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Infectious Disease: Meningitis
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Total 171 results found since Jan 2013.

Infective endocarditis requiring ICU admission: epidemiology and prognosis
Conclusions: Mortality in patients admitted to ICU for left-sided IE remains high, especially in cases of endocarditis due to methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus, when organ failures occur and ICU scores are high.
Source: Annals of Intensive Care - December 1, 2015 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Olivier LeroyHugues GeorgesPatrick DevosSteve BittonNathalie De SaCéline DedrieSébastien BeaguePierre DucqClaire Boulle-GeronimiDamien ThellierFabienne SaulnierSebastien Preau Source Type: research

Vascular complications of tuberculous meningitis: An autopsy study
Conclusion: This study showed extensive damage of cerebral vessels in TBM, which was responsible for the presence of widespread infarctions. Microscopic infarctions in the brainstem and cerebellum were much more common than reported by radiological studies. Thus, more aggressive management of TBM is required to combat its vascular complications.
Source: Neurology India - November 20, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Debajyoti ChatterjeeBishan Dass RadotraRakesh Kumar VasishtaKusum Sharma Source Type: research

Sudden neuropathological deaths: An autopsy study
Background Sudden or unexpected death can occur from unnatural causes, such as violence or poisoning, as well as from natural causes. Second to cardiac causes, neuropathology is one of the main causes of sudden natural death. In spite of the increasing incidence of neuropathological deaths, few studies have been conducted in Asia – hence the reason for the present study. Methods A 10-year (January 2003 to December 2012) retrospective study was conducted at the MS medico-legal institute in a metropolitan city of southern India. All the cases of sudden natural death, where the cause of death was opined to be due to a ...
Source: Medicine, Science and the Law - September 16, 2015 Category: Medical Law Authors: Hugar, B. S., Shetty, H., Girishchandra, Y., Hosahally, J. S. Tags: Original articles Source Type: research

Targeted temperature management: Current evidence and practices in critical care
Saurabh Saigal, Jai Prakash Sharma, Ritika Dhurwe, Sanjay Kumar, Mohan GurjarIndian Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2015 19(9):537-546Targeted temperature management (TTM) in today's modern era, especially in intensive care units represents a promising multifaceted therapy for a variety of conditions. Though hypothermia is being used since Hippocratic era, the renewed interest of late has been since early 21 st century. There have been multiple advancements in this field and varieties of cooling devices are available at present. TTM requires careful titration of its depth, duration and rewarming as it is associate...
Source: Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine - September 8, 2015 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Saurabh SaigalJai Prakash SharmaRitika DhurweSanjay KumarMohan Gurjar Source Type: research

UCLA researchers provide first evidence of how obstructive sleep apnea damages the brain
Courtesy of Rajesh Kumar Brains with obstructive sleep apnea (left) and without UCLA researchers have reported the first evidence that obstructive sleep apnea contributes to a breakdown of the blood–brain barrier, which plays an important role in protecting brain tissue. The discovery, reported in the Sept. 1 issue of the Journal of Neuroimaging, could lead to new approaches for treating obstructive sleep apnea, which affects an estimated 22 million American adults. The disorder causes frequent interruptions in breathing during sleep because the airways narrow or become blocked. The blood–brain barrier limits harmful...
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - September 1, 2015 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news

Pediatric Acute Stroke Protocol Activation in a Children's Hospital Emergency Department Brief Reports
Conclusions— Of pediatric brain attacks, 24% were stroke, 2% were transient ischemic attack, and 14% were other neurological emergencies. Together, 40% had a stroke or other neurological emergency, underscoring the need for prompt evaluation and management of children with brain attacks.
Source: Stroke - July 27, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Ladner, T. R., Mahdi, J., Gindville, M. C., Gordon, A., Harris, Z. L., Crossman, K., Pruthi, S., Abramo, T. J., Jordan, L. C. Tags: Emergency treatment of Stroke, Stroke in Children and the Young Brief Reports Source Type: research

National Trends and In-hospital Complication Rates in More Than 1600 Hemispherectomies From 1988 to 2010: A Nationwide Inpatient Sample Study
CONCLUSION: This is the largest study to date examining hemispherectomy and associated in-hospital complication rates. This study supports early surgery in patients with medically intractable epilepsy and severe hemispheric disease. ABBREVIATIONS: ICD-9-CM, International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision–Clinical Modification NIS, Nationwide Inpatient Sample
Source: Neurosurgery - July 25, 2015 Category: Neurosurgery Tags: Research-Human-Clinical Studies: Editor's Choice Source Type: research

