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Delayed manipulation of regeneration within injured peripheral axons
Neurobiol Dis. 2021 May 1:105383. doi: 10.1016/j.nbd.2021.105383. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTWhile several new translational strategies to enhance regrowth of peripheral axons have been identified, combined approaches with different targets are rare. Moreover, few have been studied after a significant delay when growth programs are already well established and regeneration-related protein expression has waned. Here we study two approaches, Rb1 (Retinoblastoma 1) knockdown that targets overall neuron plasticity, and near nerve insulin acting as a growth factor. Both are validated to boost regrowth only at the outset of r...
Source: Neurobiology of Disease - May 4, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: P Komirishetty K Zubkow A Areti H Ong D W Zochodne Source Type: research

Genetic Regulation of Liver Metabolites and Transcripts Linking to Biochemical-Clinical Parameters
Conclusion In summary, this study is the first to combine metabolomics, transcriptomics, and genome-wide association studies in a porcine model. Our results improve understanding of the genetic regulation of metabolites which link to transcripts and finally biochemical-clinical parameters. Further, high-performance profiling of metabolites as intermediate phenotypes is a potentially powerful approach to uncover how genetic variation affects metabolic and health status. Our results advance knowledge in areas of biomedical and agricultural interest and identify potential correlates of biomarkers, SNPs-metabolites, SNPs-tran...
Source: Frontiers in Genetics - April 16, 2019 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

SOCS and Herpesviruses, With Emphasis on Cytomegalovirus Retinitis
Christine I. Alston1,2 and Richard D. Dix1,2* 1Department of Biology, Viral Immunology Center, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States 2Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins provide selective negative feedback to prevent pathogeneses caused by overstimulation of the immune system. Of the eight known SOCS proteins, SOCS1 and SOCS3 are the best studied, and systemic deletion of either gene causes early lethality in mice. Many viruses, including herpesviruses such as herpes simplex virus and cytomega...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 10, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Involvement of the STAT5-CyclinD/CDK4-pRb pathway in beta cell proliferation stimulated by prolactin during pregnancy.
Abstract During pregnancy, maternal pancreatic beta cells undergo a compensatory expansion in response to the state of insulin resistance, where prolactin (PRL) plays a major role. Retinoblastoma protein (Rb) has been shown to critically regulate islet proliferation and function. The aim of the study was to explore the role of Rb in beta cell mass expansion during pregnancy. During pregnancy, expression of Rb, phospho-Rb (p-Rb), p107 and E2F1 increased, while p130 decreased in maternal islets. With PRL stimulation, induction of Rb expression occurred mainly in the nucleus while p-Rb was predominantly in the cytopl...
Source: Am J Physiol Endocri... - December 4, 2018 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Zhao X, Xu Y, Wu Y, Zhang H, Shi H, Zhu H, Woo M, Wu X Tags: Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab Source Type: research

IGFBP-rP1 acts as a potential tumor suppressor via the suppression of ERK signaling pathway in endometrial cancer cells.
Authors: Ma Y, Jiang J, Zhang Y, Ding Y, Xu T, Lu B Abstract Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-related protein 1 (IGFBP-rP1) is a potential tumor‑suppressor gene in various cancers. However, its biological role and underlying mechanism has not been well investigated in endometrial cancer yet. The aim of the present study aimed to investigate the role and underlying molecular mechanisms of IGFBP‑rP1 in endometrial cancer cells in vitro. The authors used transfection of IGFBP‑rP1 or small interfering (si)RNA in endometrial cancer HEC‑1A or Ishikawa cells, respectively. Biological functional alterati...
Source: Molecular Medicine Reports - October 29, 2017 Category: Molecular Biology Tags: Mol Med Rep Source Type: research

Differential Signaling by Regulatory Subunits of Phosphoinositide-3-kinase Influences Cell Survival in INS-1E Insulinoma Cells
In conclusion, signalling of p50α, p55α and p85α is similar at the level of Akt, but differentially influence downstream GSK-3 activation and cell cycle entry. PI3K isoform p50α induction by cytokines provides a link between regeneration and cell survival under cytotoxic stress in insulin-producing pancreatic beta-cells.[...]© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New YorkArticle in Thieme eJournals:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text
Source: Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology and Diabetes - November 13, 2014 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Schrader, J.Niebel, P.Rossi, A.Archontidou-Aprin, E.Hörsch, D. Tags: Article Source Type: research