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Infectious Disease: H3N2

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Total 20 results found since Jan 2013.

LSC 2014 abstract - Influenza infection of human lung macrophages increases PDL1 expression via autologous IFN{beta}
Lung macrophages are an important defence against influenza infection, but macrophage function can be dysregulated by infection. Recent work has shown that acute immune responses to influenza in the murine lung are regulated by PDL1 expression leading to rapid modulation of CD8+ T cell responses via the PD1 receptor1. This PD1/PDL1 pathway may modulate acute inflammatory responses to prevent tissue damage. The aim of the present study was to investigate how human macrophages regulate their PDL1 expression in response to influenza infection. Human lung and monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) were exposed to H3N2 X31 influen...
Source: European Respiratory Journal - December 23, 2014 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Staples, K., Spalluto, C. M., McKendry, R. T., Wilkinson, T. M. A. Tags: 10.1 Respiratory Infections Source Type: research

ICAM-1 regulates the survival of influenza virus in lung epithelial cells during the early stages of infection.
Abstract Intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) is an inducible cell surface glycoprotein that is expressed on many cell types. Influenza virus infection enhanced ICAM-1 expression and messenger RNA levels. Human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEpC) and nasal epithelial cells, on exposure to different strains of influenza virus (H1N1, H3N2, and H9N1) showed significant increase in ICAM-1 gene expression (p<0.001) along with the ICAM-1 protein levels (surface and secreted). Depleting ICAM-1 in HBEpC with ICAM-1 siRNA and subsequently infecting with H1N1 showed increased viral copy numbers. Influenza virus...
Source: Virology - October 22, 2015 Category: Virology Authors: Othumpangat S, Noti JD, McMillen CM, Beezhold DH Tags: Virology Source Type: research

Targeting host calpain proteases decreases influenza A virus infection.
Abstract Influenza A viruses (IAV) trigger contagious acute respiratory diseases. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of IAV pathogenesis and host immune responses is required for the development of more efficient treatments of severe influenza. Calpains are intracellular proteases that participate to diverse cellular responses, including inflammation. Here, we used in vitro and in vivo approaches to investigate the role of calpains signalling in IAV pathogenesis. Calpain expression and activity were found altered in IAV-infected bronchial epithelial cells. Using siRNA gene silencing, specific synth...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology - January 8, 2016 Category: Cytology Authors: Blanc F, Furio L, Moisy D, Yen HL, Chignard M, Letavernier E, Naffakh N, Mok CK, Si-Tahar M Tags: Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol Source Type: research

Targeting host calpain proteases decreases influenza A virus infection
Influenza A viruses (IAV) trigger contagious acute respiratory diseases. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of IAV pathogenesis and host immune responses is required for the development of more efficient treatments of severe influenza. Calpains are intracellular proteases that participate in diverse cellular responses, including inflammation. Here, we used in vitro and in vivo approaches to investigate the role of calpain signaling in IAV pathogenesis. Calpain expression and activity were found altered in IAV-infected bronchial epithelial cells. With the use of small-interfering RNA (siRNA) gene silencing, ...
Source: AJP: Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology - March 31, 2016 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Blanc, F., Furio, L., Moisy, D., Yen, H.-L., Chignard, M., Letavernier, E., Naffakh, N., Mok, C. K. P., Si-Tahar, M. Tags: ARTICLES Source Type: research

Hemagglutinin of influenza A virus binds specifically to cell surface nucleolin and plays a role in virus internalization.
Abstract The hemagglutinin (HA) protein of influenza A virus initiates cell entry by binding to sialic acids on target cells. In the current study, we demonstrated that in addition to sialic acids, influenza A/Puerto Rico/8/34 H1N1 (PR8) virus HA specifically binds to cell surface nucleolin (NCL). The interaction between HA and NCL was initially revealed with virus overlay protein binding assay (VOPBA) and subsequently verified with co-immunoprecipitation. Importantly, inhibiting cell surface NCL with NCL antibody, blocking PR8 viruses with purified NCL protein, or depleting endogenous NCL with siRNA all substanti...
Source: Virology - April 12, 2016 Category: Virology Authors: Chan CM, Chu H, Zhang AJ, Leung LH, Sze KH, Kao RY, Chik KK, To KK, Chan JF, Chen H, Jin DY, Liu L, Yuen KY Tags: Virology Source Type: research

Induction of IFN- β through both TLR-3- and RIG-I-mediated signaling pathways in canine respiratory epithelial cells infected with H3N2 canine influenza virus
In this study, we aimed to determine the signaling pathways leading to the induction of IFN-β in a canine respiratory epithelial cell line (i.e., KU-CBE) infected with the H3N2 subtype of CIV. Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) specific to pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and transcription factors were used to block the IFN-β-induction signals in H3N2 CIV-infected KU-CBE cells. Among the PRRs, only the TLR3 and RIG-I expression levels significantly (P < 0.001) increased in CIV-infected cells. Following transfection with siRNA specific to TLR3 (siTLR3) or RIG-I (siRIG-I), the mRNA expression levels of IFN-β significa...
Source: Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology - June 8, 2021 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Woo-Jung Park Sang-Hoon Han Dong-Hwi Kim Young-Jo Song Joong-Bok Lee Seung-Yong Park Chang-Seon Song Sang-Won Lee In-Soo Choi Source Type: research