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Source: Neurochemical Research

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Total 105 results found since Jan 2013.

MEKK1 Associated with Neuronal Apoptosis Following Intracerebral Hemorrhage.
In this study, we identified a MAPK kinase kinase (MAPKKK), MEKK1, may be involved in neuronal apoptosis in the processes of ICH through the activation of JNKs. From the results of western blot, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence, we obtained a significant up-regulation of MEKK1 in neurons adjacent to the hematoma following ICH. Increasing MEKK1 level was found to be accompanied with the up-regulation of p-JNK 3, p53, and c-jun. Besides, MEKK1 co-localized well with p-JNK in neurons, indicating its potential role in neuronal apoptosis. What's more, our in vitro study, using MEKK1 siRNA interference in PC12 cells, ...
Source: Neurochemical Research - September 22, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Lu H, Ning X, Tao X, Ren J, Song X, Tao W, Zhu L, Han L, Tao T, Yang J Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research

The Expression of IGFBP6 after Spinal Cord Injury: Implications for Neuronal Apoptosis.
In this study, we have performed an acute SCI model in adult rats and investigated the dynamic changes of IGFBP6 expression in the spinal cord. Our results showed that IGFBP6 was upregulated significantly after SCI, which was paralleled with the levels of apoptotic proteins p53 and active caspase-3. Immunofluorescent labeling showed that IGFBP6 was co-localizated with active caspase-3 and p53 in neurons. To further investigate the function of IGFBP6, an apoptosis model was established in primary neuronal cells. When IGFBP6 was knocked down by specific short interfering RNA (siRNA), the protein levels of active caspase-3 an...
Source: Neurochemical Research - November 25, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Wang S, Liu Y, Wu C, Zhao W, Zhang J, Bao G, Xu G, Sun Y, Chen J, Cui Z Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research

Pinocembrin Attenuates Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Human Neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y Cells Exposed to Methylglyoxal: Role for the Erk1/2-Nrf2 Signaling Pathway.
Abstract Pinocembrin (PB; 5,7-dihydroxyflavanone) is found in propolis and exhibits antioxidant activity in several experimental models. The antioxidant capacity of PB is associated with the activation of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/antioxidant response element (Nrf2/ARE) signaling pathway. The Nrf2/ARE axis mediates the expression of antioxidant and detoxifying enzymes, such as glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and the catalytic (GCLC) and regulatory (GCLM) subunits of the rate-limiting enzyme in the synthesis of glutathione (GSH), γ-glutamate-...
Source: Neurochemical Research - December 20, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: de Oliveira MR, Peres A, Ferreira GC Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research

Hemin protects against oxygen-glucose deprivation-induced apoptosis activation via neuroglobin in SH-SY5Y cells.
This study aimed to investigate the mechanism underlying the neuroprotective effect of hemin in oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD)-treated neurons. OGD-treated SH-SY5Y cells (human neuroblastoma cells) were used in the study. The cellular viability of SH-SY5Y cells was assessed by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, and the cell apoptosis rate was determined by flow cytometry analysis with Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate and propidium iodide staining with or without hemin pretreatment. Cell viability and apoptotic activation were detected after hemin administration combined with neuro...
Source: Neurochemical Research - March 18, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Wang YJ, Peng QY, Deng SY, Chen CX, Wu L, Huang L, Zhang LN Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research

Oxabicycloheptene Sulfonate Protects Against β-Amyloid-induced Toxicity by Activation of PI3K/Akt and ERK Signaling Pathways Via GPER1 in C6 Cells.
Abstract Oxabicycloheptene sulfonate (OBHS) is a novel bicyclic core selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) with estrogen receptor (ER) antagonistic-activity and anti-inflammatory activity. However, little is known about protective action of OBHS on neurodegenerative disorders. In the present study, OBHS demonstrated a remarkably protective effect against amyloid beta (Aβ) induced cytotoxicity via G-protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER1) in rat astroglial cell line (C6). The C6 cell death induced by Aβ was decreased by OBHS (1 μM) treatment for 45 min. This rapid protective action was blocked by GP...
Source: Neurochemical Research - April 4, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Deng LJ, Cheng C, Wu J, Wang CH, Zhou HB, Huang J Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research

