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Stroke Dysbiosis Index (SDI) in Gut Microbiome Are Associated With Brain Injury and Prognosis of Stroke
Conclusions: We developed an index to measure gut microbiota dysbiosis in stroke patients; this index was significantly correlated with patients' outcome and was causally related to outcome in a mouse model of stroke. Our model facilitates the potential clinical application of gut microbiota data in stroke and adds quantitative evidence linking the gut microbiota to stroke. Introduction Ischemic stroke imposes a heavy burden on society, with 24.9 million cases worldwide (1). Although intravenous thrombolysis and endovascular treatment greatly improve some patients' prognosis, the prognosis for most pa...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 23, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Oral probiotic therapy improves motor function in a rodent model of sensorimotor stroke
In this study, we examined the effect of post-stroke oral probiotic therapy on motor behavior in the pre-clinical mouse endothelin-1 (ET-1) model of sensorimotor stroke. We found that post-stroke oral probiotic therapy with Cerebiome® (Lallemand, Montreal, Canada), containing B. longum R0175 and L. helveticus R0052, improved functional recovery and changed the composition of the post-stroke gut microbiota. Interestingly, oral Cerebiome® administration did not result in alterations of lesion volume or the number of CD8+/Iba1+ cells in the injured tissue. Overall, these findings suggest that probiotic treatment following i...
Source: Brain Research - June 26, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: E Daniele Y Nazer I Kortebi D Lozano Casasbuenas Y Fan M Trinh T A Tompkins M Faiz Source Type: research

Mediterranean diet: The role of long-chain ω-3 fatty acids in fish; polyphenols in fruits, vegetables, cereals, coffee, tea, cacao and wine; probiotics and vitamins in prevention of stroke, age-related cognitive decline, and Alzheimer disease.
Authors: Román GC, Jackson RE, Gadhia R, Román AN, Reis J Abstract The mechanisms of action of the dietary components of the Mediterranean diet are reviewed in prevention of cardiovascular disease, stroke, age-associated cognitive decline and Alzheimer disease. A companion article provides a comprehensive review of extra-virgin olive oil. The benefits of consumption of long-chain ω-3 fatty acids are described. Fresh fish provides eicosapentaenoic acid while α-linolenic acid is found in canola and soybean oils, purslane and nuts. These ω-3 fatty acids interact metabolically with ω-6 fatty acids mainly linoleic...
Source: Revue Neurologique - September 16, 2019 Category: Neurology Tags: Rev Neurol (Paris) Source Type: research

Indole-3-propionic acid alleviates ischemic brain injury in a mouse middle cerebral artery occlusion model
Exp Neurol. 2022 Apr 8:114081. doi: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2022.114081. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTIncreasing evidence highlights the importance of gut microbiota and its metabolites as an environmental factor affecting ischemic stroke. However, the role of microbial indole metabolites in ischemic stroke remains largely unknown. Here, we evaluated the effects and the underlying mechanism of indole-3-propionic acid (IPA) in a mouse model of acute middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and the mechanisms underlying these effects. We collected blood samples and evaluated serum indole derivatives levels using ultra-performanc...
Source: Experimental Neurology - April 11, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Yu Xie Xiaoxiong Zou Jianbang Han Zhongfei Zhang Zhiming Feng Qian Ouyang Shiting Hua Zhizheng Liu Cong Li Yingqian Cai Yuxi Zou Yanping Tang Xiaodan Jiang Source Type: research

Gut Microbiota as a Therapeutic Target to Ameliorate the Biochemical, Neuroanatomical, and Behavioral Effects of Traumatic Brain Injuries
Current efficacious treatments for traumatic brain injury (TBI) are lacking. Establishment of a protective gut microbiota population offers a compelling therapeutic avenue, as brain injury induces disruptions in the composition of the gut microbiota, i.e. gut dysbiosis, which has been shown to contribute to TBI-related neuropathology and impaired behavioral outcomes. The gut microbiome is involved in the modulation of a multitude of cellular and molecular processes fundamental to the progression of TBI-induced pathologies including neuroinflammation, blood brain barrier permeability, immune system response, microglial acti...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - August 15, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

The Microbiome as a Key Regulator of Brain, Behaviour and Immunity: Commentary on the 2017 Named Series
Publication date: Available online 23 August 2017 Source:Brain, Behavior, and Immunity Author(s): Michael T. Bailey, John F. Cryan The focus on the microbiome for the 2017 Named Series in Brain, Behavior, and Immunity reflects the rapidly growing interest in commensal microbes and the effects that they can have on physiological processes often studied in PsychoNeuroImmunology Research. The studies included in this Named Series show that commensal microbes can impact immune system activity, as well as brain and behavioural processes across the lifespan, and are involved in behavioural and immunological responses to social ...
Source: Brain, Behavior, and Immunity - August 23, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

The Microbiome as a Key Regulator of Brain, Behaviour and Immunity: Commentary on the 2017 Named Series.
Abstract The focus on the microbiome for the 2017 Named Series in Brain, Behavior, and Immunity reflects the rapidly growing interest in commensal microbes and the effects that they can have on physiological processes often studied in PsychoNeuroImmunology Research. The studies included in this Named Series show that commensal microbes can impact immune system activity, as well as brain and behavioural processes across the lifespan, and are involved in behavioural and immunological responses to social stresses. The studies also show that dietary effects on brain, behaviour, and immunity often involve alterations o...
Source: Brain, Behavior, and Immunity - August 23, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Bailey MT, Cryan JF Tags: Brain Behav Immun Source Type: research

The microbiome as a key regulator of brain, behavior and immunity: Commentary on the 2017 named series
Publication date: Available online 23 August 2017 Source:Brain, Behavior, and Immunity Author(s): Michael T. Bailey, John F. Cryan The focus on the microbiome for the 2017 Named Series in Brain, Behavior, and Immunity reflects the rapidly growing interest in commensal microbes and the effects that they can have on physiological processes often studied in PsychoNeuroImmunology Research. The studies included in this Named Series show that commensal microbes can impact immune system activity, as well as brain and behavioral processes across the lifespan, and are involved in behavioral and immunological responses to social st...
Source: Brain, Behavior, and Immunity - August 30, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research