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Ischemic Stroke and Infection: A brief update on mechanisms and potential therapies
Biochem Pharmacol. 2021 Sep 17:114768. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114768. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTIschemic stroke triggers a multifaceted inflammatory response in the brain that contributes to secondary brain injury and infarct expansion. In parallel with brain inflammation, ischemic stroke also leads to post-stroke immunosuppression. Stroke-induced leukopenia then predisposes patients to opportunistic infections potentially leading to pneumonia or unrinary tract infections and a worsened stroke outcome. There is evidence that the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis plays an important role in the etiology of post-stroke...
Source: Biochemical Pharmacology - September 20, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Drishti P Ghelani Hyun Ah Kim Shenpeng R Zhang Grant R Drummond Christopher G Sobey T Michael De Silva Source Type: research

Post-ischemic stroke systemic inflammation: Immunomodulation by progesterone and vitamin D hormone.
In this study, we examined the immunomodulatory effects of progesterone (P4) alone and in combination with vitamin D hormone (VDH) on acute phase post-stroke peripheral immune dysfunction and functional/behavioral deficits. Adult rats underwent transient middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (tMCAO) and delayed systemic inflammation was induced by injections of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) beginning 24 h post-stroke. Animals were tested for behavioral outcomes and immune function at day 4 post-stroke. We also measured infarction volume and markers of neuronal inflammation (GFAP, IL-6) and apoptosis (cleaved caspase-3) ...
Source: Neuropharmacology - September 16, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Atif F, Yousuf S, Espinosa-Garcia C, Harris WAC, Stein DG Tags: Neuropharmacology Source Type: research

Pharmacists Act on Care Transitions in Stroke (PACT-Stroke): A Systems Approach
This study was a single-center, retrospective assessment of patients contacted by a pharmacist. All data were analyzed descriptively. Our initial evaluation of the Pharmacists Act on Care Transitions in Stroke (PACT-Stroke) service was to quantify and categorize drug-related problems (DRPs), which included drug selection, drug form, dose selection, treatment duration, dispensing, drug use process, patient-related problems, and other. Patients were included if they were adults who experienced an ischemic stroke. Exclusion criteria for this service included pediatric patients, patients with hemorrhagic strokes, patients with...
Source: Clinical Therapeutics - February 16, 2022 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Jenna L Harris Danielle DelVecchio Robert W Seabury Christopher D Miller Elizabeth Phillips Source Type: research

Endovascular treatment for ischaemic stroke patients with and without atrial fibrillation, and the effects of adjunctive pharmacotherapy: a narrative review
Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2022 Dec 21. doi: 10.1080/14656566.2022.2161362. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTINTRODUCTION: Endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is associated with good clinical outcomes in anterior circulation ischaemic stroke. The impact of EVT on clinical outcomes in patients with ischaemic stroke with and without atrial fibrillation, and the effect of adjunctive pharmacological therapies with EVT, remains unclear.AREAS COVERED: The goal of this narrative review aims to provide an overview of studies which have examined: 1) associations between EVT and outcomes for patients following ischaemic stroke, 2) associati...
Source: Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy - December 21, 2022 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Muath Alobaida Gregory Y H Lip Deirdre A Lane Dimitrios Sagris Andrew Hill Stephanie L Harrison Source Type: research

Cinnamon and Aspirin for Mild Ischemic Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack: A Pilot Trial
Clin Ther. 2022 Mar 25:S0149-2918(22)00082-0. doi: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2022.02.012. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPURPOSE: Cinnamon can reduce levels of blood lipids, blood glucose, and inflammation, which are risk factors for ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack (TIA).The goal of this study was to observe the safety and efficacy of aspirin combined with cinnamon in the treatment of patients with mild stroke or TIA.METHODS: This pilot study included patients with mild stroke or TIA treated at Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital-Nanhai Hospital between January 2014 and December 2016. The primary end point was re...
Source: Clinical Therapeutics - March 29, 2022 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Lei Zhang Zhanhui Li Yuewen Wu Yanming Fan Zhicong He Peng He Jingxing Liang Source Type: research

Predictors of functional outcome and hemorrhagic complications in acute ischemic stroke patients treated with intravenous thrombolysis - A retrospective analysis 
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Predictors of functional outcome and hemorrhagic complications in acute ischemic stroke patients treated with intravenous thrombolysis - A retrospective analysis
. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2017 Oct 26;: Authors: Zhao Q, Shan W, Liu L, Fu X, Liu P, Hu Y Abstract Intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) within 4.5 hours is an effective and routine therapy for acute ischemic stroke (AIS). The purpose of the study was to identify predictors of functional outcome at 3 months and hemorrhagic complications after IVT. A total of 123 AIS patients treated with in...
Source: International Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics - November 4, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther Source Type: research

Complications associated with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator therapy for acute ischaemic stroke.
Abstract Intravenous recombinant human tissue plasminogen activato (rtPA, formulated as alteplase) is the primary therapy for acute ischaemic stroke by breaking down a clot of an occluded vessel. There are several randomised controlled trials and observational studies that support the use of rtPA to improve functional outcome following acute ischaemic stroke. However, thrombolytic therapy with rtPA can be associated with a number of complications. Many of the rtPA-related complications result from its thrombolytic action including bleeding (intracerebral and systemic haemorrhage), reperfusion injury with oedema, a...
Source: CNS and Neurological Disorders Drug Targets - February 4, 2013 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Balami JS, Sutherland BA, Buchan AM Tags: CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets Source Type: research

Reduction in the doses of direct oral anticoagulants and risk of ischemic stroke events: A hospital survey.
Abstract Inappropriately reduced doses (IRDs) of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are common in clinical practice. We performed a retrospective review using electronic medical records of St. Marianna University School of Medicine Hospital (a 1200-bed teaching hospital in Japan) to address the prevalence of IRDs and patient-related factors that result in IRDs. We also surveyed DOAC-treated patients who were hospitalized due to a stroke during the 5-year study period to analyze the association between stroke events and IRDs. We found that one in five patients who were newly prescribed a DOAC was treated with IRDs....
Source: Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin - May 11, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Ueda A, Toki S, Kitayama C, Akazawa M Tags: Biol Pharm Bull Source Type: research

The Role of Statin Therapy in Hemorrhagic Stroke
The 3‐hydroxy‐3‐methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors (statins) are the most widely utilized class of cholesterol‐lowering agents, carrying multiple indications for both primary and secondary cardiovascular risk reduction. Concern was raised by previously published post hoc analyses and observational studies that noted an increased risk of hemorrhagic stroke in patients receiving a statin. Subsequent studies have demonstrated conflicting results regarding the role of statin therapy on hemorrhagic stroke risk and patient outcomes. New evidence suggests that statins taken prior to or continued during admissi...
Source: Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy - December 19, 2015 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Andrea Sikora Newsome, Bryan C. Casciere, J. Dedrick Jordan, Denise H. Rhoney, Kelly A. Sullivan, Kathryn A. Morbitzer, Joseph D. Moore, Emily A. Durr Tags: Review of Therapeutics Source Type: research

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