The Expression and Significance of the Plasma Let-7 Family in Anti- N -methyl- d -aspartate Receptor Encephalitis
Abstract The study aimed to investigate the expression and significance of the plasma let-7 family in anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis. Blood samples from 5 anti-NMDAR encephalitis patients and 5 negative controls were collected for microarray analysis. Blood samples from10 anti-NMDAR encephalitis patients, 10 anti-NMDAR encephalitis patients whose physical conditions have improved after 3 months of immunotherapy, 20 virus (meningitis) encephalitis patients, 20 tuberculosis (meningitis) encephalitis patients, 10 purulent (meningitis) encephalitis patients, 20 cerebral cysticercosis patient...
Source: Journal of Molecular Neuroscience - June 23, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Brachial Plexus Neuritis as Presenting Manifestation of Disseminated Coccidioidomycosis. (P6.323)
CONCLUSIONS:This is the first reported case of coccidioidomycosis presenting with PNS involvement. Both remote inflammatory changes and direct local fungal invasion noted in this case highlight the wide spectrum of clinico-pathological presentations seen in coccidioidomycosis infection. As this fungal disease is identified with increasing frequency, clinicians should be aware of its atypical manifestations. Study Supported by: Disclosure: Dr. Shah has nothing to disclose. Dr. Liao has nothing to disclose. Dr. Shanina has nothing to disclose. Dr. Smith has nothing to disclose.
Source: Neurology - April 8, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Shah, R., Liao, B., Shanina, E., Smith, G. Tags: Fungi, Parasites, and Other Infectious Disorders Source Type: research

A Case Report of Rheumatoid Meningitis, an unusual complication of Rheumatoid Arthritis (P4.056)
CONCLUSIONS: Rheumatoid Meningitis is an extremely uncommon complication of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Initial presentations can vary from altered mental status (most common), cranial neuropathies, hemiparesis/paraparesis, seizure, headache and very rarely stroke like symptoms. This patient with Rheumatoid Arthritis presented with multiple stroke like episodes, lepomeningeal enhancement. Diagnosis was established on the basis of Imaging and Histopathology after excluding other potential causes of granulomatous meningitis. Study Supported by: Not applicableDisclosure: Dr. roy has nothing to disclose. Dr. Brink has nothing to dis...
Source: Neurology - April 8, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Roy, B., Brink, J., Bakradze, E., Al Zahmi, F., Uphoff, D., Silverman, I. Tags: MS and CNS Inflammatory Diseases: CNS Inflammatory Diseases and Differential Diagnosis Source Type: research

Predictors of Poor Outcome in Bacterial Meningitis: Retrospective Analysis of Nationwide Inpatient Sample (P5.046)
CONCLUSIONS: In this retrospective study, every decade increase in age, teaching hospital status and development of complications like hydrocephalus, ischemic stroke, seizures, intracranial abscess and respiratory failure were predictors of poor outcome. Every calendar year increase was a negative predictor of poor outcome. Study Supported by:Disclosure: Dr. Dharaiya has nothing to disclose. Dr. Modi has nothing to disclose. Dr. Maraka has nothing to disclose.
Source: Neurology - April 8, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Dharaiya, D., Modi, S., Maraka, S. Tags: Neuroepidemiology: Headache, Global Health, and Infectious Disease Source Type: research

Mortality Predictors in Bacterial Meningitis Patients who developed Hydrocephalus (P5.050)
CONCLUSIONS: In this retrospective analysis, we found that every decade increase in age, ischemic stroke, respiratory failure and requirement of ventriculostomy were significant predictors of mortality in patients of bacterial meningitis who developed hydrocephalus. Study Supported by:Disclosure: Dr. Irshad has nothing to disclose. Dr. Modi has nothing to disclose. Dr. Naqvi has nothing to disclose. Dr. Dharaiya has nothing to disclose.
Source: Neurology - April 8, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Irshad, K., Modi, S., Naqvi, I., Dharaiya, D. Tags: Neuroepidemiology: Headache, Global Health, and Infectious Disease Source Type: research

Nosocomial infections after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: time course and causative pathogens
ConclusionNosocomial infections after subarachnoid hemorrhage are common and mostly occur in the first week after ictus. Future studies should investigate if general hygienic measures, infection awareness, minimizing the duration of mechanical ventilation and use of catheters/drains, or prophylactic antibiotics reduce infections and improve functional outcome.
Source: International Journal of Stroke - April 1, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Kamil G. Laban, Gabriel J. E. Rinkel, Mervyn D. I. Vergouwen Tags: Research Source Type: research

Central nervous system involvement in adult patients with invasive infection caused by Streptococcus agalactiae
Conclusions CNS involvement is not uncommon in adult patients with invasive infection caused by S. agalactiae. Isolating S. agalactiae, especially in cases of meningitis, should lead doctors to search for predisposing systemic disease and causes of mucocutaneous barrier disruption.
Source: Neurologia - March 5, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity in neurological critical care
Conclusion: PSH is an unusual complication in neurocritical care. It prolonged the hospitalization and hampers recovery. The other life-threatening conditions that mimic PSH should be excluded. The association with JE and tuberculous meningitis was not previously described in literature.
Source: Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine - January 6, 2015 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Rajesh VermaPrithvi GiriImran Rizvi Source Type: research