P2X7 Participates in Intracerebral Hemorrhage-Induced Secondary Brain Injury in Rats via MAPKs Signaling Pathways.
This study aimed to study the role of P2X7 in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH)-induced secondary brain injury (SBI) and the underlying mechanisms. An autologous blood injection was used to induce ICH model in Sprague-Dawley rats, and cultured primary rat cortical neurons were exposed to oxyhemoglobin to mimic ICH in vitro. siRNA interference and over-expression of P2X7, agonists and antagonists of P2X7, p38 MAPK and ERK were exploited. The protein levels were assessed using Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling staining and Fluoro-Jade B were conducted ...
Source: Neurochemical Research - May 9, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Wen Z, Mei B, Li H, Dou Y, Tian X, Shen M, Chen G Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research

Genipin Inhibits LPS-Induced Inflammatory Response in BV2 Microglial Cells.
In conclusion, genipin inhibited LPS-induced inflammatory response by activating Nrf2 signaling pathway in BV2 microglia. PMID: 28497344 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Neurochemical Research - May 11, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Wang J, Chen L, Liang Z, Li Y, Yuan F, Liu J, Tian Y, Hao Z, Zhou F, Liu X, Cao Y, Zheng Y, Li Q Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research

Glycogen Shunt Activity and Glycolytic Supercompensation in Astrocytes May Be Distinctly Mediated via the Muscle Form of Glycogen Phosphorylase.
Abstract Glycogen is the main storage form of glucose in the brain. In contrast with previous beliefs, brain glycogen has recently been shown to play important roles in several brain functions. A fraction of metabolized glucose molecules are being shunted through glycogen before reentering the glycolytic pathway, a phenomenon known as the glycogen shunt. The significance of glycogen in astrocyte energetics is underlined by high activity of the glycogen shunt and the finding that inhibition of glycogen degradation, under some conditions leads to a disproportional increase in glycolytic activity, so-called glycolyti...
Source: Neurochemical Research - May 11, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Jakobsen E, Bak LK, Walls AB, Reuschlein AK, Schousboe A, Waagepetersen HS Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research

2',3'-Dideoxycytidine Protects Dopaminergic Neurons in a Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease.
Abstract DNA polymerase-β (DNA pol-β) plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). The aim of this study was to investigate the neuroprotective effects of a DNA polymerase-β inhibitor 2',3'-dideoxycytidine (DDC) in PD models. In the in vitro studies, primary cultured neurons were challenged with 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP(+)). The expression of DNA pol-β was assessed using western blot. The neuroprotective effect of DNA pol-β knockdown and DNA pol-β inhibitor DDC was determined using cell viability assay and caspase-3 activity assay. We found that MPP(+) induced neuronal de...
Source: Neurochemical Research - June 19, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Niu J, Xiong J, Hu D, Zeng F, Nie S, Mao S, Wang T, Zhang Z, Zhang Z Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research

Ginkgolide B Suppresses Methamphetamine-Induced Microglial Activation Through TLR4-NF- κB Signaling Pathway in BV2 Cells.
Ginkgolide B Suppresses Methamphetamine-Induced Microglial Activation Through TLR4-NF-κB Signaling Pathway in BV2 Cells. Neurochem Res. 2017 Jul 15;: Authors: Wan F, Zang S, Yu G, Xiao H, Wang J, Tang J Abstract Accumulating evidence suggests that microglial cells have altered morphology and proliferation in different brain regions of methamphetamine (Meth) abusers and Meth-abusing animal models. However, the possible mechanisms underlying Meth-induced microglial activation remain poorly understood. Meanwhile, Toll-like receptor4 (TLR4) is closely associated with inflammation. Therefore the aim of th...
Source: Neurochemical Research - July 15, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Wan F, Zang S, Yu G, Xiao H, Wang J, Tang J Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research

