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Total 80 results found since Jan 2013.

Brain scans used to forecast early reading difficulties
Researchers have used brain scans to predict how young children learn to read, giving clinicians a possible tool to spot children with dyslexia and other reading difficulties before they experience reading challenges.
Source: ScienceDaily Headlines - September 16, 2014 Category: Science Source Type: news

Study first to use brain scans to forecast early reading difficulties
(University of California - San Francisco) UC San Francisco researchers have used brain scans to predict how young children learn to read, giving clinicians a possible tool to spot children with dyslexia and other reading difficulties before they experience reading challenges.
Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health - September 15, 2014 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: news

Scientists Find Differences in Brains of Those with Dyslexia
Scans showed less connectivity in regions linked to reading Source: HealthDay Related MedlinePlus Page: Learning Disorders
Source: MedlinePlus Health News - August 29, 2014 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news

Family based genome‐wide copy number scan identifies complex rearrangements at 17q21.31 in dyslexics
Abstract Developmental dyslexia (DD) is a complex heritable disorder with unexpected difficulty in learning to read and spell despite adequate intelligence, education, environment, and normal senses. We performed genome‐wide screening for copy number variations (CNVs) in 10 large Indian dyslexic families using Affymetrix Genome‐Wide Human SNP Array 6.0. Results revealed the complex genomic rearrangements due to one non‐contiguous deletion and five contiguous micro duplications and micro deletions at 17q21.31 region in three dyslexic families. CNVs in this region harbor the genes KIAA1267, LRRC37A, ARL17A/B, NSFP1, an...
Source: American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics - August 19, 2014 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Avinash M. Veerappa, Marita Saldanha, Prakash Padakannaya, Nallur B. Ramachandra Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Genome scan for cognitive trait loci of dyslexia: Rapid naming and rapid switching of letters, numbers, and colors
Dyslexia, or specific reading disability, is a common developmental disorder that affects 5–12% of school‐aged children. Dyslexia and its component phenotypes, assessed categorically or quantitatively, have complex genetic bases. The ability to rapidly name letters, numbers, and colors from rows presented visually correlates strongly with reading in multiple languages and is a valid predictor of reading and spelling impairment. Performance on measures of rapid naming and switching, RAN and RAS, is stable throughout elementary school years, with slowed performance persisting in adults who still manifest dyslexia. Target...
Source: American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics - May 8, 2014 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Kevin B. Rubenstein, Wendy H. Raskind, Virginia W. Berninger, Mark M. Matsushita, Ellen M. Wijsman Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Shared vs. specific brain activation changes in dyslexia after training of phonology, attention, or reading.
Abstract Whereas the neurobiological basis of developmental dyslexia has received substantial attention, only little is known about the processes in the brain during remediation. This holds in particular in light of recent findings on cognitive subtypes of dyslexia which suggest interactions between individual profiles, training methods, and also the task in the scanner. Therefore, we trained three groups of German dyslexic primary school children in the domains of phonology, attention, or visual word recognition. We compared neurofunctional changes after 4 weeks of training in these groups to those in untrained ...
Source: Brain Structure and Function - May 7, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Heim S, Pape-Neumann J, van Ermingen-Marbach M, Brinkhaus M, Grande M Tags: Brain Struct Funct Source Type: research

Neurosurgical Cases with Cortical Vision Loss Followed by Improvement (P6.296)
Conclusions:In cases of CVL attributed to transient increased pressure of the SSS there may be marked improvement of visual function over time. It is important to rule out a concurrent ictal etiology.Disclosure: Dr. Keung has nothing to disclose. Dr. Lin has nothing to disclose. Dr. Klopfenstein has nothing to disclose. Dr. Kattah has received personal compensation for activities with Pfizer, Inc. as a consultant.
Source: Neurology - April 9, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Keung, B., Lin, J., Klopfenstein, J., Kattah, J. Tags: Neuro-ophthalmology/Neuro-otology II Source Type: research

