaryotic initiation factor 2α phosphorylation, as...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - July 21, 2016 Category: Biology Authors: Haas MJ, Jafri M, Wehmeier KR, Onstead-Haas LM, Mooradian AD Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research

SVCT2, a potential therapeutic target, protects against oxidative stress during ethanol-induced neurotoxicity via JNK/p38 MAPKs, NF-κB and miRNA125a-5p.
Abstract Sodium vitamin C transporter 2 (SVCT2) plays a key role in transporting ascorbic acid (AA), an important intracellular antioxidant, into neurons. It is well known that ethanol (EtOH) abuse causes significant neurodegeneration, as well as endogenous AA release in certain encephalic regions. Here, we identified that SVCT2 forms part of a self-defense mechanism that protects against oxidative stress in binge drinking rats, and SVCT2 levels are correlated with antioxidants and neuronal injury. Four days of binge drinking led to massive neuron degeneration in prefrontal cortex (PFC), accompanied by increased l...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - April 12, 2016 Category: Biology Authors: Tian H, Ye X, Hou X, Yang X, Yang J, Wu C Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research

DHA-induced stress response in human colon cancer cells-focus on oxidative stress and autophagy.
Abstract Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are important constituents of the diet and health benefits of omega-3/n-3 PUFAs, especially eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) have been well documented in relation to several diseases. Increasing evidence suggests that n-3 PUFAs may have anticancer activity and improve the effect of conventional cancer therapy. The mechanisms behind these effects are still unclear and need to be elucidated. We have examined the DHA-induced stress response in two human colon cancer cell lines, SW620 and Caco-2. SW620 cells are growth-inhibited a...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - November 13, 2015 Category: Biology Authors: Pettersen K, Monsen VT, Hakvåg Pettersen CH, Overland HB, Pettersen G, Samdal H, Tesfahun AN, Lundemo AG, Bjørkøy G, Schønberg S Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research

Competitive regulation of human intestinal β-carotene 15,15′-monooxygenase 1 (BCMO1) gene expression by hepatocyte nuclear factor (HNF)-1α and HNF-4α
Publication date: Available online 30 October 2014 Source:Life Sciences Author(s): Noriaki Yamaguchi , Akiko Sunto , Toshinao Goda , Kazuhito Suruga Aim Among the pro-vitamin A carotenoids, β-carotene is an excellent source of vitamin A. β-Carotene 15,15′-monooxygenase 1 (BCMO1) is a critical enzyme involved in the conversion of β-carotene into vitamin A (retinal) in the small intestine of many vertebrates. In the present study, we investigated the regulation of human BCMO1 gene expression using human intestinal Caco-2 BBe cells. Main methods We performed electrophoretic mobility shift assays and chromatin immunopr...
Source: Life Sciences - November 5, 2014 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Competitive regulation of human intestinal β-Carotene 15,15’-monooxygenase 1 (BCMO1) gene expression by hepatocyte nuclear factor (HNF)-1α and HNF-4α
Publication date: Available online 30 October 2014 Source:Life Sciences Author(s): Noriaki Yamaguchi , Akiko Sunto , Toshinao Goda , Kazuhito Suruga Aim Among the pro-vitamin A carotenoids, β-carotene is an excellent source of vitamin A. β-Carotene 15,15’-monooxygenase 1 (BCMO1) is a critical enzyme involved in the conversion of β-carotene into vitamin A (retinal) in the small intestine of many vertebrates. In the present study, we investigated the regulation of human BCMO1 gene expression using human intestinal Caco-2 BBe cells. Main methods We performed electrophoretic mobility shift assays and chromatin immunopr...
Source: Life Sciences - November 4, 2014 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Mitochondrial ascorbic acid transport is mediated by a low-affinity form of the sodium-coupled ascorbic acid transporter-2 (SVCT2).
We report here that human HEK-293 cells express a mitochondrial low-affinity ascorbic acid transporter that molecularly corresponds to SVCT2, a member of the sodium-coupled ascorbic acid transporter family 2. The transporter SVCT1 is absent from the HEK-293 cells. Confocal colocalization experiments with anti-SVCT2 and anti-organelle protein markers revealed that most of the SVCT2 immunoreactivity was associated with mitochondria, with minor colocalization at the endoplasmic reticulum and very low immunoreactivity at the plasma membrane. Immunoblotting of proteins extracted from highly purified mitochondrial fractions conf...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - March 1, 2014 Category: Biology Authors: Muñoz-Montesino C, Roa FJ, Peña E, González M, Sotomayor K, Inostrosa E, Muñoz C, González I, Maldonado M, Soliz C, Reyes AM, Carlos Vera J, Rivas CI Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research