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Cancers, Vol. 14, Pages 2151: Role of Amino Acid Transporter SNAT1/SLC38A1 in Human Melanoma
In this study, we revealed a significant upregulation of SNAT1 expression in human melanoma tissue in comparison to healthy epidermis and an increased SNAT1 expression level in human melanoma cell lines when compared to normal human melanocytes (NHEMs). We demonstrated that functional inhibition of SNAT1 with α-(methylamino) isobutyric acid (MeAIB), as well as siRNA-mediated downregulation reduces cancer cell growth, cellular migration, invasion, and leads to induction of senescence in melanoma cells. Consequently, these results demonstrate that the amino acid transporter SNAT1 is essential for cancer growth,...
Source: Cancers - April 26, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Ines B öhme-Schäfer Sandra L örentz Anja Katrin Bosserhoff Tags: Article Source Type: research

NOD2 and TLR2 Signal via TBK1 and PI31 to Direct Cross-Presentation and CD8 T Cell Responses
The objective of this study was to explore the role of NOD2 and TLR2 in cross-presentation in human dendritic cells undertaking an unbiased screen. We have used a quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) followed by a computational analysis to identify the proteins as differentially abundant in response to NOD2 and TLR2 sensing. Validation of the phosphoproteomic analysis was performed by the detection of proteins in phosphoenriched lysates and detected by western blot. Techniques for the modulation of gene expression (shRNA and siRNA) were used to confirm the resu...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 29, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Gene Therapy Leaves a Vicious Cycle
Reena Goswami1, Gayatri Subramanian2, Liliya Silayeva1, Isabelle Newkirk1, Deborah Doctor1, Karan Chawla2, Saurabh Chattopadhyay2, Dhyan Chandra3, Nageswararao Chilukuri1 and Venkaiah Betapudi1,4* 1Neuroscience Branch, Research Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense, Aberdeen, MD, United States 2Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH, United States 3Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States 4Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University, Clev...
Source: Frontiers in Oncology - April 23, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Sanguinarine Induces Apoptosis Pathway in Multiple Myeloma Cell Lines via Inhibition of the JaK2/STAT3 Signaling
In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic activities of SNG in a panel of MM cell lines (U266, IM9, MM1S, and RPMI-8226). SNG treatment of MM cells resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in cell viability through mitochondrial membrane potential loss and activation of caspase 3, 9, and cleavage of PARP. Pre-treatment of MM cells with a universal caspase inhibitor, Z-VAD-FMK, prevented SNG mediated loss of cell viability, apoptosis, and caspase activation, confirming that SNG-mediated apoptosis is caspase-dependent. The SNG-mediated apoptosis appears to be resulted from suppres...
Source: Frontiers in Oncology - April 16, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Mitochondrial Complex IV Inhibition and Exogenous Oxidants Potently Synergize in Melanoma Cell Death Induction
In this study, we investigated murine (metastatic B16F10 and non-metastatic B16F0) as well as human (SK-Mel 28) melanoma cells, and compared them with murine (primary fibroblasts) and human (HaCaT keratinocytes) non-cancer cells. Mitochondrial complex IV inhibition was realized using sodium azide (NaN3) and potassium cyanide (KCN) and pharmacological inhibitor ADDA5. Exogenous oxidants were generated using cell culture medium that has been treated with the cold physical plasma effluent of an atmospheric pressure argon plasma jet (kINPen). This plasma-treated medium was subsequently applied to different cells. Metabolic act...
Source: Clinical Plasma Medicine - April 10, 2018 Category: Research Source Type: research