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2AB protein of Senecavirus A antagonizes selective autophagy and type I interferon production by degrading LC3 and MARCHF8
This study showed that SVA infection induced the autophagy process in the early stage of SVA infection, and the rapamycin-induced autophagy inhibited SVA replication by degrading virus 3 C protein. To counteract this, SVA utilized 2AB protein inhibiting the autophagy process from promoting viral replication in the late stage of SVA infection. Further study showed that SVA 2AB protein interacted with MARCHF8/MARCH8 and LC3 to degrade the latter and inhibit the autophagy process. In addition, we found that MARCHF8 was a positive regulator of type I IFN (IFN-I) signaling. During the autophagy process, the SVA 2AB protein targ...
Source: Autophagy - December 29, 2021 Category: Cytology Authors: Dage Sun Ning Kong Sujie Dong Xiaoyong Chen Wenzhen Qin Hua Wang Yajuan Jiao Huanjie Zhai Liwei Li Fei Gao Lingxue Yu Hao Zheng Wu Tong Hai Yu Wen Zhang Guangzhi Tong Tongling Shan Source Type: research

Autophagy inhibition mediated by MCOLN1/TRPML1 suppresses cancer metastasis via regulating a ROS-driven TP53/p53 pathway
This study demonstrates that autophagy inhibition induced by MCOLN1/TRPML1 suppresses cancer metastasis by evoking the ROS-mediated TP53/p53 pathway. First, we found that MCOLN1-mediated autophagy inhibition not only profoundly inhibits both migration and invasion in malignant melanoma and glioma cell lines in vitro, but also suppresses melanoma metastasis in vivo. Second, our study reveals that autophagy inhibition induced by MCOLN1 leads to damaged mitochondria accumulation followed by large quantities of ROS release. Third, we demonstrate that the elevated ROS resulting from autophagy inhibition subsequently triggers TP...
Source: Autophagy - December 8, 2021 Category: Cytology Authors: Yanhong Xing Xiangqing Wei Yucheng Liu Meng-Meng Wang Zhongheng Sui Xinyan Wang Wucheng Zhu Mengmei Wu Chen Lu Yuan-Hui Fei Yi Jiang Yang Zhang Yuqing Wang Feng Guo Jun-Li Cao Jiansong Qi Wuyang Wang Source Type: research

HYPK coordinates degradation of polyneddylated proteins by autophagy
Autophagy. 2021 Nov 26:1-22. doi: 10.1080/15548627.2021.1997053. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTSelective degradation of protein aggregates by macroautophagy/autophagy is an essential homeostatic process of safeguarding cells from the effects of proteotoxicity. Among the ubiquitin-like proteins, NEDD8 conjugation to misfolded proteins is prominent in stress-induced protein aggregates, albeit the function of neddylation in autophagy is unclear. Here, we report that polyneddylation functions as a post-translational modification for autophagic degradation of proteotoxic-stress induced protein aggregates. We also show that HYPK...
Source: Autophagy - November 27, 2021 Category: Cytology Authors: Debasish Kumar Ghosh Akash Ranjan Source Type: research

Extracellular vesicles originating from autophagy mediate an antibody-resistant spread of classical swine fever virus in cell culture
In this study, we systematically analyzed the spreading of classical swine fever virus (CSFV) using multiple viral replication analysis in combination with antibody neutralization, transwell assay, and electron microscopy, and identified an extracellular vesicle (EV)-mediated spreading of CSFV in cell cultures. In this approach, intact CSFV virions are enclosed within EVs and transferred into uninfected cells with the movement of EVs, leading to an antibody-resistant infection of the virus. Using fractionation assays, immunostaining, and electron microscopy, we characterized the CSFV-containing EVs and demonstrated that th...
Source: Autophagy - November 6, 2021 Category: Cytology Authors: Tao Wang Liang Zhang Wulong Liang Shanchuan Liu Wen Deng Yangruiyu Liu Yaru Liu Mengzhao Song Kangkang Guo Yanming Zhang Source Type: research

Newcastle disease virus degrades SIRT3 via PINK1-PRKN-dependent mitophagy to reprogram energy metabolism in infected cells
In this study, we show that NDV infection reprograms cell metabolism by increasing glucose utilization in the glycolytic pathway. Mechanistically, NDV induces mitochondrial damage, elevated mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mROS) and ETC dysfunction. Infection of cells depletes nucleotide triphosphate levels, resulting in elevated AMP:ATP ratios, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation, and MTOR crosstalk mediated autophagy. In a time-dependent manner, NDV shifts the balance of mitochondrial dynamics from fusion to fission. Subsequently, PINK1-PRKN-dependent mitophagy was activated, forming a ubiquitin cha...
Source: Autophagy - November 1, 2021 Category: Cytology Authors: Yabin Gong Ning Tang Panrao Liu Yingjie Sun Shanxin Lu Weiwei Liu Lei Tan Cuiping Song Xusheng Qiu Ying Liao Shengqing Yu Xiufan Liu Shu-Hai Lin Chan Ding Source Type: research

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