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Total 222 results found since Jan 2013.

Insulin Resistance, Small LDL Particles, and Risk for Atherosclerotic Disease.
Abstract There is a global epidemic of obesity, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes mellitus. Insulin resistance (IR) is etiologic for both metabolic syndrome and diabetes mellitus. IR induces a broad range of toxic systemic effects, including dyslipidemia, hypertension, hyperglycemia, increased production of advanced glycosylation end products, increased inflammatory tone, as well as a prothrombotic and pro-oxidative state. Patients with IR are highly vulnerable to the development of accelerated atherosclerosis as well its clinical sequelae, including coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction, carotid artery...
Source: Current Vascular Pharmacology - April 25, 2013 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Toth PP Tags: Curr Vasc Pharmacol Source Type: research

Hard times in Cuba linked to better national health
Conclusion This is an interesting study that appears to show that modest weight loss within a relatively short period across the whole population is associated with a downward trend in diabetes and reductions in death rates from both diabetes and heart disease. Similarly, weight regain was associated with an increase in diabetes incidence, prevalence and mortality as well as a slowing down in the decline of cardiovascular deaths. This type of study draws on many different data sources and, as such, there is a possibility of error. Also, as the authors point out, data was missing on diabetes incidence during the crisis year...
Source: NHS News Feed - April 10, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Food/diet Heart/lungs Diabetes Source Type: news

Door‐to‐door survey of cardiovascular health, stroke, and ischemic heart disease in rural coastal Ecuador – the Atahualpa Project: methodology and operational definitions
DiscussionImplementation of public health strategies directed to improve the cardiovascular health status of a given population must be based on studies evaluating specific risk factors at regional levels. Epidemiologic surveys such as the Atahualpa Project may prove cost‐effective in improving the cardiovascular health status of people living in Latin American rural villages by increasing the knowledge on the particular needs of these populations.
Source: International Journal of Stroke - March 19, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Oscar H. Del Brutto, Ernesto Peñaherrera, Elio Ochoa, Milton Santamaría, Mauricio Zambrano, Victor J. Del Brutto, Tags: Protocols Source Type: research

Association of obesity with socio-economic factors and obesity-related chronic diseases in rural southwest China
Conclusions: In order to reduce the obesity epidemic in rural southwest China, effective interventions must address socio-economic factors. Reducing obesity has a profound impact on the reduction of morbidity associated with cardiovascular diseases and diabetes.
Source: Public Health - February 22, 2013 Category: Global & Universal Authors: L. Cai, J. He, Y. Song, K. Zhao, W. Cui Tags: Original Research Source Type: research

Rivaroxaban and other novel anticoagulants for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation: time to embrace the future
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is now said to be at epidemic proportions.1 Although symptoms and heart failure are two of the main reasons that patients with AF suffer from reduced quality of life, thromboembolic complications, particularly stroke, remain the major determinant of significant morbidity and mortality.2 Importantly, the risk of thromboembolism (TE) is completely irrespective of symptoms, and hence the sad fact that people continue to present with catastrophic stroke in AF with no prior history of its detection.3 Appropriate anticoagulation is imperative to reduce the TE/stroke risk. Numerous large scale studies hav...
Source: Heart - February 18, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Rajappan, K. Tags: Drugs: cardiovascular system, Epidemiology Editorials Source Type: research

The role of diastolic filling in preserving left ventricular stroke volume — An MRI study
In this early part of the 21st century, many countries appear to be experiencing a ‘heart failure epidemic’, with prevalence rates worldwide in the order of 2% and increasing . But despite its significant global impact, there remains considerable debate over the most appropriate way to diagnose heart failure , especially that with a preserved ejection fraction (commonly known as HFPEF). HFPEF, defined as heart failure with a normal, or near normal, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF>50%), now comprises as much as 50–60% of those diagnosed with heart failure .
Source: International Journal of Cardiology - February 18, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: S. Offen, D. Celermajer, C. Semsarian, R. Puranik Tags: Letters to the Editor Source Type: research

