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Infectious Disease: Tuberculosis

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Total 20234 results found since Jan 2013.

"If I don't smoke shisha, I won't be able to sleep": lived experiences of high school students in Ethiopia
CONCLUSIONS: Peer influence played a major role both in initiating and maintaining shisha use. However, students admitted concern over the impact of shisha smoking on academic performance and their relationship with their families. Since shisha use is associated with khat chewing; shisha smoking control programs cannot be successful without controlling khat. Especially young girls had worries about their reproductive health risks associated with shisha use. This suggests that targeted awareness raising programs highlighting the dangers of shisha use for both health and safety; especially for young women is required.PMID:35...
Source: Herpes - May 6, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Selamawit Hirpa Fiona Dobbie Andrew Fogarty Adamu Addissie Mirgissa Kaba Thomas Frese Susanne Unverzagt Eva Johanna Kantelhardt Kamran Siddiqi Linda Bauld Wakgari Deressa Source Type: research

Protein-Based Adjuvants for Vaccines as Immunomodulators of the Innate and Adaptive Immune Response: Current Knowledge, Challenges, and Future Opportunities
Pharmaceutics. 2022 Aug 11;14(8):1671. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14081671.ABSTRACTNew-generation vaccines, formulated with subunits or nucleic acids, are less immunogenic than classical vaccines formulated with live-attenuated or inactivated pathogens. This difference has led to an intensified search for additional potent vaccine adjuvants that meet safety and efficacy criteria and confer long-term protection. This review provides an overview of protein-based adjuvants (PBAs) obtained from different organisms, including bacteria, mollusks, plants, and humans. Notably, despite structural differences, all PBAs show significa...
Source: Herpes - August 26, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Diego A D íaz-Dinamarca Michelle L Salazar Byron N Castillo Augusto Manubens Abel E Vasquez Fabi án Salazar Mar ía Inés Becker Source Type: research

Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra assay for tuberculosis disease and rifampicin resistance in children
CONCLUSIONS: We found Xpert Ultra sensitivity to vary by specimen type, with sputum having the highest sensitivity, followed by gastric aspirate and stool. Nasopharyngeal aspirate had the lowest sensitivity. Xpert Ultra specificity was high against both microbiological and composite reference standards. However, the evidence base is still limited, and findings may be imprecise and vary by study setting. Although we found Xpert Ultra accurate for detection of rifampicin resistance, results were based on a very small number of studies that included only three children with rifampicin resistance. Therefore, findings should be...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - September 6, 2022 Category: General Medicine Authors: Alexander W Kay Tara Ness Sabine E Verkuijl Kerri Viney Annemieke Brands Tiziana Masini Lucia Gonz ález Fernández Michael Eisenhut Anne K Detjen Anna M Mandalakas Karen R Steingart Yemisi Takwoingi Source Type: research

Incidence and Risk of Lung Cancer in Tuberculosis Patients, and Vice Versa: A Literature Review of the Last Decade
CONCLUSION: Our summarized studies might suggest that existing active TB may increase the incidence and risk of LC. However, large prospective cohort study is warranted to explore the real scenario worldwide.PMID:36578803 | PMC:PMC9792248 | DOI:10.1155/2022/1702819
Source: Biomed Res - December 29, 2022 Category: Research Authors: Sutapa Bhowmik Nayan Chandra Mohanto Dipanjon Sarker Asma Ahsan Sorove Source Type: research

Screening for diagnostic targets in tuberculosis and study on its pathogenic mechanism based on mRNA sequencing technology and miRNA-mRNA-pathway regulatory network
CONCLUSION: Six key genes and two important miRNAs that could regulate them were screened out by mRNA sequencing. The 6 key genes and 2 important miRNAs may participate in the pathogenesis of infection and invasion of Mycobacterium tuberculosis through herpes simplex virus 1 infection, endocytosis and B cell receptor signaling pathways.PMID:36793717 | PMC:PMC9923233 | DOI:10.3389/fimmu.2023.1038647
Source: Herpes - February 16, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Yue Yang Yujuan Fu Siyu Sheng Chunlei Ji Xinyi Pu Guangyu Xu Source Type: research

Recommendations for Use of Video Directly Observed Therapy During Tuberculosis Treatment - United States, 2023
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2023 Mar 24;72(12):313-316. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm7212a4.ABSTRACTU.S. clinical practice guidelines recommend directly observed therapy (DOT) as the standard of care for tuberculosis (TB) treatment (1). DOT, during which a health care worker observes a patient ingesting the TB medications, has typically been conducted in person. Video DOT (vDOT) uses video-enabled devices to facilitate remote interactions between patients and health care workers to promote medication adherence and clinical monitoring. Published systematic reviews, a published meta-analysis, and a literature search through 2022 demo...
Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... - March 23, 2023 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Joan M Mangan Rachel S Woodruff Carla A Winston Scott A Nabity Maryam B Haddad Meredith G Dixon Farah M Parvez Carissa Sera-Josef LaTweika A T Salmon-Trejo Chee Kin Lam Source Type: research

