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Plant-Derived Alkaloids: The Promising Disease-Modifying Agents for Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Conclusion This paper summarizes the current findings regarding the anti-colitis activity of plant-derived alkaloids and shows how these alkaloids exhibit significant and beneficial effects in alleviating colonic inflammation. These natural alkaloids are not only promising agents for IBD treatment but are also components for developing new wonder drugs. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms or toxicological evaluation of most plant-derived alkaloids still require much scientific research, and their actual efficacies for IBD patients have not been verified well in field research. Thus, further clinical trials to elu...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 11, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Exogenous H2S regulates endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria cross-talk to inhibit apoptotic pathways in STZ-induced type I diabetes
This study investigated cardiac function, ultrastructural changes in the ER and mitochondria, apoptotic rate using TUNEL, and the expression of ER stress-associated proteins and mitochondrial apoptotic proteins in cardiac tissues in STZ-induced type I diabetic rats treated with or without NaHS (donor of H2S). Mitochondria of cardiac tissues were isolated, and MPTP opening and cytochrome c (cyt C) and Mfn-2 expression were also detected. Our data showed that hyperglycemia decreased the cardiac function by ultrasound cardiogram, and the administration of exogenous H2S ameliorated these changes. We demonstrated that the expre...
Source: AJP: Endocrinology and Metabolism - March 1, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Yang, F., Yu, X., Li, T., Wu, J., Zhao, Y., Liu, J., Sun, A., Dong, S., Wu, J., Zhong, X., Xu, C., Lu, F., Zhang, W. Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Exogenous H2S regulates endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria cross-talk to inhibit apoptotic pathways in STZ-induced type I diabetes.
CONCLUSION: Hyperglycemia stimulated ER interactions and mitochondrial apoptotic pathways, which were inhibited by exogenous H2S treatment through the regulation of Mfn-2 expression. PMID: 27998959 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Am J Physiol Endocri... - December 19, 2016 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Yang F, Yu X, Li T, Wu J, Zhao Y, Sun A, Dong S, Wu J, Zhong X, Xu C, Lu F, Zhang W Tags: Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab Source Type: research

Tumor Necrosis Factor-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand (TRAIL) Promotes Angiogenesis and Ischemia-Induced Neovascularization Via NADPH Oxidase 4 (NOX4) and Nitric Oxide-Dependent Mechanisms Coronary Heart Disease
Conclusions This is the first report demonstrating that TRAIL can promote angiogenesis following hindlimb ischemia in vivo. The angiogenic effect of TRAIL on human microvascular endothelial cell-1 cells is downstream of fibroblast growth factor-2, involving NOX4 and nitric oxide signaling. These data have significant therapeutic implications, such that TRAIL may improve the angiogenic response to ischemia and increase perfusion recovery in patients with cardiovascular disease and diabetes.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - November 16, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Di Bartolo, B. A., Cartland, S. P., Prado-Lourenco, L., Griffith, T. S., Gentile, C., Ravindran, J., Azahri, N. S. M., Thai, T., Yeung, A. W. S., Thomas, S. R., Kavurma, M. M. Tags: Coronary Heart Disease Source Type: research

Rap1 ameliorates renal tubular injury in diabetic nephropathy.
Abstract Rap1b ameliorates high glucose (HG)-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in tubular cells. However, its role and precise mechanism in diabetic nephropathy (DN) in vivo remains unclear. We hypothesize that Rap1 plays a protective role in tubular damage of DN by modulating primarily the mitochondria-derived oxidative stress.The role and precise mechanisms of Rap1b on mitochondrial dysfunction and of tubular cells in DN was examined in rats with Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes that have Rap1b gene transfer using an ultrasound microbubble-mediated technique as well as in renal proximal epithelial tubular c...
Source: Diabetes - December 18, 2013 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Xiao L, Zhu X, Yang S, Liu F, Zhou Z, Zhan M, Xie P, Zhang D, Li J, Song P, Kanwar YS, Sun L Tags: Diabetes Source Type: research