Population-based study of cardiovascular health in Atahualpa, a rural village of coastal Ecuador
The American Heart Association (AHA) recently defined the metrics needed to categorize cardiovascular health (CVH), to implement strategies directed to reduce vascular deaths among US populations . The same could be applied to developing countries, where stroke and cardiovascular diseases will be the next health epidemics due to changes in lifestyle and increased life expectancy . Indeed, the rate of vascular deaths in Latin America is higher than in the developed world; this excess mortality fraction could be related to modifiable factors, including: inadequate access to medical care, increasing obesity and diabetes melli...
Source: International Journal of Cardiology - February 13, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Oscar H. Del Brutto, Milton Santamaría, Elio Ochoa, Ernesto Peñaherrera, Rocío Santibáñez, Freddy Pow-Chon-Long, Mauricio Zambrano, Victor J. Del Brutto Tags: Letters to the Editor Source Type: research

Atrial fibrillation: Profile and burden of an evolving epidemic in the 21st century
Abstract: Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) represents an increasing public health challenge with profound social and economic implications.Methods: A comprehensive synthesis and review of the AF literature was performed. Overall, key findings from 182 studies were used to describe the indicative scope and impact of AF from an individual to population perspective.Results: There are many pathways to AF including advancing age, cardiovascular disease and increased levels of obesity/metabolic disorders. The reported population prevalence of AF ranges from 2.3%–3.4% and historical trends reflect increased AF incidence. Es...
Source: International Journal of Cardiology - February 4, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Jocasta Ball, Melinda J. Carrington, John J.V. McMurray, Simon Stewart Tags: Reviews Source Type: research

Influence of dietary patterns on the risk of acute myocardial infarction in China population: the INTERHEART China study.
CONCLUSIONS: Unhealthy dietary intake can increase the AMI risk. Improving intake of vegetables, fruits and tofu have the potential to partially prevent the rising epidemic of cardiovascular disease in China. PMID: 23422108 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Chinese Medical Journal - February 1, 2013 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Guo J, Li W, Wang Y, Chen T, Teo K, Liu LS, Yusuf S, INTERHEART China study investigators Tags: Chin Med J (Engl) Source Type: research

Any defence of sugar is pure confection | Aseem Malhotra
More and more people are challenging the food industry's PR machine. The evidence shows that sugar, not fat, is the enemyThe public health minister, Anna Soubry, has commented that the poor are more likely to be obese. It is well known that social status is linked to health, but her comments were also motivated by a mentality that victimises the most vulnerable. She should really be directing her criticism at the food industry. There is no doubt that an oversupply of cheap junk food fuelled by unregulated and irresponsible marketing limits our ability to make healthy choices. But there is an equally important question that...
Source: Guardian Unlimited Science - January 24, 2013 Category: Science Authors: Aseem Malhotra Tags: Comment Food & drink industry Obesity Health guardian.co.uk Health policy Society UK news Life and style Business Science Comment is free Source Type: news

Drug treatments to restore vascular function and diabesity.
Abstract Over the last decades, an escalating rate of type 2 diabetes has paralleled an epidemic rise in the prevalence of obesity. Both diabetes and obesity confer an increased risk of cardiovascular comorbidities, including hypertension, coronary artery disease and stroke. Vascular dysfunction, represented by impaired endothelial release of vasodilator substances or defective smooth muscle vasodilator reactivity, is the early stage of the process leading to atherosclerosis and a common finding in patients with diabesity. It is understandable, therefore, that effective treatments for diabesity should restore vasc...
Source: Annales Pharmaceutiques Francaises - January 1, 2013 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Cardillo C Tags: Ann Pharm Fr Source Type: research

Structural Renal Changes in Obesity and Diabetes
Summary: Overweight, obesity, and associated diseases represent an emerging problem, not only in Western countries but also in the developing world. They are now characterized as epidemic diseases. Obesity is particularly serious because its incidence in children and adolescents increased dramatically: it is estimated that in the United States every eighth adolescent suffers from obesity, which in the long run may reduce life expectancy in the population. Apart from cardiovascular disease (ie, blood pressure, stroke, and coronary heart disease), kidney diseases also have been shown to be associated with obesity. Epidemiol...
Source: Seminars in Nephrology - January 1, 2013 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Kerstin Amann, Kerstin Benz Tags: Gunter Wolf, MD, MHBA Source Type: research