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Prevalence and Antimicrobial-Resistant Features of < em > Shigella < /em > Species in East Africa from 2015-2022: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
CONCLUSION: The pooled estimate indicates high burden of Shigella infection in East Africa, as well as a high proportion of drug resistance pattern to tetracycline, ampicillin, chloramphenicol, and amoxicillin. Therefore, initiating and scale-up of performing drug susceptibility test for each shigellosis case need to be considered and strengthened.PMID:37692062 | PMC:PMC10492654 | DOI:10.1155/2023/8277976
Source: Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases - September 11, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Basha Ayele Getenet Beyene Mekdelawit Alemayehu Aman Dekebo Zeleke Mekonnen Gashaw Nigussie Source Type: research
Can you really choose a hospital based on the best price?
Consumerism in health care is coming to mean patients must shop around for the best price — for a doctor’s visit, Cipro, health insurance and maybe even your next operation. The marketplace gurus are telling us we can buy health care like TV sets and search for the lowest price tag.But can you really choose a place for surgery based on the best price? And more importantly, should you? Considering that more states will have large data bases with health insurance claim data and prices, which in the future may guide people to the cheapest medical services, these are not rhetorical questions.Continue reading ... Manage you...
Source: Kevin, M.D. - Medical Weblog - February 21, 2013 Category: Family Physicians Tags: Patient Health reform Hospital Surgery Source Type: blogs
In vitro susceptibility to antibiotics of staphylococci in biofilms isolated from orthopaedic infections
Abstract: Prosthetic joint infections (PJIs) are related to the formation of biofilms, mainly by Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Therapy is usually selected according conventional susceptibility testing, but these data may be insufficient to detect the true antibiotic susceptibility in the biofilm. In total, 32 clinical strains (17 S. aureus and 15 S. epidermidis) isolated from patients with PJIs as well as 2 collection strains (S. aureus 15981 and S. epidermidis ATCC 35984) were tested against nine antibiotics commonly used in the treatment of PJIs (rifampicin, vancomycin, tigecycline, clindamycin, t...
Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents - April 22, 2013 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Diana Molina-Manso, Gema del Prado, Alberto Ortiz-Pérez, Miguel Manrubia-Cobo, Enrique Gómez-Barrena, José Cordero-Ampuero, Jaime Esteban Tags: Full length articles Source Type: research
Antimicrobial therapy for chronic bacterial prostatitis.
CONCLUSIONS: The microbiological and clinical efficacy, as well as the adverse effect profile, of different oral fluoroquinolones are comparable. No conclusions can be drawn regarding the optimal treatment duration of fluoroquinolones in the treatment of CBP caused by traditional pathogens.Alternative antimicrobial agents tested for the treatment of CBP caused by traditional pathogens are co-trimoxazole, beta-lactams and tetracyclines, but no conclusive evidence can be drawn regarding the role of non-fluoroquinolone antibiotics in the treatment of CBP caused by traditional pathogens.In patients with CBP caused by obligate ...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - August 12, 2013 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Perletti G, Marras E, Wagenlehner FM, Magri V Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research
Medical Mispronunciations and Misspelled Words: The Definitive List.
Hearing medical mispronunciations and seeing misspelled words are an under appreciated joy of working in healthcare. Physicians often forget just how alien the language of medicine is to people who don't live it everyday. The best part about being a physician is not helping people recover from critical illness. The best part is not about listening and understanding with compassion and empathy. Nope, the best part about being a physician is hearing patients and other healthcare providers butcher the language of medicine and experiencing great entertainment in the process. Doctors c...
Source: The Happy Hospitalist - October 2, 2013 Category: Internists and Doctors of Medicine Authors: Tamer Mahrous Source Type: blogs
Prophylaxis and Treatment of Anthrax in Pregnant Women.
CONCLUSIONS:: Overall, safety and pharmacokinetic information is limited for these antimicrobials. Although small increases in risks for certain anomalies have been observed with some antimicrobials recommended for prophylaxis and treatment of anthrax, the absolute risk of these antimicrobials appears low. Given the high morbidity and mortality associated with anthrax, antimicrobials should be dosed appropriately to ensure that antibiotic levels can be achieved and sustained. Dosing adjustments may be necessary for the β-lactam antimicrobials and the fluoroquinolones to achieve therapeutic levels in pregnant women. Data i...
Source: Obstetrics and Gynecology - October 1, 2013 Category: OBGYN Authors: Meaney-Delman D, Rasmussen SA, Beigi RH, Zotti ME, Hutchings Y, Bower WA, Treadwell TA, Jamieson DJ Tags: Obstet Gynecol Source Type: research
Antibiotics for preventing meningococcal infections.
CONCLUSIONS: Using rifampin during an outbreak may lead to the circulation of resistant isolates. Use of ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone or penicillin should be considered. All four agents were effective for up to two weeks follow-up, though more trials comparing the effectiveness of these agents for eradicating N. meningitidis would provide important insights.