Regulation of Clock Genes by Adrenergic Receptor Signaling in Osteoblasts.
Abstract The clock system has been identified as one of the major mechanisms controlling cellular functions. Circadian clock gene oscillations also actively participate in the functions of various cell types including bone-related cells. Previous studies demonstrated that clock genes were expressed in bone tissue and also that their expression exhibited circadian rhythmicity. Recent findings have shown that sympathetic tone plays a central role in biological oscillations in bone. Adrenergic receptor (AR) signaling regulates the expression of clock genes in cancellous bone. Furthermore, α1-AR signaling in osteobla...
Source: Neurochemical Research - July 27, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Hirai T Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research

Fascin-1 Contributes to Neuropathic Pain by Promoting Inflammation in Rat Spinal Cord.
Abstract Neuropathic pain is a complicated clinical syndrome caused by heterogeneous etiology. Despite the fact that the underlying mechanisms remain elusive, it is well accepted that neuroinflammation plays a critical role in the development of neuropathic pain. Fascin-1, an actin-bundling protein, has been proved to be involved in the processing of diverse biological events including cellular development, immunity, and tumor invasion etc. Recent studies have shown that Fascin-1 participates in antigen presentation and the regulation of pro-inflammatory agents. However, whether Fascin-1 is involved in neuropathic...
Source: Neurochemical Research - October 19, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Wang B, Fan B, Dai Q, Xu X, Jiang P, Zhu L, Dai H, Yao Z, Xu Z, Liu X Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research

Nrf2 Signaling Pathway Mediates the Antioxidative Effects of Taurine Against Corticosterone-Induced Cell Death in HUMAN SK-N-SH Cells.
Abstract Substantial evidence has shown that elevated circulating corticosteroids or chronic stress contributes to neuronal cell death, cognitive and mental disorders. However, the underlying mechanism is still unclear. Taurine is considered to protect neuronal cells from apoptotic cell death in neurodegenerative diseases and neuropsychiatric disorders. In the present study, the protective effects of taurine against corticosterone (CORT)-induced oxidative damage in SK-N-SH neuronal cells were investigated. The results showed that CORT significantly induced cell death, which was blocked by pretreatment with taurine...
Source: Neurochemical Research - October 23, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Sun Q, Jia N, Yang J, Chen G Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research

Resveratrol Attenuates the Cytotoxicity Induced by Amyloid- β1-42 in PC12 Cells by Upregulating Heme Oxygenase-1 via the PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 Pathway.
Resveratrol Attenuates the Cytotoxicity Induced by Amyloid-β1-42 in PC12 Cells by Upregulating Heme Oxygenase-1 via the PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 Pathway. Neurochem Res. 2017 Oct 31;: Authors: Hui Y, Chengyong T, Cheng L, Haixia H, Yuanda Z, Weihua Y Abstract Oxidative stress and cytotoxic damage induced by amyloid beta (Aβ) have been considered pivotal in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and may represent a target for treatment. The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway elicits a survival signal to protect against multiple injuries, and the transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2...
Source: Neurochemical Research - October 31, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Hui Y, Chengyong T, Cheng L, Haixia H, Yuanda Z, Weihua Y Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research

Naringenin Exerts Anti-inflammatory Effects in Paraquat-Treated SH-SY5Y Cells Through a Mechanism Associated with the Nrf2/HO-1 Axis.
Abstract Naringenin (NGN; 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one; C15H12O5), a flavanone, is found in citrus fruits and has been viewed as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent. NGN is a potent inducer of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and upregulates the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), an enzyme exhibiting both antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. The complete mechanism by which NGN exerts anti-inflammatory actions is not completely understood yet. Therefore, we investigated here whether NGN would be able to reduce the inflammation induced by paraquat ...
Source: Neurochemical Research - February 6, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: de Oliveira MR, Andrade CMB, Fürstenau CR Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research