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Cancer: Astrocytoma

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Total 44 results found since Jan 2013.

STMC-26. MULTIVALENT CATIONIC LIPOSOMES FOR siRNA TRANSFECTION OF PATIENT DERIVED GLIOMA INITIATING CELLS
Glioma initiating cells (GICs) have been implicated as the root cause of treatment failure and tumor recurrence in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Therapeutic targeting of GICs is therefore essential to ensure effective treatment without relapse. A novel approach to modulate protein expression in cancer cells is the delivery of siRNAs using liposomes. However, past attempts to transfect cells using neutral liposomes have proven challenging and inefficient owing to the highly refractory nature of these cells. We therefore sought to develop a multivalent cationic liposome (MVCL) formulation for efficient and reproducible...
Source: Neuro-Oncology - November 6, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Ravi, V., Madhankumar, A. B. Tags: STEM CELLS Source Type: research

High-Throughput Characterization of Viral and Cellular Protein Expression Patterns During JC Polyomavirus Infection
Discussion The study of viral infections in vitro has provided innumerable advances to the field of virology. However, the lack of rapid and efficient screening tools has hindered research progress for some viruses, like JCPyV (Houff et al., 1983; Zu Rhein, 1983; Assetta and Atwood, 2017). To overcome this challenge, the development of high-throughput analyses is needed to help aid in the production of large data sets and generation of multiple lines of inquiry. Current methodologies for analyzing JCPyV infectivity predominantly rely on manual quantitation of infection by indirect immunodetection of viral proteins by epif...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - April 16, 2019 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Delivery of Small Interfering RNA to Inhibit Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Zebrafish Using Natural Brain Endothelia Cell-Secreted Exosome Nanovesicles for the Treatment of Brain Cancer
In this study, we tested whether brain endothelial cell-derived exosomes could deliver siRNA across the blood –brain barrier (BBB) in zebrafish. Natural exosomes were isolated from brain endothelial bEND.3 cell culture media and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) siRNA was loaded in exosomes with the assistance of a transfection reagent. While fluorescence-activated cell flow cytometry and immunocy tochemistry staining studies indicated that wild-type exosomes significantly increased the uptake of fluorescence-labeled siRNA in the autologous brain endothelial cells, decreased fluorescence intensity was observed in...
Source: The AAPS Journal - November 22, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Galectin-3 Mediates Tumor Progression in Astrocytoma by Regulating Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 β Activity
This study aims to validate the correlation between the clinical outcomes and protein expression of galectin-3/GSK3B in astrocytoma. Immunohistochemistry staining was performed to detect galectin-3/GSK3B protein expression in patients with astrocytoma. The Chi-square test, Kaplan-Meier evaluation, and Cox regression analysis were used to determine the correlation between clinical parameters and galectin-3/GSK3B expression. Cell proliferation, invasion, and migration were compared between a non-siRNA group and a galectin-3/GSK3B siRNA group. Protein expression in galectin-3 or GSK3B siRNA-treated cells was evaluated using w...
Source: Mol Biol Cell - May 15, 2023 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Hung-Pei Tsai Chien-Ju Lin Ann-Shung Lieu Yi-Ting Chen Tzu-Ting Tseng Aij-Lie Kwan Joon-Khim Loh Source Type: research

Abstract 3047: Mitochondrial DNA copy variation and TFAM expression in astrocytoma
Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a role in determining the phenotype through bioenergetic depletion and increased production of ROS in several diseases, including cancer. We have previously demonstrated a relevant reduction of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number in astrocytoma of different grades of malignancy, predominantly in grade IV-glioblastoma (GBM). We observed a stepwise increase of TFAM in parallel to the increase of malignancy, and TFAM expression was higher in GBM patients with overall survival longer than 24 months than less than 12 months. TFAM is codified in the nucleus and transported into mitochondria, whe...
Source: Cancer Research - August 2, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Marie, S. K., Silva, R., Lerario, A., Uno, M., Oba-Shinjo, S. M. Tags: Molecular and Cellular Biology Source Type: research

P08.67 Inhibition of MutT homolog 1 (MTH1) in glioblastoma multiforme results in impaired cell migration and tumor growth
Discussion:These results show that MTH1 might play an essential role in both, malignization of glioma and disease progression in recurrent glioblastoma. Moreover, the MTH1 level in patients seems to influence tumor growth and could be targeted by crizotinib indicating a role for potential future therapies.
Source: Neuro-Oncology - September 20, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Timmer, M., Kannampuzha, S. Tags: P08 Glioblastom and Anaplastic gliomas Source Type: research

Abstract 66: CD99 functional analysis in glioblastoma by RNAseq
CD99 is a membrane protein expressed in a wide variety of normal tissues and implicated in several cellular physiologic processes, including haematopoietic cell differentiation, proliferation, diapedesis, cell-cell adhesion, migration, apoptosis induction, cellular architecture maintenance and transmembrane protein transport. Additionally, aberrant CD99 expression has been associated with numerous malignancies, including astrocytomas. Amongst astrocytomas of different malignant grades, glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive and common of central nervous system tumors. Despite current multimodal therapies, including surg...
Source: Cancer Research - August 2, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Oba-Shinjo, S. M., Cardoso, L. C., Silva, R. d., Lerario, A. M., Uno, M., Marie, S. S. K. Tags: Molecular and Cellular Biology Source Type: research

Bilirubin-induced ER stress contributes to the inflammatory response and apoptosis in neuronal cells.
Abstract Unconjugated bilirubin (UCB) in newborns may lead to bilirubin neurotoxicity. Few studies investigated the activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress) by UCB. We performed an in vitro comparative study using undifferentiated SH-SY5Y, differentiated GI-ME-N neuronal cells and human U87 astrocytoma cells. ER stress and its contribution to inflammation and apoptosis induced by UCB were analyzed. Cytotoxicity, ER stress and inflammation were observed only in neuronal cells, despite intracellular UCB accumulation in all three cell types. UCB toxicity was enhanced in undifferentiated SH-SY5Y cells an...
Source: Archives of Toxicology - August 29, 2016 Category: Toxicology Authors: Qaisiya M, Brischetto C, Jašprová J, Vitek L, Tiribelli C, Bellarosa C Tags: Arch Toxicol Source Type: research

Eya2 overexpression promotes the invasion of human astrocytoma through the regulation of ERK/MMP9 signaling.
This study investigated the clinical significance and biological roles of Eya2 in human astrocytoma tissues and cell lines. Using immunohistochemistry, we found Eya2 overexpression in 33 out of 90 (36.7%) astrocytoma specimens. The rate of Eya2 overexpression was higher in grade III-IV (48.1%) than in grade Ⅰ+Ⅱ astrocytomas (21.1%). Transfection with an Eya2 expression plasmid was performed in A172 cells with a low endogenous expression of Eya2 and the knockdown of Eya2 was carried out in U251 cells with a high endogenous expression using siRNA. Eya2 overexpression induced A172 cell proliferation and invasion,...
Source: International Journal of Molecular Medicine - September 13, 2017 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Wen Z, Liang C, Pan Q, Wang Y Tags: Int J Mol Med Source Type: research