Interventions for waterpipe smoking cessation
CONCLUSIONS: We found low-certainty evidence that behavioral waterpipe cessation interventions can increase waterpipe quit rates among waterpipe smokers. We found insufficient evidence to assess whether varenicline or bupropion increased waterpipe abstinence; available evidence is compatible with effect sizes similar to those seen for cigarette smoking cessation. Given e-health interventions' potential reach and effectiveness for waterpipe cessation, trials with large samples and long follow-up periods are needed. Future studies should use biochemical validation of abstinence to prevent the risk of detection bias. Finally,...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - June 7, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Taghrid Asfar Jonathan Livingstone-Banks Kenneth D Ward Thomas Eissenberg Olusanya Oluwole Zoran Bursac Tarek Ghaddar Wasim Maziak Source Type: research

Happy Valentines Day! STI studies and sexual health resources
The studies reveal new infection data, some of it available for the first time, for the eight most common STIs — chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis, herpes, human papillomavirus (HPV), hepatitis B, HIV, and trichomoniasis. The studies, which estimate infection rates and medical costs related to STIs, were published in the journal Sexually Transmitted Diseases. To read an article about the studies: http://nbcnews.to/11Jf4Wr The CDC has a website where you can learn more about STIs as well as search by zipcode for a clinic that offers STI testing as well as HIV testing the HPV vaccines.  To search visit here: http://1.u...
Source: BHIC - February 14, 2013 Category: Databases & Libraries Authors: Monica Rogers Tags: General Health Information Literacy HIV/AIDS Public Health Websites Source Type: blogs

A systematic review of safety data reporting in clinical trials of vaccines against malaria, tuberculosis, and human immunodeficiency virus.
CONCLUSIONS: The review demonstrated lack of standardized safety data reporting in trials for vaccines against malaria, TB and HIV. Standardization of safety data collection and reporting should be encouraged to improve data quality and comparability. LIMITATIONS: The search strategy missed studies published in languages other than English and excluded studies reporting on vaccine trials for diseases besides malaria, TB and HIV. PMID: 23395586 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Vaccine - February 4, 2013 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Tamminga C, Kavanaugh M, Fedders C, Maiolatesi S, Abraham N, Bonhoeffer J, Heininger U, Vasquez C, Moorthy VS, Epstein JE, Richie TL Tags: Vaccine Source Type: research

Treating BCG-induced disease in children.
CONCLUSIONS: It is unclear if oral antibiotics (isoniazid, erythromycin, or a combination of isoniazid plus rifampicin) are effective for the resolution of BCG-induced disease. Most non-suppurated lymphadenitis will resolve without treatment in 4 to 6 months. Patients with lymphadenitis abscess might benefit from needle aspiration and possibly local instillation of isoniazid could shorten recovery time. Included studies were generally small and could be better conducted. Further research should evaluate the use of needle aspiration and local instillation of isoniazid in fluctuant nodes. Therapeutic and preventive measures ...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - March 2, 2013 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Cuello-García CA, Pérez-Gaxiola G, Jiménez Gutiérrez C Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

Delay in seeking initial care for tuberculosis diagnosis
Estudo descritivo que objetivou analisar o tempo decorrido entre a percepção dos sintomas da tuberculose (TB) e a primeira busca por serviço de saúde segundo características dos doentes com TB em São José do Rio Preto - SP. Entrevistaram-se 97 doentes com TB utilizando instrumento estruturado. Identificou-se atraso do doente pela mediana do tempo entre a percepção dos sintomas e busca por atendimento (> 15 dias). Calculou-se a razão de prevalência para identificar variáveis relacionadas ao atraso. Houve atraso entre: doentes do sexo masculino, com 18 a 29 e 50 a 59 anos, baixa escolaridade, maior renda familiar...
Source: Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP - June 7, 2013 Category: Nursing Source Type: research

The CD14 -159C/T polymorphisms and the risks of tuberculosis: a meta-analysis.
Abstract Previous studies about the association between CD14 -159C/T polymorphisms and the risks of tuberculosis (TB) have yielded conflicting results, and thus a meta-analysis was performed in order to provide a more accurate estimation. A computerized literature search with additional manual search was conducted for the relevant available studies. Pooled odds ratio (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) were calculated by either fixed-effects model or random-effects model based on heterogeneity test. A total of 8 eligible studies (1729 cases and 1803 controls) were included in the meta-analyses. Overall, a ...
Source: Infection, Genetics and Evolution - June 11, 2013 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Guo FF, Xie Q, An RF, Zeng T, Zhou W Tags: Infect Genet Evol Source Type: research