PMID: 24163051 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - November 2, 2013 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Zalmanovici Trestioreanu A, Fraser A, Gafter-Gvili A, Paul M, Leibovici L Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research
Stability and compatibility of antimicrobial lock solutions.
CONCLUSION: Pharmacists' knowledge of diverse combinations of antimicrobial agents and additives in lock solutions, including several shown to be stable and compatible for extended periods, can help expand and optimize the use of ALT in both treatment and prophylactic modalities.
PMID: 24296841 [PubMed - in process]
Source: American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy : AJHP - December 9, 2013 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Bookstaver PB, Rokas KE, Norris LB, Edwards JM, Sherertz RJ Tags: Am J Health Syst Pharm Source Type: research
Antibiotics and antiseptics for venous leg ulcers.
CONCLUSIONS: At present, no evidence is available to support the routine use of systemic antibiotics in promoting healing of venous leg ulcers. However, the lack of reliable evidence means that it is not possible to recommend the discontinuation of any of the agents reviewed. In terms of topical preparations, some evidence supports the use of cadexomer iodine. Current evidence does not support the routine use of honey- or silver-based products. Further good quality research is required before definitive conclusions can be drawn about the effectiveness of povidone-iodine, peroxide-based preparations, ethacridine lactate, ch...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - January 10, 2014 Category: Journals (General) Authors: O'Meara S, Al-Kurdi D, Ologun Y, Ovington LG, Martyn-St James M, Richardson R Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research
Bayesian models for screening and TB Mobile for target inference with Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Summary: The search for compounds active against Mycobacterium tuberculosis is reliant upon high-throughput screening (HTS) in whole cells. We have used Bayesian machine learning models which can predict anti-tubercular activity to filter an internal library of over 150,000 compounds prior to in vitro testing. We used this to select and test 48 compounds in vitro; 11 were active with MIC values ranging from 0.4 μM to 10.2 μM, giving a high hit rate of 22.9%. Among the hits, we identified several compounds belonging to the same series including five quinolones (including ciprofloxacin), three molecules with long aliph...
Source: Tuberculosis - January 21, 2014 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Sean Ekins, Allen C. Casey, David Roberts, Tanya Parish, Barry A. Bunin Tags: Drug Discovery and Resistance Source Type: research
Topical antibiotics for the management of bacterial keratitis: an evidence-based review of high quality randomised controlled trials.
CONCLUSIONS: Results of this review suggest no evidence of difference in comparative effectiveness between fluoroquinolones and aminoglycoside-cephalosporin treatment options in the management of BK. There were differences in safety profile, however. Fluoroquinolones decreased the risk of ocular discomfort and chemical conjunctivitis while ciprofloxacin increased the risk of white corneal precipitate compared with aminoglycoside-cephalosporin.
PMID: 24729078 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: The British Journal of Ophthalmology - April 12, 2014 Category: Opthalmology Authors: McDonald EM, Ram FS, Patel DV, McGhee CN Tags: Br J Ophthalmol Source Type: research
Antimicrobial drugs for treating cholera.
CONCLUSIONS: In treating cholera, antimicrobials result in substantial improvements in clinical and microbiological outcomes, with similar effects observed in severely and non-severely ill patients. Azithromycin and tetracycline may have some advantages over other antibiotics.
PMID: 24944120 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - June 19, 2014 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Leibovici-Weissman Y, Neuberger A, Bitterman R, Sinclair D, Salam MA, Paul M Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research
Identification of potential drug targets by subtractive genome analysis of Bacillus anthracis A0248: An in silico approach.
CONCLUSION: Being human non-homologous, these proteins can be targeted for potential therapeutic drug development in future. Targets on unique metabolic and membrane-bound proteins can block cell wall synthesis, bacterial replication and signal transduction respectively.
PMID: 25254941 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Computational Biology and Chemistry - September 18, 2014 Category: Bioinformatics Authors: Rahman MA, Noore MS, Hasan MA, Ullah MR, Rahman MH, Hossain MA, Ali Y, Islam MS Tags: Comput Biol Chem Source Type: research
The Case Files: The Killer Ticker: Left Neck Pain
By Ung, Lyncean DO; Sattler, Steve DO; Segerivas, Doni Marie DO
A 50-year-old man with a history of coronary artery disease, multiple myocardial infarctions, and diabetes mellitus presented with persistent left-sided neck pain for three weeks after having an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) placed via his left subclavian vein. His pain was described as constant, nonradiating, and 5/10 on the pain scale. There were no modifying factors. He was evaluated one week prior for the same pain, which included an electrocardiogram, chest x-ray, and measurement of cardiac markers (Troponin I, CKMB, and CPK). All result...
Source: The Case Files - June 10, 2014 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Blog Posts Source Type: research
