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ROS and DRP1 interactions accelerate the mitochondrial injury induced by polystyrene nanoplastics in human liver HepG2 cells
Chem Biol Interact. 2023 Apr 19:110502. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110502. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTMicroplastics have become a serious environmental pollutant and subsequently have harmful effects on human health. Thus, the impacts of microplastics on human cells need to be explored. In the present study, the cytotoxic effects at the subcellular-organelle levels to polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs, diameter 21.5 ± 2.7 nm) were investigated in the human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cell line. The cell viability exposed to PS-NPs at the concentrations of 6.25, 12.5, 25 and 50 μg/mL for 24 h diminished in a concentra...
Source: Chemico-Biological Interactions - April 21, 2023 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Yunjing Li Menghao Guo Shuyan Niu Mengting Shang Xiaoru Chang Zuoyi Sun Rui Zhang Xin Shen Yuying Xue Source Type: research

Sanguinarine Induces Apoptosis Pathway in Multiple Myeloma Cell Lines via Inhibition of the JaK2/STAT3 Signaling
In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic activities of SNG in a panel of MM cell lines (U266, IM9, MM1S, and RPMI-8226). SNG treatment of MM cells resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in cell viability through mitochondrial membrane potential loss and activation of caspase 3, 9, and cleavage of PARP. Pre-treatment of MM cells with a universal caspase inhibitor, Z-VAD-FMK, prevented SNG mediated loss of cell viability, apoptosis, and caspase activation, confirming that SNG-mediated apoptosis is caspase-dependent. The SNG-mediated apoptosis appears to be resulted from suppres...
Source: Frontiers in Oncology - April 16, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Autophagy suppresses radiation damage by activating PARP-1 and attenuating reactive oxygen species in hepatoma cells.
CONCLUSION: Autophagy upregulates the expression of PARP-1 and relieves radiation damage by reducing the generation of ROS. PMID: 30964366 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: International Journal of Radiation Biology - April 10, 2019 Category: Radiology Tags: Int J Radiat Biol Source Type: research

The Sineoculis Homeobox Homolog 1 (SIX1) Gene Regulates Paclitaxel Resistance by Affecting Reactive Oxygen Species and Autophagy in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Line HepG2.
CONCLUSIONS Knockdown of SIX1 increased cell ROS levels and autophagy, promoted cell apoptosis, and enhanced TAX sensitivity of HepG2 cells. PMID: 29656300 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Medical Science Monitor - April 18, 2018 Category: Research Tags: Med Sci Monit Source Type: research

Mitochondrially Mediated HSF1 Activation Induces Cln-1 Molecular Bases of Disease
In this study, we demonstrated that mitochondrial respiratory defects induced Cln-1 transcription via reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) activation, which contributed to hepatoma invasiveness. We first confirmed the inverse relationship between mitochondrial defects and Cln-1 induction in SNU hepatoma cells and hepatocellular carcinoma tissues. We then examined five different respiratory complex inhibitors, and complex I inhibition by rotenone most effectively induced Cln-1 at the transcriptional level. Rotenone increased both mitochondrial and cytosolic ROS. In addition, rotenone-induced Cln...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - August 28, 2015 Category: Chemistry Authors: Lee, J.-H., Lee, Y.-K., Lim, J. J., Byun, H.-O., Park, I., Kim, G.-H., Xu, W. G., Wang, H.-J., Yoon, G. Tags: Signal Transduction Source Type: research

Acetylshikonin induces apoptosis of hepatitis B virus X protein-expressing human hepatocellular carcinoma cells via endoplasmic reticulum stress.
Abstract Since it has been known that shikonin derived from a medicinal plant possesses anti-cancer activity, we wonder whether acetylshikonin (ASK), a derivate of shikonin, could be used to treat hepatocellular carcinoma cells expressing hepatitis B virus X protein (HBX), an oncoprotein from hepatitis B virus. When ASK was added to Hep3B cells stably expressing HBX, it induced apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. ASK induced upregulation and export of Nur77 to the cytoplasm and activation of JNK. Likewise, suppression of Nur77 and JNK inactivation protected the cells from ASK-induced apoptosis, indicating that N...
Source: European Journal of Pharmacology - April 24, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Moon J, Koh SS, Malilas W, Cho IR, Kaewpiboon C, Kaowinn S, Lee K, Jhun BH, Choi YW, Chung YH Tags: Eur J Pharmacol Source Type: research