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Infectious Disease: HIV AIDS

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Acceptability of Family-Centered Advanced Care Planning for Adolescents With HIV
CONCLUSIONS: FACE enabled worthwhile conversations, while simultaneously eliciting intense emotions. No participants withdrew, 99% of those enrolled completed each session, and there were no adverse events, evidence of pACP’s feasibility, acceptability, and safety.
Source: PEDIATRICS - November 30, 2016 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Dallas, R. H., Kimmel, A., Wilkins, M. L., Rana, S., Garcia, A., Cheng, Y. I., Wang, J., Lyon, M. E., for the Adolescent Palliative Care Consortium. Tags: Hospice/Palliative Medicine, Infectious Disease, HIV/AIDS Article Source Type: research

Current Concepts in Histoplasmosis Syndromes Current Concepts in Histoplasmosis Syndromes
Gain a better understanding of the epidemiology of histoplasmosis and learn about the current evidence-based strategies for the diagnosis and management of this infection.Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
Source: Medscape Hiv-Aids Headlines - July 3, 2020 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Critical Care Journal Article Source Type: news

Study Shows Inaccuracies in GCS Score Among All Emergency Care Providers
THE RESEARCH Bledsoe BE, Casey MJ, Feldman J, et al. Glasgow Coma Scale scoring is often inaccurate. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2015;30(1):46–53. THE SCIENCE In an attempt to determine how accurately EMS and ED professionals can determine the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) in simulated patient encounters, the authors of this study produced 10 video scenarios and had the providers determine the GCS. There were 217 providers including EMTs, advanced EMTs, paramedics, critical care paramedics, ED nurses, ED physicians and emergency medicine residents. Nearly half (49%) of them had 1–10 years of experience while just over 34% ha...
Source: JEMS Patient Care - November 2, 2015 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Keith Wesley, MD, FACEP Tags: Special Topics Research Neurology Columns Patient Care Source Type: news

Comparison of Clinical Features, Virulence, and Relapse among Mycobacterium avium Complex Species.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that specific MAC species have varying degrees of virulence and classifying MAC isolates into distinct species aids in identifying which patients are at a higher risk of clinical relapse. PMID: 25835090 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - April 2, 2015 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Boyle DP, Zembower TR, Reddy S, Qi C Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: research

Cardiovascular and Neuropsychiatric Events Following Varenicline Use for Smoking Cessation.
Conclusions Varenicline appears to be associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular but not neuropsychiatric events. PMID: 29260881 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - December 20, 2017 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Gershon AS, Campitelli MA, Hawken S, Victor C, Sproule BA, Kurdyak P, Selby P Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: research

In Search of Clinical Factors that Predict Risk for Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia in Patients without HIV/AIDS.
PMID: 30095970 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - August 10, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Limper AH Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: research

Alterations in Oral Microbiota in HIV are Related to Decreased Pulmonary Function.
CONCLUSIONS: Alterations of oral microbiota in PWH were related to impaired pulmonary function and to systemic inflammation. These results suggest that the oral microbiome may serve as a biomarker of lung function in HIV and that its disruption may contribute to COPD pathogenesis. PMID: 31682463 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - November 3, 2019 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Yang L, Dunlap DG, Qin S, Fitch A, Li K, Koch CD, Nouraie M, DeSensi R, Ho KS, Martinson JJ, Methé B, Morris A Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: research

Early Bactericidal Activity of Different Isoniazid Doses for Drug Resistant TB (INHindsight): A Randomized Open-label Clinical Trial.
CONCLUSIONS: Isoniazid 10-15 mg/kg daily had similar activity against TB strains with inhA mutations as 5 mg/kg against drug-sensitive strains. The activity of high-dose isoniazid against strains with katG mutations will be explored next. Clinical trial registration available at www.clinicaltrials.gov, ID: NCT01936831. PMID: 31945300 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - January 15, 2020 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Dooley KE, Miyahara S, von Groote-Bidlingmaier F, Sun X, Hafner R, Rosenkranz SL, Ignatius EH, Nuermberger EL, Moran L, Donahue K, Swindells S, Vanker N, Diacon AH, A5312 Study Team Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: research

Advance Care Planning-Complex and Working: Longitudinal Trajectory of Congruence in End-of-Life Treatment Preferences: An RCT.
CONCLUSION: ACP had a significant effect on the trajectory of congruence growth over time. ACP dyads had 7 times the odds of congruence, compared to controls. Three-months post-intervention is optimal for booster sessions. PMID: 33530701 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: The American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care - February 3, 2021 Category: Palliative Care Authors: Lyon ME, Caceres S, Scott RK, Benator D, Briggs L, Greenberg I, D'Angelo LJ, Cheng YI, Wang J, Palliative Care Consortium Tags: Am J Hosp Palliat Care Source Type: research

