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Source: Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology
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Total 76 results found since Jan 2013.
Pannexin-2-deficiency sensitizes pancreatic β-cells to cytokine-induced apoptosis in vitro and impairs glucose tolerance in vivo
Publication date: Available online 5 April 2017 Source:Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology Author(s): Lukas A. Berchtold, Michela Miani, Thi A. Diep, Andreas N. Madsen, Valentina Cigliola, Maikel Colli, Jelena M. Krivokapic, Flemming Pociot, Decio L. Eizirik, Paolo Meda, Birgitte Holst, Nils Billestrup, Joachim Størling Pannexins (Panx's) are membrane proteins involved in a variety of biological processes, including cell death signaling and immune functions. The role and functions of Panx's in pancreatic β-cells remain to be clarified. Here, we show Panx1 and Panx2 expression in isolated islets, primary β-cells, and Î...
Source: Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology - April 11, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Pannexin-2-deficiency sensitizes pancreatic β-cells to cytokine-induced apoptosis in vitro and impairs glucose tolerance in vivo
Publication date: Available online 5 April 2017 Source:Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology Author(s): Lukas A. Berchtold, Michela Miani, Thi A. Diep, Andreas N. Madsen, Valentina Cigliola, Maikel Colli, Jelena M. Krivokapic, Flemming Pociot, Decio L. Eizirik, Paolo Meda, Birgitte Holst, Nils Billestrup, Joachim Størling Pannexins (Panx's) are membrane proteins involved in a variety of biological processes, including cell death signaling and immune functions. The role and functions of Panx's in pancreatic β-cells remain to be clarified. Here, we show Panx1 and Panx2 expression in isolated islets, primary β-cells, and Î...
Source: Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology - April 6, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and nerve growth factor in the regulation of Neuropeptide W in vitro and in vivo
Publication date: Available online 27 February 2017 Source:Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology Author(s): Rikang Wang, Fengxia Yan, Rifang Liao, Pei Wan, Peter J. Little, Wenhua Zheng Nerve growth factor (NGF) and Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) are neurotrophic factors involved in the growth, survival and functioning of neurons. In addition, a possible role of neurotrophins, particularly BDNF, in HPA axis hyperactivation has recently been proposed. Neuropeptide W (NPW) is an endogenous peptide ligand for the GPR7 and GPR8 and a stress mediator in the hypothalamus. It activates the HPA axis by working on hypotha...
Source: Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology - February 26, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Teneurin-2 (TENM2) deficiency induces UCP1 expression in differentiating human fat cells
Publication date: 5 March 2017 Source:Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Volume 443 Author(s): D. Tews, T. Fromme, M. Keuper, S.M. Hofmann, K.M. Debatin, M. Klingenspor, M. Wabitsch, P. Fischer-Posovszky Under certain conditions UCP1 expressing adipocytes arise in white adipose tissue depots of both mice and humans. It is still not fully understood whether these cells differentiate de novo from specific progenitor cells or if they transdifferentiate from mature white adipocytes. Performing expression pattern analysis comparing adipocyte progenitor cells from deep and subcutaneous neck adipose tissue, we recently identi...
Source: Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology - February 6, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Mitochondrial Uncoupling Protein 2 in human cumulus cells is associated with regulating autophagy and apoptosis, maintaining gap junction integrity and progesterone synthesis
Publication date: 5 March 2017 Source:Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Volume 443 Author(s): Hongshan Ge, Fan Zhang, Ping Duan, Nan Zhu, Jiayan Zhang, Feijun Ye, Dan Shan, Hua Chen, XiaoSheng Lu, ChunFang Zhu, Renshan Ge, Zhenkun Lin To explore the roles of mitochondrial Uncoupling Protein 2 (UCP2) in cumulus cells (CCs), human CCs were cultured in vitro, and the UCP2 was inhibited by treatment with Genipin, a special UCP inhibitor, or by RNA interference targeting UCP2. No significant differences in adenosine triphosphate levels and the ratio of ADP/ATP were observed after UCP2 inhibition. UCP2 inhibition caused a ...
Source: Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology - February 6, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
SNAREs and cholesterol movement for steroidogenesis
Publication date: 5 February 2017 Source:Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Volume 441 Author(s): Fredric B. Kraemer, Wen-Jun Shen, Salman Azhar Steroidogenesis is a complex process through which cholesterol traffics to mitochondria and is converted via a series of enzymatic steps to steroid hormones. Although the rate-limiting step in this process is the movement of cholesterol from the outer to the inner mitochondrial membrane via the actions of StAR, a continuous supply of cholesterol must be delivered to the outer mitochondrial membrane during active steroidogenesis and this is derived from multiple sources, includ...
Source: Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology - January 8, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
1,25-Dihydroxy vitamin D3 stimulates system A amino acid transport in primary human trophoblast cells
In conclusion, 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 regulates System A activity through increased mRNA expression of SNAT2 transporters. Effects on placental amino acid transport may be the mechanism underlying the association between maternal vitamin D status and fetal growth.