Early communicative gestures and play as predictors of language development in children born with and without family risk for dyslexia
The present study investigated early communicative gestures, play, and language skills in children born with family risk for dyslexia (FR) and a control group of children without this inheritable risk at ages 12, 15, 18, and 24 months. Participants were drawn from the Tromsø Longitudinal study of Dyslexia (TLD) which follows children's cognitive and language development from age 12 months through Grade 2 in order to identify early markers of developmental dyslexia. Results showed that symbolic play and parent reported play at age 12 months and communicative gestures at age 15 months explained 61% of the variance in pr...
Source: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology - April 1, 2014 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Astrid Unhjem, Kenneth Eklund, Trude Nergård‐Nilssen Tags: Health and Disability Source Type: research

Men's and women's brains found to be different sizes
Conclusion This study benefits from reportedly being one of the first to systematically search the global literature to identify published studies that have examined the differences in brain structure between men and women, and then combined these results in a meta-analysis. It finds evidence that men have a slightly larger overall brain volume than women, with a brain size around 8% to 13% greater. This may be a result of their larger general size. They also find differences between men and women in the volume of many different regions. These include differences in regions that have previously been associated with differe...
Source: NHS News Feed - February 14, 2014 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Mental health Neurology Source Type: news

In Plain Language: 5 Big FAQ’s About Dyslexia
Psychologists, cognitive scientists, and neuroscientists are unraveling the mysteries of dyslexia. Here are five important frequently asked questions and answers about dyslexia that cut through the scientific jargon to bring you up to date.read more
Source: Psychology Today Parenting Center - December 10, 2013 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: J. Richard Gentry, Ph.D. Tags: Child Development Education Parenting brain scaning cognitive neuroscience dyslexia dyslexic children dyslexics handwriting handwriting difficulities misspelling reading disability teaching phonics teaching reading teaching wri Source Type: news

Distinct neural signatures of cognitive subtypes of dyslexia: Effects of lexicality during phonological processing.
Abstract The present study investigates the neurobiological basis of two subtypes of dyslexia with either a double deficit (concerning phonological awareness and rapid naming) or a single rapid naming deficit. We compared such groups of German dyslexic primary school children to each other and with good reading children in a phoneme deletion task performed during fMRI scanning. Children heard German words or pseudowords and repeated the remainder of the stimulus while deleting the initial phoneme (e.g. tear - _ear). In four conditions, the input stimulus (word or pseudoword) could either become another word or pse...
Source: Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis - October 19, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Ermingen-Marbach Mv, Pape-Neumann J, Grande M, Grabowska A, Heim S Tags: Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) Source Type: research

Genome‐wide copy number scan identifies disruption of PCDH11X in developmental dyslexia
Developmental dyslexia (DD) is a complex heritable disorder with unexpected difficulty in learning to read and spell despite adequate intelligence, education, environment, and normal senses. We performed a whole genome copy number variations (CNV) scan on 11 dyslexic families consisting of 14 dyslexic subjects and 24 non dyslexic members using 1.8 million combined SNP and CNV markers. We found CNVs affecting protocadherin genes in six dyslexics from three families, while none among the non‐dyslexic control members showed any CNV in protocadherins. We identified duplications in five cases and a deletion in one case in Xq2...
Source: American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics - September 1, 2013 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Avinash M. Veerappa, Marita Saldanha, Prakash Padakannaya, Nallur B. Ramachandra Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Brain scans may diagnose dyslexia before kids can even read
Dyslexia affects about 10 percent of Americans; the learning disability is often diagnosed around second grade
Source: Health News: CBSNews.com - August 14, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news

Dyslexia could one day be diagnosed with a brain scan BEFORE a child is even old enough to read
Researchers at MIT, in Massachusetts, and at Boston Children's Hospital, found that there is a correlation between poor reading skills and the size of a child’s brain’s language processing area.
Source: the Mail online | Health - August 14, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news

Dyslexia could be diagnosed by MRI brain scan
Researchers from MIT have discovered a link between the size of a language-processing area of the brain and poor pre-reading skills in kindergartners. This finding, coupled with an MRI technique, could lead the way for an earlier dyslexia diagnosis. The study, published in the Journal of Neuroscience, relies on previous research showing that adults with poor reading skills have a smaller, less organized arcuate fasciculus...
Source: Health News from Medical News Today - August 14, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Dyslexia Source Type: news