Board #223 - Program Innovation The Project of Pediatric Emergency and Critical Care Training in Chinese Remote Areas (Submission #9146).
Conclusion: This program promoted spreading the knowledge and skills of pediatric emergency and critical care in remote areas in China, instilled in them new ideas and training methods. Most of the trainees were benefit from the training, were very satisfied with the training methods and contents. In the future, we will establish to set fixed training point, let the pediatric medical stuff in different areas and different levels of hospitals to gain the same quality of training. Disclosures: None (C) 2014 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc.
Source: Simulation in Healthcare: The Journal of the Society for Simulation in Healthcare - December 1, 2014 Category: Medical Equipment Tags: Abstracts: 1st PLACE AWARD WINNER: PDF Only Source Type: research

Research and Reviews in the Fastlane 063
This study was made in healthy volunteers crossing over 10′ of 6L NC and then 15L NC. There was more discomfort while at 15L compared with 6L but resolved quickly after termination. There were no adverse outcomes.Recommended by: Daniel CabreraPublic Health, Infectious Diseases Gonsalves G, Stanley P. Panic, Paranoia, and Public Health – The AIDS Epidemic’s Lessons for Ebola. NEJM 2014. PIMD: 25372947Excellent editorial from two AIDS activists looking at our response to the current Ebola pandemic through the lens of living through the initial AIDS panic. There are obvious parallels in the media and public...
Source: Life in the Fast Lane - December 24, 2014 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Anand Swaminathan Tags: Education airway critical care emergency Emergency Medicine Intensive Care R&R in the FASTLANE recommendations Review Trauma Source Type: blogs

Research and Reviews in the Fastlane 061
Welcome to the 61st edition of Research and Reviews in the Fastlane. R&R in the Fastlane is a free resource that harnesses the power of social media to allow some of the best and brightest emergency medicine and critical care clinicians from all over the world tell us what they think is worth reading from the published literature.This edition contains 6 recommended reads. The R&R Editorial Team includes Jeremy Fried, Nudrat Rashid, Soren Rudolph, Anand Swaminathan and, of course, Chris Nickson. Find more R&R in the Fastlane reviews in the R&R Archive, read more about the R&R project or check out the...
Source: Life in the Fast Lane - December 10, 2014 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Jeremy Fried Tags: R&R in the FASTLANE airway critical care emergency Emergency Medicine Intensive Care recommendations Review Trauma Source Type: blogs

Research and Reviews in the Fastlane 090
This study prospectively looks at 106 patients with either DVT or PE who were identified as low risk based on the Hestia criteria. All of the patients were started on rivaroxaban (a Factor Xa inhibitor) and none had VTE recurrence (while on anticoagulation), major bleeding events or death due to VTE. This study further supports outpatient management for low risk VTE but a randomized controlled trial is needed (keep your eye out for the MERCURY-PE study) Recommended by Anand Swaminathan Further reading: SGEM #126: Take me to the Rivaroxaban — Outpatient treatment of VTE (The Skeptics Guide to EM) Research and critic...
Source: Life in the Fast Lane - July 9, 2015 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Jeremy Fried Tags: Airway Clinical Research Emergency Medicine Intensive Care Neurology R&R in the FASTLANE Respiratory Review critical care EBM Education recommendations research and reviews Source Type: blogs

Recent Advances in Technology and Its Applications to Pediatric Emergency Care
This article reviews these and other recent advances in technology that have had the greatest impact on the current practice of pediatric emergency medicine.
Source: Pediatric Clinics of North America - November 14, 2018 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Marisa C. Louie, Todd P. Chang, Robert W. Grundmeier Source Type: research

The use of SBAR as a structured communication tool in the pediatric non-acute care setting: bridge or barrier for interprofessional collaboration?
Authors: Coolen E, Engbers R, Draaisma J, Heinen M, Fluit C Abstract SBAR (Situation, Background, Assessment and Recommendation) is a structured method developed for communicating critical information that requires immediate action. In 2016 the SBAR tool was introduced at the Amalia Children's Hospital in the Netherlands to improve communication between healthcare workers. Despite formal training and the introduction of aids to facilitate implementation, observed adherence to the tool was low. A qualitative study was undertaken to study the use of SBAR by pediatric residents and nurses in the non-acute clinical car...
Source: Journal of Interprofessional Care - November 17, 2020 Category: Health Management Tags: J Interprof Care Source Type: research