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Nutrition: Carbohydrates

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O-Glycome beam search arrays for carbohydrate ligand discovery.
We describe here a targeted microarray approach: O-glycome beam search that is both robust and efficient for O-glycan ligand-discovery. Substantial simplification of the complex O-glycome profile and facile chromatographic resolution is achieved by arraying O-glycans as branches, monitoring by mass spectrometry, focusing on promising fractions, and on-array immuno-sequencing. This is orders of magnitude more sensitive than traditional methods. We have applied beam search approach to porcine stomach mucin and identified extremely minor components previously undetected within the O-glycome of this mucin that are ligands for ...
Source: Molecular and Cellular Proteomics : MCP - November 28, 2017 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Li Z, Gao C, Zhang Y, Palma AS, Childs RA, Silva LM, Liu Y, Jiang X, Liu Y, Chai W, Feizi T Tags: Mol Cell Proteomics Source Type: research

How effective are weight-loss interventions for improving fertility in women and men who are overweight or obese? A systematic review and meta-analysis of the evidence
AbstractBACKGROUNDThe prevalence of obesity is increasing worldwide, with a corresponding increase in overweight and obese patients referred with infertility. This systematic review aimed to determine whether non-surgical weight reduction strategies result in an improvement in reproductive parameters affected by obesity, e.g. delayed time to pregnancy, oligozoospermia and azoospermia. No prior reviews have examined this within the general fertility population, or in both sexes.OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALEOur objective was to answer the question: ‘In overweight and obese women, men and couples seeking fertility treatment, what...
Source: Human Reproduction Update - September 13, 2017 Category: OBGYN Source Type: research

Glycan Markers of Human Stem Cells Assigned with Beam Search Arrays.
Abstract Glycan antigens recognized by monoclonal antibodies have served as stem cell markers. To understand regulation of their biosynthesis and their roles in stem cell behavior precise assignments are required. We have applied state-of-the-art glycan array technologies to compare the glycans bound by five antibodies that recognize carbohydrates on human stem cells. These are: FC10.2, TRA-1-60, TRA-1-81, anti-i and R-10G. Microarray analyses with a panel of sequence-defined glycans corroborate that FC10.2, TRA-1-60, TRA-1-81 recognize the type 1-(Galβ-3GlcNAc)-terminating backbone sequence, Galβ-3GlcNAcβ-3Gal...
Source: Molecular and Cellular Proteomics : MCP - July 14, 2019 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Wu N, Silva LM, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Gao C, Zhang F, Fu L, Peng Y, Linhardt R, Kawasaki T, Mulloy B, Chai W, Feizi T Tags: Mol Cell Proteomics Source Type: research

The 6th International Lafora Epilepsy Workshop: Advances in the search for a cure
Epilepsy Behav. 2021 May 1;119:107975. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2021.107975. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTLafora disease (LD) is a fatal childhood dementia with severe epilepsy and also a glycogen storage disease that is caused by recessive mutations in either the EPM2A or EPM2B genes. Aberrant, cytoplasmic carbohydrate aggregates called Lafora bodies (LBs) are both a hallmark and driver of the disease. The 6th International Lafora Epilepsy Workshop was held online due to the pandemic. Nearly 300 clinicians, academic and industry scientists, trainees, NIH representatives, and LD friends and family members participated in the ...
Source: Epilepsy and Behaviour - May 4, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Kia H Markussen Jessica K A Macedo Mar ía Machío Alison Dolce Y Paul Goldberg Craig W Vander Kooi Matthew S Gentry Source Type: research

A comprehensive search of the primary and secondary metabolites and radical scavenging potential of Trillium govanianum Wall. ex D. Don
Chem Biodivers. 2021 Aug 10. doi: 10.1002/cbdv.202100300. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTTrillium govanianum rhizomes are traditionally consumed as a raw powder and decoction for the treatment of health complications. Hence, the present study aimed to investigate whether aqueous and alcoholic extracts of T. govanianum rhizomes under hot and cold extraction conditions have similar or dissimilar chemical, nutrient, and antioxidant profiles. The total phenolics, flavonoids, carbohydrates, proteins, fats, and energy values were estimated in all the conditionally prepared samples. The total phenolics (21.23 ± 1.4 mg GAE/g extra...
Source: Chemistry and Biodiversity - August 10, 2021 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Dinesh Kumar Aakriti Sharma Robin Joshi Gireesh Nadda Dinesh Kumar Source Type: research

Plant lectins as prospective antiviral biomolecules in the search for COVID-19 eradication strategies
Biomed Pharmacother. 2021 Dec 6;146:112507. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112507. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTLectins or clusters of carbohydrate-binding proteins of non-immune origin are distributed chiefly in the Plantae. Lectins have potent anti-infectivity properties for several RNA viruses including SARS-CoV-2. The primary purpose of this review is to review the ability of lectins mediated potential biotherapeutic and bioprophylactic strategy against coronavirus causing COVID-19. Lectins have binding affinity to the glycans of SARS-COV-2 Spike glycoprotein that has N-glycosylation sites. Apart from this, the complement...
Source: Biomedicine and pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine and pharmacotherapie - December 10, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Md Nasir Ahmed Rownak Jahan Veeranoot Nissapatorn Polrat Wilairatana Mohammed Rahmatullah Source Type: research

Body Composition and Body Weight Changes at Different Altitude Levels: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
In conclusion, BW and body composition changes occur during sojourns at different altitudes. The mechanisms leading to these changes are manifold and the magnitude of change is, in addition to the individual adaptive response to hypoxia, greatly influenced by the AL, the duration of the stay, the level of physical activity and the nutritional intake. This review identifies at least two contrasting motivations for hypoxia exposure; the experience of high altitude mountaineering and the “therapeutic” effect of hypoxia (e.g., weight loss programs). This analytical review of published data highlights the notion t...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 15, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Dietary intake in patients with chronic pancreatitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
CONCLUSION: Although patients with CP had similar calorie intake to controls, studies that analysed the contribution of alcohol to energy intake showed that patients with CP consumed fewer non-alcohol calories than healthy controls. A high calorie intake, made up to a large degree by alcohol, may in part contribute to poor nutritional status in CP.PMID:34629801 | PMC:PMC8473599 | DOI:10.3748/wjg.v27.i34.5775
Source: World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG - October 11, 2021 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Qurat Ul Ain Yasir Bashir Linda Kelleher David M Bourne Suzanne M Egan Jean McMahon Laura Keaskin Oonagh M Griffin Kevin C Conlon Sinead N Duggan Source Type: research