Source: Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology - December 15, 2016 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Annexin A6 regulates adipocyte lipid storage and adiponectin release
Publication date: 5 January 2017 Source:Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Volume 439 Author(s): Sabrina Krautbauer, Elisabeth M. Haberl, Kristina Eisinger, Rebekka Pohl, Lisa Rein-Fischboeck, Carles Rentero, Anna Alvarez-Guaita, Carlos Enrich, Thomas Grewal, Christa Buechler, Markus Neumeier Lipid storage and adipokine secretion are critical features of adipocytes. Annexin A6 (AnxA6) is a lipid-binding protein regulating secretory pathways and its role in adiponectin release was examined. The siRNA-mediated AnxA6 knock-down in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes impaired proliferation, and differentiation of AnxA6-depleted cells to ...
Source: Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology - November 22, 2016 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Exendin-4 decreases ghrelin levels through mTOR signaling
Publication date: 5 December 2016 Source:Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Volume 437 Author(s): Xiaosi Hong, Heng Zhang, Hongbin Liang, Danjie Li, Jiana Huang, Zhi Li, Sibo Jiang, Weizhen Zhang, Geyang Xu Exendin-4 (EX-4), a long-acting glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonist, regulates feeding behavior through its ability to inhibit gastric emptying. Ghrelin, a gastric hormone, provides a hunger signal to the central nervous system to stimulate appetite. Here, we report that EX-4 suppresses ghrelin production through the mTORC1-dependent mechanism. Central administration of EX-4 reduces gastric, hypothalam...
Source: Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology - August 30, 2016 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
β-arrestins regulate gonadotropin receptor-mediated cell proliferation and apoptosis by controlling different FSHR or LHCGR intracellular signaling in the hGL5 cell line
In this study, we used the human granulosa cell line hGL5 to demonstrate how follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) differently control proliferative or apoptotic signals, revealing novel intrinsic properties of their receptors (FSHR, LHCGR). We found that, in this tumor-like cell line, the expression of endogenous FSHR and LHCGR is serum-dependent, but both receptors were unable to activate the canonical cAMP/PKA pathway upon gonadotropin stimulation, failing to produce cAMP, progesterone and G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR)-mediated apoptosis in vitro. Conversely, ligand treatment resulted in F...
Source: Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology - August 10, 2016 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Triiodothyronine enhances accumulation of intracellular lipids in adipocytes through thyroid hormone receptor α via direct and indirect mechanisms
Publication date: Available online 28 April 2016 Source:Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology Author(s): Yurina Gambo, Miki Matsumura, Ko Fujimori Triiodothyronine (T3) enhanced the expression of adipogenic and lipogenic genes with elevation of the intracellular lipids through thyroid hormone receptor (TR) α in mouse 3T3-L1 cells. However, the transcription of the SREBP-1c and HSL genes was decreased by T3. Such T3-mediated alterations were negated by TRα siRNA. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay showed that the binding of TRα to the TR-responsive element (TRE) of the FAS promoter was elevated by T3. In contrast, t...
Source: Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology - April 28, 2016 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Sensitization of androgen refractory prostate cancer cells to anti-androgens through re-expression of epigenetically repressed androgen receptor – Synergistic action of quercetin and curcumin
Publication date: Available online 28 April 2016 Source:Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology Author(s): Vikas Sharma, Lokesh Kumar, Sujit K. Mohanty, Jagdamba P. Maikhuri, Singh Rajender, Gopal Gupta Epigenetic repression of Androgen Receptor (AR) gene by hypermethylation of its promoter causes resistance in prostate cancer (CaP) to androgen deprivation therapy with anti-androgens. Some dietary phytocompounds like quercetin (Q) and curcumin (C) with reported DNMT-inhibitory activity were tested for their ability to re-express the AR in AR-negative CaP cell lines PC3 and DU145. Combined treatment with Q+C was much m...
Source: Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology - April 28, 2016 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Endoplasmic reticulum stress regulates inflammation and insulin resistance in skeletal muscle from pregnant women
Publication date: 15 April 2016 Source:Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Volume 425 Author(s): Stella Liong, Martha Lappas Sterile inflammation and infection are key mediators of inflammation and peripheral insulin resistance associated with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Studies have shown endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress to induce inflammation and insulin resistance associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes, however is paucity of studies investigating the effects of ER stress in skeletal muscle on inflammation and insulin resistance associated with GDM. ER stress proteins IRE1α, GRP78 and XBP-1s were up...
Source: Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology - March 3, 2016 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Endoplasmic reticulum stress regulates inflammation and insulin resistance in pregnant skeletal muscle
Publication date: Available online 20 February 2016 Source:Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology Author(s): Stella Liong, Martha Lappas Sterile inflammation and infection are key mediators of inflammation and peripheral insulin resistance associated with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Studies have shown endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress to induce inflammation and insulin resistance associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes, however is paucity of studies investigating the effects of ER stress in skeletal muscle on inflammation and insulin resistance associated with GDM. ER stress proteins IRE1α, GRP78 and XBP-1s...
Source: Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology - February 20, 2016 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
HNF1 regulates critical processes in the human epididymis epithelium
Publication date: Available online 22 January 2016 Source:Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology Author(s): James A. Browne, Rui Yang, Scott E. Eggener, Shih-Hsing Leir, Ann Harris The luminal environment of the epididymis participates in sperm maturation and impacts male fertility. It is dependent on the coordinated expression of many genes encoding proteins with a role in epithelial transport. We identified cis-regulatory elements for critical genes in epididymis function, by mapping open chromatin genome-wide in human epididymis epithelial (HEE) cells. Bioinformatic predictions of transcription factors binding to t...
Source: Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology - January 23, 2016 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
